Ecology - Ecosystems Questions and Answers

Use the slides to write an essay following the format below This is a major grade Do you feel like the Industrial Revolution was more Positive or Negative Make a list of positive and negative impacts to help you Positive 1 2 3 4 Negative 1 2

The next question Dr Palumbi s group asked was whether corals from cool pools could become more heat resistant if given time to acclimate to warmer temperatures Identify the components of the second experiment Hypothesis Independent variable Dependent variable Controlled variables Question 11 Choose1 Choose Based on Dr Palumbi s disc differentiate between accli If corals from cooler pools were gradually exposed to warmer temperatures then they would be more heat resistant because the corals would have an opportunity to acclimate to the warmer temperatures Genetically identical coral standard stress tank Resistance to heat and bleaching Environment in which the pts

A friend says to you Who cares about melting ice at the poles We do not live near ice sheets or glaciers so melting ice will not impact us Refute your friend s claim by explaining how the current melting of ice observed in the cryosphere causes a negative effect to another Earth s sphere Y explanation needs to identify the sphere that is affected spheres are hydrosphere geosphere biosphere or atmosphere explain how the sphere is affected by melting ice with scientific evidence and reasoning from this lesson and or previous lessons in this B I U

is the using of resources in a sustainable manner while manufacturing new products in order to minimize impacts to the environment O Product efficiency Product respect

What advantage does gasoline have over electricity for cars Gasoline is easier to store within a vehicle We are used to gasoline running our cars Gasoline makes cars sound like vroom vroom Gasoline provides a lot of power for not much quantity

A community is composed of the factors that constitute an organism s niche O potentially interacting populations of different kinds of organisms O one species of organism living in a specific environment on Earth

10 What is the boiling point of water in Celsius What is the boiling point of water in Kelvin

Match each vocabulary term to its definition a geographic barrier separates populations prezygotic or postzygotic barri ers that prevent breeding prevents two species from breeding reduces viability of offspring pro duces when two species breed group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile off spring in nature breeding at different times species cannot breed because of a geographic barrier that causes allopatric speciation the presence or absence of a be havine prevents reproduction d sympatric speciation b speciation I geographic isolation behavioral Isolation allopatric speciation poszygotic barrier prezygotic barrier h species temporal Isolation

6 Why are decomposers critical for ecosystem functioning 1pt a They released enzymes which allows them to take in increased nitrogen amounts for photosynthesis b They acted as a carbon sink reducing CO2 in the atmosphere c They specialized in breaking down lignin which was building up from dead plant material and then released CO2 back into the atmosphere d They decomposed plants and animals thereby release nutrients and CO2 that can be used by plants once again

Which of the following BEST describes the cricket population if the plants die during a summer drought Plant A 1 0 00 0 21 B Cricket C H Food Chain Frog Energy Pyramid The cricket population would increase Snake Speed 1x The cricket population would decrease Hawk Not drawn to scale 04 Paused

Which statement provides a possible biological explanation for this resemblance 0 00 0 23 A C B PR of the trees on which they live Speed 1x The insects needed camouflage so they developed protective coloration Natural selection played a role in the development of this protective coloration 104 Pause

Which species is an example of an early succession specialist in avian communities OA Red cockaded woodpecker OB Kirtland s warbler OC Nashville warbler OD Veery

Which species is known for kidnapping OA Brown headed cowbirds B White winged chough OC Common hawk Cuckoo D Paradise whydah

Gerbil species G alenbyi and G pyramidum in Israel coexist by OA Indirect competition OB Partitioning foraging activity across the night OC Interference competition D Apparent competition

A Gamma diversity B Beta diversity C Alpha diversity D Biotic homogenization QUESTION 32 Egg removal egg smashing and building nests on top of old nests are examples of OA The response hosts have to brood parasites B The costs of brood parasitism on the hosts OC Mimicry

In the Miller Dunes system marram grass is known as the great stabilizer because OA It is fire resistant B It is drought tolerant OC It is poisonous OD It has horizontal roots that stabilize the soil

How would the presence of a dead conspecific like a dove wing effect giving up densities OA Giving up densities increase B Giving up densities decrease C Giving up densities are unchanged

These graphs compare population size and birth rate for a squirrel population in an ecosystem Population Time Time Which graph for this period best explains these graphs Select one Birthrate Immigration Rate

Using the 10 rule when studying trophic pyramids if the producers produce 1000 Joules of energy 100 joules will be passed on to the herbivore How much energy is passed on to the secondary consumers A 75 Joules B 10 Joules C 0 1 Joule Use the food web below to help you answer this question Quaternary Consumers Chesapeake Bay Waterbird Food Web Osprey Bald Eagle

3 points What kind of ecosystem are exotic species especially threatening to O deserts O tropical forests Omarine ecosystems iclando

Select the correct answer Skin tanning is an example of which adaptation technique OA behavioral adaptation OB cultural adaptation OC structural adaptation OD physiological adaptation

Drag each option to the correct location on the image Certain species were intentionally or unintentionally released into new areas Match each species to its possible type of release method Cogon grass arrived as seeds in packing material The Asian oyster was introduced to replace depleted native fish populations European green crabs began threatening commercial fisheries Intentional release European brown trout were introduced to establish sport fisheries Unintentional release

Fatianna studies two species of frogs One species reproduces from January to March The other species reproduces from March to May How does the time period used for reproduction relate to speciation in frogs The two species of frogs can mate because they reproduce during the same time As a result they form different species The two species of frogs cannot mate because they reproduce at different times As a result they form different species The two species of frogs can mate because they reproduce at different times As a result they form different species The two species of frogs cannot mate because they reproduce at different times As a result they form the same species A B D

Which of the following actions is most likely to have a negative effect on Earth s ecosystems the construction of new facilities to recycle metals B regulations minimizing air pollution a gradual increase in human population protection of native species

Predict the impact of a severe drought for the Georgia marshland ecosystem Your response needs to include how a drought will affect the food web

15 Mangrove swamps are found along the southern coasts of Florida A mangrove swamp contains an ecosystem of many organisms living among the large roots of the mangrove trees This food web shows some of the relationships in that ecosystem ell am TOUC Mold Mangrove leaves Snall Mangrove Food Web Li Bacteria Prawn Small fish SSING A Phytoplankton Heron Pelican Which best describes how the organisms act in the food web A Herons and pelicans prey upon one another B Mangroves are the only producers shown C Phytoplankton act as consumers of bacteria D Small fish and prawns compete for bacteria

Basic Ecology 1 Define Ecology 2 Put the following 7 levels of organization in order smallest to largest and be able to define each level community organism ecosystem blome population biosphere species 3 What is the difference between decomposers detritivores and scavengers 4 Define and give three examples of each abiotic biotic 5 Define and give an example of each symbiotic relationship a Parasitism discuss parasites and hosts b Commensalism c Mutualism d Predation discuss predators and prey 6a What is the following a diagram of b List the herbivores t the carnivores d List the omnivores e List the producers f List the primary consumers g List the secondary consumers Weasel Deer Mouse House Mousa Song Bird Salamander Snail Shrew WINTERRA PEONTOLD Caterpillar

al Pyramids A pyramid of biomass shows the mass of all of the organisms in each trophic level of an ecosystem Look at the biomass pyramid to the right Based on the data shown how many kilograms of plant matter would be needed to support the other trophic levels in this ecosystem Enter Text Here

Select the correct answer from the drop down menu John decided to move from agriculture to the manufacturing sector He abandoned his farm and shifted to a city After a few years when John visited his farm he found the land covered with goose grass A few years later the land was covered with small shrubs John s land has been covered with maple trees for many years now V succession occurred on John s land and the maple trees represent the community

Select the correct answer On what basis is ecological succession classified into primary and secondary O A OB C OD the type of plant communities involved the animal species inhabiting the area the time required for the succession to occur the reason the succession started and how it started

22 Drag each option to the correct location on the image Classify the events as autogenic or allogenic succession k a volcanic eruption wiping out an entire island oak trees preventing the growth of smaller sun seeking shrubs A soybean crop helping in nitrogen fixation leading to the development of other species Autogenic A tsunami devastating all the living organism in a habitat Allogenic

8 Type the correct answer in the box Spell all words correctly In his science project Ben explained the pyramid of energy with an example of the population of birds and the insects they feed on Can he invert the pyramid to show the flow of energy Ben invert the pyramid of energy

Select the correct text Which of the following is the correct definition of biomass the total amount of organic matter from plants and animals in a habitat all materials that form from the remains of living organisms hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides that are released when materials are burned

Select the correct answer from each drop down menu Which terms complete the sentence given below In an ecosystem sheep are grazing animals that eat grass and clovers This interaction is called bears This interaction is called Sheep serve as food for

Select the correct answer Identify the correct statement A B O c O D E Early colonizing species in a habitat are called climax species The outcome of primary succession is water Secondary succession occurs at a slower rate than water Primary succession occurs in a habitat that has never been colonized by any species before The classification into primary and secondary is based on when the succession started

Select the correct answer A team of researchers is diving to the ocean floor to study seaweed and fungi Which zone of the ocean are they going to explore A abyssal B intertidal pelagic OD benthic OE deep C

Select the correct answer Rachel and her family live in a region where cacti short grasses and small bushes flourish In which biome do they live OA B O c desert temperate deciduous forest rainforest OD coniferous forest

Select the correct answer Which of these is an abiotic factor O A plants OB animals O C microorganisms O D temperature OE fungus

Select the correct answer Nutrients in the soil aid the process of energy production through photosynthesis In this example between which two spheres is energy exchanged O A OB biosphere to atmosphere biosphere to geosphere geosphere to biosphere hydrosphere to biosphere E hydrosphere to atmosphere C D

Select all the correct answers A team of marine biologists have discovered certain rare species of dolphins and whales With which organization can they share their findings to h save these species SERI NREL IPCC EPA MMPA

Select the correct answer Several people in Kate s town began suffering from a common disease over the past month Kate approached a group of environmental scientists to help solve the problem Which field subject can help the environmental scientists address the issue A B epidemiology mathematics O c astronomy OD chemistry OE physics

The sea heats and cools O 1 three times a day 2 more slowly than the land 3 more quickly than the land and more slowly than the land 4 at the same rate as the land 5 more quickly than the land

How does DDT in the environment affect many birds 1 chronic liver failure in adults O2 neurological degeneration 3 decreased reproductive rate 4 stunted growth of chicks

What is the most accurate statement about temporal variation of plant biomass of a community 1 It decreases as species richness decreases 2 It decreases as species diversity increases 3 It does not correlate with species richness or diversity 4 It increases as species richness increases 5 It increases as species diversity increases

Biogeochemical cycles 1 all chemical elements plus light energy O2 None of the answers are correct 3 the movement of chemicals through ecosystems O 4 just those nutrients that are limiting for organisms 5 the nutrients used solely by primary producers

Unit 13 Plant system Homeostasis 1 What two types of reaction occur in photosynthesis 2 What are the reactants and products of Reaction 1 3 What are the reactants and products of Reaction 2 4 The root hair in a plant structure is important for what function Unit 15 Matter and Energy flow in ecosystem 1 What are nitrogen fixing bacteria and what dop they do 2 Carbon is stored in the form of Unit 16 Ecosystem relationship Firstloval consumer Primary producer Third lovel consumar Second level consumer Light Energy 0 1 1 10 100 Ol Heal Heal Chemical Energy Heat Heal 1 If the Primary producers get 100 as shown in the pyramid why does the primar

12 Drag the tiles to the correct boxes to complete the pairs Match the correct terms to their descriptions a system in which only energy but not matter is exchanged part of geosphere that includes only soil frozen water in snow a thin layer between the troposphere and the stratosphere cryosphere tropopause closed system

7 Drag each option to the correct location on the image Match each of Earth s spheres to the materials that make up the sphere biosphere atmosphere geosphere hydrosphere

Chapter Matching Pages 182 189 Vocabulary On page 182 there are a variety of content vocabular words found in the left hand column on page 182 that are highlighted gray the words below with the proper definition or description Monopolistic Competition e 10 has been done Match 1 Scientific Advantage 2 Difference between competing products 3 Degrees of competition Same Industry 4 Few very large sellers dominate industry e Monopolistic Competition 10 5 Philosophy of no government interference f Geographic Monopoly 6 Illegal agreement among producers 7 Theoretical Market Structure g Product Differentiation h Nonprice Competition i Oligopoly j Collusion k Price Fixing 1 Monopoly m Laissez Faire n Natural Monopoly a Market Structure b Pure Competition c Industry d Perfect Competition 8 Group of firms producing similar products 9 Well Informed independent buyers sellers 10 Designer clothes cosmetics gourmet foods 11 Illegal agreement to change uniform price 12 Public Utility Companies 13 Competition ba on appearance not pric 14 Single Producer Imperfect Competition 15 Abgongo of other cellers in a region

All of the following are factors of production EXCEPT O automobiles people labor O capital land