Biomolecules Questions and Answers

What is the major energy carrier molecule in most cells what energy do cells run on O ATP O Glucose O Pyruvate O Kcalories

18 tRNA molecules a can carry an amino acid at their 3 ends b contain two anti parallel strands of RNA in a cloverleaf structure c contain thymine instead of uracil d are coded for by genes located in the nuclear organizing NO region that forms the nucleolus in the nucleus 19 The largest component of a chromosome by dry weight is a histone protein b DNA c RNA d non histone protein

O O consists of statements beliefs or practices that are both scientific and factual O consists of statements beliefs or scientific practices that are open to interpretation consists of statements Obeliefs or practices that claim to be both scientific and factual but are incompatible with the scientific method science that mainstream scientists are afraid to accept

Which of the following is most directly responsible for water s unique properties It contains hydrogen atoms It is an ionic compound It forms hydrogen bonds It is nonpolar SUBMIT

Which of the following is responsible for the adhesive property of water O O Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of two adjacent water molecules Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule Covalent bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule Hydrogen bonds between water molecules and other types of molecules SUBMIT

37 Proteins can be modified by adding A sugars and phosphate groups B hydroxyl and formyl groups C cystine D A and B E All of the above to protein residues

39 It is difficult to determine either Km or Vmax from a graph of velocity vs substrate concentration because A an asymptotic an exact value value must be determined from the graph B too much substrate is required to determine them C the graph is sigmoidal D the points on the graph are often not spread out on the hyperbola 39

30 A mixture of four proteins X Y Z and N is applied to a gel filtration column Given the information supplied which will elute first Protein X Y Z N Molecular Weight g mol 35 000 26 000 146 000 26 000 A Y and N elute together B Z C X D cannot answer without information about the isoelectric point 3

35 Which of the following statements is FALSE A Enzymes lower the amount of energy needed for a reaction B Enzymes are proteins C Enzymes make reactions 103 to 1020 times faster D Enzymes speed up the attainment of a reaction equilibrium E Enzymes are chemically unchanged during the actual catalytic process 35

25 What is the purpose of treating a protein with 2 mercaptoethanol A to hydrolyze the protein into its amino acids B to derivatize any free sulfhydryl groups to prevent them from reforming disulfide bonds C to derivatize the N terminal amino acid during the Edman degradation D to cleave the disulfide bonds 25

32 According to the Henderson Hasselbalch equation when the concentrations of proton acceptor and proton donor are the same then A pH pka B pKa log proton acceptor proton donor C only salt forms are present D the carboxylic acid is totally neutralized 32

29 What distinguishes reversible inhibitors from irreversible inhibitors A Reversible inhibitors are not covalently bound to enzymes but irreversible inhibitors are B There is an equilibrium between bound and unbound reversible inhibitor There usually is little back reaction for the binding of an irreversible inhibitor C Reversible inhibitors are easier to purify from solutions of enzymes than irreversible inhibitors D All of the above E A and B only 29

27 Which structure below is appropriate for glycine at neutral pH A H3NCH2C00 C H2NCH2COO B H3NCH2COOH D H2NCH2COOH 27

22 In an enzyme reaction involving one enzyme and one substrate the rate of the reaction depends on A both substrate and enzyme concentrations B substrate concentration C the enzyme concentration at first and the substrate concentration later on D enzyme concentration 22

16 How many intermediates are indicated by the energy diagram below energy A one reaction coordinate B two C three D four 16

20 An enzyme that catalyzes conversions of L sugars to D sugars is called a an A isomerase B synthase C synthetase D lyase E hydrolase 20

10 The reason to rewrite the Michaelis Menten equation such as the Lineweaver Burk plot is to A visualize reactions better B form enzyme kinetic data as a hyperbolic curve C calculate Vmax and Km D calculate catalytic proficiency 10

18 In a multienzyme complex the process of directly transferring a product of one reaction to the next active site without allowing it to enter the bulk solvent is termed A metabolite channeling C the activity pathway B the sequential mode D a ping pong reaction 18

14 Which represents the backbone of a protein Note R amino acid side chain N nitrogen Ca alpha carbon C carbonyl carbon A repeating units of Cx C C R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 B repeating units of N C D repeating units of N C C

17 Gel filtration chromatography separates a mixture of proteins on the basis of B density D size A charge C affinity for ligands in the column matrix 17

13 Which statement is not true about the peptide bond A The carbonyl oxygen and the amide hydrogen are most often in a trans configuration with respect to one another B Rotation is restricted about the peptide bond C The peptide bond has partial double bond character D The peptide bond is longer than the typical carbon nitrogen bond 13

9 Which statement is false about covalent modification A It is slightly slower than allosteric regulation B It is reversible C It usually uses the same enzyme for activation and inactivation D All of the above 9

8 Glycine is not a stereoisomer because A it does not exist in two non superimposable mirror image forms B it has no chiral carbon C it does not form enantiomers D All of the above E A and B only 8

7 Unlike typical catalyzed reactions in organic chemistry enzyme reactions are A modulated to change activation energy activity levels B essentially 100 efficient C reaction specific D usually stereospecific E All of the above

5 Amino acids are named that because each one A is a carboxyl derivative of an amide acid B is an amino derivative of a carboxylic acid C is a unique carboxylic acid D has a standard configuration

4 Structural proteins that typically assemble into large cables or threads to provide mechanical support to cells or organisms are classified as A fibrous proteins C B strand B globular D enzyme 4

What types of areas are likely to experience water stress Select all that may apply Areas growing water intensive crops Areas with a naturally arid climate Areas that are heavily populated Areas with a lot of trees

What is an aquiter O O An area of land where water runoff feeds into a specific river An underground formation of rock and sand that holds water OA brand of water that you can buy at the store O An artificial lake used as a source of water supply

Part K Give the three letter abbreviation for histidylglycylglutamylisoleucine Submit Request Answer Part L Give the one letter abbreviation for histidylglycylglutamylisoleucine

Choose the correct answer Members who head the standing committees in each chamber are called O committee leaders O committee heads O committee VIPs O committee chairmen

O 5 O thymine OH hydrogen bonds H N 3 Sugar phosphate backbone NH guanine In the DNA image above Select FN O NH adenine NH Bases N H N cytosine via intramolecular bonds and bonded to guanine via intermolecular attractions Select O cytosine Image from OpenStax Chemistry 2e https openstax org books chemistry 2e pages 10 1 intermolecular forces 3 OH 0 O 05 Sugar phosphate backbone is covalently bonded to is hydrogen

4 If you have a solution of 500 ng L DNA and you need to add 2 L to a reaction mixture that requires a final concentration of 50 ng L how much buffer should you add to the reaction mixture

Sut Uncle Henry I don t ke oatmeal it looks like fsh eyes Come on now Maria Oatmeal is healthy and sticks to your ribs A growing girl like you needs all the energy Maria eyed the bowl of oatmeal suspiciously it looked like a thousand fish eyes starting back at her She felt herself get a de green a the gils She wished Aunt Kathy had made breakfast She made good things like sausage and biscuits But Aunt Kathy was already working in the garden She always got up at the crack of dawn on Saturdays The early bird gets the worm she ked to say I d prefer a worm over this oatmeal Maria thought as she stabbed it with her spoon and sent it down the hatch which phrase from the passage indicates that someone is slightly nauseous 01 Socks to your ribs O2 green around the gis 03 the early bird gets the worm Odown the hatch

Choose the correct answer The process by which Congress through its committees checks to see that the various agencies in the executive branch are working effectively is called the O oversight function supervision function O looking out function surveillance function Complete Later Complete

Q The nitrogenous waste would result from the breakdown of which group of macromolecules

the 2 correct answers During lysogeny host cell does not lyze phage penetrate the bacterium age exits the cell by budding exocytosis e phage lyses the host cell e phage genome integrates into the bacterial gen

Check the 2 correct answers Which of the following is a reduced form of the redox cofactor FADH2 O NAD NADH O NADH2 FADH

Check the 2 correct answers T helical round cork screwed shaped hexagonal eicosahedral

Which of the following gives the most energy O glycogen O NADH O alcohol ATP

Question 16 The terminal electron acceptor in the oxyg O NADP NAD FAD NADP

Check the 3 correct answers Which of the following are endergonic moving K from low to high concentration water flowing down the mountain O O reduction hiking moving K from high to low concentration

Question 5 NAD has more energy than FADH2 O True O False

Question 3 NADPH takes up 2 electrons O True O

Example of catabolism is O electron transport chain O CO fixation digestion of food water moving down its concentration gradient O walking

r 2 at 11 27pm nstructions Question 1 enetic information of eukaryotic cells

Which component of membranes is key to controlling membrane fluidity in prokaryotes a peripheral proteins Ob cholesterol OC integral proteins Od hydrophilic heads of phospholipids e hydrophobic tails of phospholipids

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching has been used to study a lipid rafts in membranes O b membrane composition C protein structural motifs in membranes Od lateral diffusion in membranes Oeion channels activity

What signal molecule does NOT pass into the cell to transfer the environmental signal a ligand Ob activator C second messenger membrane receptor primary messenger

The slowest type of molecule transport is O a facilitated diffusion Ob active transport C transverse diffusion of proteins Od transverse diffusion of lipids Oe lateral diffusion

What form of the guanyl nucleotide is bound in the unactivated state of the G protein Oa GMP Ob GDP C dGTP O d GTP Oe cGMP