15 You have isolated a novel compound from a soil bacterium

Last updated: 9/22/2023

15 You have isolated a novel compound from a soil bacterium and are hopeful that activity This compound will likely affect which cell structure and which type of microorganism 3 pts 3000 Daltons and in your assays it appears to bind to transpeptidase enzymes and inhibit their antibiotic In characterizing the structure of the compound you find it is a relatively large molecule A Peptidoglycan because it targets the enzyme that builds the cross bridges Gram positive bacteria because the peptidoglycan is easily accessible and the compound is too large to pass through the channel proteins in the Gram negative outer membrane B Peptidoglycan because it targets the peptide bond between the glycan and peptide Gram negative bacteria because the peptidoglycan is easily accessible and the compound is too large to pass through the channel proteins in the Gram positive outer membrane C Lipopolysaccharide LPS because it targets the enzyme that adds lipopolysaccharide to the membrane Gram negative bacteria which have LPS D Lipopolysaccharide because the size should disrupt the electrostatic interactions of LPS in the membrane Gram positive bacteria which have LPS 16 Armed with knowledge of what makes bacterial cells unique think about how you would design an effective antibiotic to target a Gram negative cell What part of the bacteria you would want to target How it will be selective for Gram negative bacteria over Gram positive bacteria and human cells 5 pts 17 Pick one of the following antibiotics fluoroquinolones that target enzymes involved in DNA synthesis tetracyclines that target the ribosome or vancomycin that targets glycopeptides in the cell wall Describe how a bacterial cell could become resistant to that antibiotic i e what in the cell would have to change to make a bacterium resistant 5 points crobial Growth 18 Match the phase of growth from this list lag log stationary death with the description below write the phase next to each description 2 pts A Cells are synthesizing enzymes and other molecules needed for growth no net change in cell density lag phase B Cells are dividing and some cells are dying nutrients are depleted and waste materials accumulate no net change in cell density C Cells are dying more than dividing and nutrients are completely depleted Death phase D Cells are dividing more than dying and nutrients are plentiful with few waste products