During a fight-or-flight response, epinephrine is released

Last updated: 7/8/2022

During a fight-or-flight response, epinephrine is released into the body's circulatory system and transported throughout the body. Some cells exhibit a response to the epinephrine while other cells do not. Which of the following justifies the claim that differences in components of cell signaling pathways explain the different responses to epinephrine? a. Cell signaling depends on the ability to detect a signal molecule. Not all cells have receptors for epinephrine. Only cells with such receptors are capable of responding. b. Cell signaling depends on the transduction of a received signal by the nervous system. Not all cells are close enough to a synapse to receive the signal and respond. c. Cell signaling depends on the signal being able to diffuse through the cell membrane. Epinephrine is incapable of diffusing through some plasma membranes because of the membrane's phospholipid composition. d. Cell signaling requires reception, transduction, and response. All cells can receive epinephrine, all cells respond with a pathway, but only select cells have the proper coding in their DNA to respond.