Introduction to Physiology Questions and Answers

During muscle contraction myosin cross bridges attach to which active sites Omyosin filaments Othick filaments OZ discs

in facilitated diffusion net flux of a solute depends on O ATP availability in the cell O Concentration gradient of a solute Difference in affinity on the intracellular vs extracellular side of the carrier protein O Type of G protein associated with the carrier protein

Match the following in the correct order that gram staining is performec heat fix I add the decolorizer blot dry add the primary stain add the counterstain

Aging is occurring much more rapidly in less developed regions than it did in the United States and other already aging countries The pattern may seem counterintuitive since developing regions have much higher fertility and younger populations than the developed nations How is this possible that they can grow older so much faster Select all that are true O Migration happened at a slower rate in the less developed nations but were not followed by a decline in morality Improvements in migration happened faster in the less developed nations and typically followed a decline in morality O The primary explanation is that the improvements in mortality happened more slowly in the developed nations and typically followed a decline in fertility

Which is true about histamine It is an amine messenger It is a hormone O it is lipophilic OIt is synthesized in the mitochondria

Population pyramids often take on one of three basic stylized shapes each of which distinguishes demographic patterns and other aspects of social life A true pyramid is characteristic of young countries with high fertility and high mortality a rectangular pyramid shows the effects of sustained very low fertility and very low morality and a classic pyramid shape or beehive shape reflects a pattern of low mortality and fertility Which pyramid is most desirable for a society O True pyramid O Rectangular pyramid O Each pyramid represents a different set of challenges therefore one is not more desirable than the other Classic pyramid Beehive shape

Saltatory conduction can be synonymously used with the term efferent O Falle

APR interval longer than 200 msec is a diagnostic indicator of Oheart block O myocaridal infarct O low blood pressure Oliver disease

Which medicine s practices and therapies include prayer healing and cleansing ceremonies religious rituals cultural rites medicinal herbs hot and cold foods animals and animal parts or by products O Folk medicine O Traditional medicine Modern medicine

9 Explain the role of coenzyme A What does this substance do once it has made its delivery

What is the specific membrane bound enzyme present in this figure O Tyrosine kinase O Cyclooxygenase Protein kinase A O Adenylate cyclase Transmitter substance Receptor G protein CAMP Figure 1 Channel Effector function Gate

The discovery of natural causes of disease led to improvements in public health measures that emphasized unhealthy social conditions and lifestyles that also could lead to a host of negative health outcomes O True False

Disease presents through either signs or symptoms What are some examples of signs O Ignoring observed body changes self medicating or simply doing nothing O Pain dizziness queasiness sadness anxiety and confusion O Body temperature heart rate respiration brain waves a broken bone

Why would an impaired soldier who has been fitted with a prosthetic limb who has received adequate physical and occupational therapy not be considered handicapped O If the soldier is under 65 years of age they are not considered handicapped O Because they can resume a normal life with complete or nearly complete mobility Some can even return to military duty after they recover The soldier is still missing a limb therefore they are considered disabled and unable to have a normal social role in society

6 Explain the difference between NAD and NADH What is the form of energy

Can you think of any other mammal that is naked sweats and has a body surface area that is expressed in square meters instead of square inches

large in terms of size and it is shallow that make it easy to bacter o observe growth of the subjects such as 2 What are bacteria using for nutrients in nutrient agar The peptone is the source of nitrogen or Protein that acts as a source of aminooods For bacteria The beef extract is Primary source of carbon which is essential for Formation of carbohydrates in the la grow What is the purpose of the agar Agar is often used to Feed and bacteria and other microbes It serves as a nutrient rich Culture CRITICAL THINKING 1 Did all the organisms living in or on the environments sampled grow on your nutrient agar Briefly explain nutrient agar medium Some bacteria microbes Cannot grow on Some of these may need very entical Food source which is hot Present in nutrient agar 2 How could you determine whether the turbidity in your nutrient broth tube was from a mixture of different microbes or from the growth of only one kind of microbe CLINICAL APPLICATION The effectiveness of sanitation procedures in hospitals is determined by sampling surfaces for bacteria Samples can be taken by rubbing a sterile moistened cotton swab on a surface and inoculating a nutrient agar plate or with a Rodac environmental sampling plate The 67 mm Rodac plates are designed so that an agar medium can be over filled producing a dome shaped surface that can be pressed onto a surface for sampling microbes As the sanitation control officer you test each method to determine which you will use What can you conclude from these results Swab onto nutrient agar Rodac plate containing Number of Plates with Colonies 5 5 Number of Plates Inoculated 50 40 Loctenas

Which loses more heat to the environment warm skin or cold skin

What Gas is Produced by Respiring Pea Seads Plants also produce ATP aerobically and anaerobically They carry out aerobic respiration in the presence of free oxygen whereas anaerobic respiration is carried out when they are deprived of oxygen Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria We will carry out a simple experiment to demonstrate that carbon dioxide is released by germinating seeds during aerobic respiration For this experiment we ll be needing the pea seeds pre soaked in water dry seeds and two identical flasks with rubber plugs Watch the video Carbon dioxide is produced during respiration that explains how to conduct the experiment that investigates gas production during aerobic respiration in pea plants here https www 3cmediasolutions org privid 384966 key 6295f7ceb46d7470d39f7dbee0b524bcfd4df905 1 Describe your observations

1 Give an overall equation for cellular respiration labeling reactants and products

Name the specific area responsible for perception of gustation

Match each type of respiration to its respective final electron acceptor fermentation aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration A oxygen B oxygen containing ions C organic compounds

If we begin cellular 4 In Glycolysis the suffix lysis means to respiration by breaking down one six carbon glucose molecule what will the products of glycolysis be

F Imagine that you have just run a very fast 5 0 kilometer race Your legs are cramping badly and your breathing is very heavy Someone tells you the cramps are from a build up of lactic acid in your muscles Some 10 15 minutes later your cramps are gone and your breathing has returned normal How did the deep breathes relate to ridding your legs of cramps

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the semicircular canals O They relay information regarding acceleration by monitoring the directional movement of fluid within the canals O They relay information regarding acceleration by monitoring the directional movement of the otolithic membrane within the canals O They relay information regarding acceleration due to gravity by monitoring the directional movement of fluid within the canals O They relay information regarding acceleration due to gravity by monitoring the directional movement of the otolithic membrane

What is the difference between static and dynamic equilibrium Static equilibrium monitors any movement from a static position while dynamic monitors movement while you re moving Static equilibrium monitors applied force due to gravity while dynamic monitors acceleration along any of three directions axes

Define adaptation Explain the difference between tonic and phasic receptors Edit Form Tabl

Does the data in Tables 1 and 2 provide good evidence of an appropriate negative feedback response WHY

Question 14 Which of the following describes the role of lingual papillae in gustation Some are used to detect taste some are used to detect texture Papillae increase friction between the tongue and food to better grip what we re eating All papillae allow for greater detection of food texture

4 Why does management dislike pyramiding of overtime

1 Why must labor and management be able to accurately determine the cost of wage

Which of the following is not considered a special sense O Olfaction O Gustation O Vision O Proprioception A

Briefly explain the structures involved in the detection of static equilibrium Identify any and all structures responsible for this ense and explain how they work to monitor static equilibrium

O dendrites axon Onucleus Osynaptic end bulb Question 21 Which of the following is not a method used by the body to cease synaptic signal transmission O diffusion of neurotransmitters away from the synaptic cleft O enzymatic degradation of excess neurotransmitters O deployment of tiny microscopic bombs into the synaptic cleft W 1 pts

Which of the following is the best synonym or synonymous phrase for integration separation summation blend O evaluation

Which of the following describes an EPSP O Excitatory Causes depolarization of a post synaptic cell Excitatory Causes hyperpolarization of a post synaptic cell Inhibitory Causes hyperpolarization of a post synaptic cell Inhibitory Causes depolarization of a post synaptic cell

7 Fill in the blank The is the site for the generation of the formed elements of blood

4 Which portion of blood is measured to determine the hemocrit off o bactorial infection th

2 Of the components of blood which are the formed elements

s assign 5 Fill in the blank If a person is fighting off a bacterial infection the concentration of circulating should increase

On which anatomical region of a neuron would you find the following type of channel Voltage gated potassium Oaxon O synaptic end bulb Odendrites nucleus Question 2

In which portion of the blood would you look for antibodies

6 If there is cell damage reported by endothelium cells which formed element increases their activity

What type of information is carried by the Spinothalamic tract Sensory Motor

Which of the following best defines a reflex a sequence of events used to identify a pathology a predictable contraction of skeletal muscle in response to a specific stimulus a fast predictable response to a specific stimulus

An EPSP will cause an action potential if there aren t any IPSPs to block it O the EPSP depolarizes the entire neuron EPSPs always cause an action potential O the EPSP depolarizes the cell to threshold

Identify the specific type of synapse found at the neuromuscular junction NMJ based on the neurotransmitter used

In this reflex integration occurs across the spinal cord Question 41 Name the type of reflex given the following description

Question 30 Which of the following best describes a spinal cord segment the area of the spinal cord a nerve innervates O a segment refers to the different areas of the spinal cord containing different tracts and columns the portion of a spinal cord in which one pair of spinal nerves enters and exits arom f the final our coper prons of the rain

Name the 4 plexuses of spinal nerves branching from the spinal cord Explain roughly which areas of the body are innervated by each plexus