Birthdays of hockey players: In Malcolm Gladwell's book

Last updated: 7/9/2022

Birthdays of hockey players: In Malcolm Gladwell's book Outliers, he shares the work of Canadian psychologist Roger Barnsley, who noticed that a disproportionately high percentage of elite ice-hockey players have birthdays between January and March. A group of statistics students would like to test if this is true for the Los Angeles Kings 2010-2015 rosters (22 out of 57). After debating whether this set of hockey players can be viewed as a random sample of hockey players, they decide to run a hypothesis test anyway to practice finding the P-value. They test the hypotheses Ho: p = 0.25 versus Ha p > 0.25. The P-value is small enough to reject the null hypothesis. Which of the following is an appropriate conclusion (if we assume the sample is random)? The data provides strong evidence to conclude that the proportion of LA Kings hockey players who have birthdays between January and March is greater than 0.25. The data does not provide strong evidence to conclude that the proportion of LA Kings hockey players who have birthdays between January and March is greater than 0.25. The data provides strong evidence to conclude that the proportion of LA Kings hockey players who have birthdays between January and March is equal to 0.25. The probability that the proportion of LA Kings hockey players who have birthdays between January and March is greater than 0.25. is equal to the level of significance, 0.05.