Biology Questions

Why is a beneficial trait likely to become more widespread in a population O A Individuals with the beneficial trait are more likely to survive and reproduce passing on the trait to offspring O B Individuals born without the beneficial trait will develop it and their offspring will then inherit it C Individuals without the beneficial trait will selectively mate with individuals that do have the trait D Individuals with the beneficial trait will pass it on to their mates to ensure that their offspring are born with it

Which statement is true about natural selection A It acts on a population as a whole B It causes allele frequencies in a population to remain the same C It can act on a single individual or a group of individuals D It causes the alleles in an individual to become more favorable

How is diversity related to the survival of a species A As an environment changes individuals of a species can change their genes to be more diverse B A species with a high level of diversity does not adjust to environmental changes well C As an environment changes diversity in a species increases decreasing the species chances of survival D The less diverse a species is the less likely it is to survive environmental changes

Caribou usually live in large groups called herds that travel together How would an individual caribou most likely be affected if it did not live in a group OA It would be more likely to survive due to its freedom to move to a new habitat OB It would be less likely to survive due to competition for resources C It would be less likely to survive due to being more vulnerable to predators D It would be more likely to survive due to its ability to hide from danger

Many coastal ecosystems on islands have only a small amount of land that can support the growth of new trees A tree that is well suited to a coastal ecosystem is likely to have which structural adaptation OA Seeds that need little water to germinate B Seeds that can float on water OC Flowers that bloom during the driest season D Flowers that can be pollinated by only one type of bird

Question Listen What structure is labeled as 8 7 2 3 6 Axon O Voltage gated calcium channel Potassium Postsynaptic membrane 7 Acetylcholine Calcium Synaptic vesicle Presynaptic membrane Sodium Acetylcholine receptor 5 8 9 10 11 M Page 6 of 10

Question 4 of 22 Anoles a type of lizard can have green or brown skin The circle graphs show the percentage for each color in an original population and the same population several generations later Original Anole Population Brown anoles 40 Green anoles 60 Anole Population after Several Generations Brown anoles 20 Green anoles 80 Which situation could explain the change in the population s genetic makeup A A drought killed off the green plants B A rainy season increased the number of green plants in the area C The brown anoles outcompeted the green anoles for food D A predator that targets green anoles moved into the area PREVIOUS

3 a 5 21 PEOPPOVOODPOR 4 6 The function is not currently known Phagocytic cells that protect the CNS Synthesize cerebrospinal fluid create currents to move cerebrospinal fluid around the CNS O Insulate axons of neurons in the PNS Anchor neurons and blood vessels in place control the chemical environment around neurons help neuron development Insulate axons of neurons in the CNS

What is the function description of Unipolar neurons The neuron has no dendrites and one axon Transmit impulses toward the CNS Membrane depolarizations that spread over a long distance and get reinforced the further they travel along a membrane Make the resting membrane potential more negative The neuron has one dendrite and one axon Membrane depolarizations that spread over a short distance and do not get reinforced the further they travel along a membrane Carry impulses away from the CNS Shuttle signals through CNS pathways Make the resting membrane potential less negative The neuron has two or more dendrites and one axon

The photo shows a group of snails of a single species with several different shell patterns and colors The snails are preyed on by birds Suppose the environment changes so that the snails are surrounded by lighter colored rocks What is most likely to happen to this snail population A The number of lighter colored snails will increase because they will be harder for birds to see on lighter colored rocks OB The shell colors and patterns will stay the same because one is not more beneficial than the others in the new environment OC The number of brown snails will increase because birds are less likely to eat them because they are small D The population will disappear because snails with any of the shell PREVIOUS

Which of the following structures in the inner ear is essential for maintaining static equilibrium A cochlea B utricle C saccule hale

Question 1 of 22 What are three possible outcomes of natural selection when an environment changes A Individuals change their traits to adapt B The number of individuals in a species increases C A species goes extinct D A new species emerges over time SUBMIT

Taste receptors are found primarily on the tongue but may also be found A in the olfactory epithelium B throughout the nasal passages C in the soft palate and pharynx

What is the relationship between the accuracy of a subject s tactile localization and the results of the two point discrimination test A B Areas with the least accurate touch localization have the smallest two point thresholds Areas with the most accurate touch localization have the smallest two point thresholds C Areas with the most accurate touch localization have the largest two point thresholds and areas with the least accurate touch localization have the smallest two point thresholds D Areas with the most accurate touch localization have the largest two point thresholds

ervates skeletal muscles B is under conscious control OC serves smooth muscle cardiac muscle and glands D serves the same organs as the somatic nervous system Question 7 1 point 4 Listen This division of the ANS increases motility and secretion in the digestive tract OA sympathetic OB parasympathetic

OA the parasympathetic division of the ANS OB the somatic nervous system OC both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS OD the sympathetic division of the ANS Question 9 1 point 4 Listen The ganglia of the parasympathetic division of the ANS are located OA in two trunks or chains one on each side of the vertebral column B within the walls of or close to the organs served OC in a collateral or prevertebral ganglion in two trunks or chains one on each side of the vertebral column and in a

This part of the ANS causes erection and ejaculation in the male reproductive system A sympathetic OB B parasympathetic C both sympathetic and parasympathetic

A cervical OB sacral OC thoracic OD lumbar limb issue from this enlargement of the spinal cord Question 5 1 point 4 Listen In addition to its role in spinal reflex activity the spinal cord also A perceives sensation OB is associated with consciousness OC controls movement of the limbs nd motor tracts traveling to and from higher pervous

OA flexion of the knee OB dorsiflexion of the foot OC extension of the knee D adduction of the thigh Question 3 1 point Listen There are OA 1 B 2 OC 3 enlargements of the spinal cord

A gaps of Schwann OB myelinated fibers OC outer collar of perinuclear cytoplasm D myelin sheath gaps Question 2 1 point Listen A bundle of axons in the CNS is called a A connective corridor B path of white matter C nerve D tract

this division of the nervous system OA somatic division of the peripheral nervous system OB autonomic nervous system ANS C central nervous system CNS OD peripheral nervous system PNS Question 8 1 point Listen What is the function of the corpora quadrigemina OA They are reflex centers for visual and auditory stimuli OB They are important for the sense of taste OC They C They are important for maintaining balance OD They are olfactory relay centers

OA satellite cells OB astrocytes OC oligodendrocytes OD Schwann cells Question 4 1 point 4 Listen These nervous system cells are highly specialized to transmit messages throughout the body OA astrocytes OB oligodendrocytes OC microglial cells

A synaptic cleft OB initial segment OC axon terminal OD axon hillock Question 6 1 point Listen Coordination of skeletal muscle activity is one of the functions of the cerebellum Another is OA processing sensory information from the integument OB control of balance and equilibrium OC relaying visual information to the primary visual cortex

They form dermatomes Damage to one spinal nerve will not cause paralysis of a limb muscle It ensures all areas of the body are innervated Question 6 1 point Listen ses Spinal reflexes cannot occur without the higher brain centers being directly involved hence why we can consciously modify reflexes True

that allow communication between the various parts of the CNS spinal nerves gray matter cranial nerves white matter Question 6 1 point Listen descend to the spinal cord without synapsing and regulate skill movements lower motor neurons ascending tracts pyramidal tracts

Place the following steps of peripheral nerve regeneration in the correct order Macrophages clean debris in the injury site The injured axon fragments and starts to degenerate distally from the injury Schwann cells release growth factors to encourage the axon to grow They also form a regeneration tube to guide the regenerating axon across the gap The axon regenerates The Schwann cells produce a new myelin sheath Schwann cells secrete chemicals to recruit macrophages

Which type of reflex is monosynaptic and responds to an increase in muscle length flexor reflex stretch reflex superficial reflex

Match the receptor to the type of stimulus that it responds to Nociceptors Photoreceptors Chemoreceptors Mechanoreceptors Thermoreceptors 1 touch pressure vibration and stretch 2 changes in temperature 3 light energy 4 chemicals 5 pain causing stimuli

00 are receptors in skeletal muscles tendons joints ligaments and connective tissue coverings of bones and muscles respond to stretch inform the brain of one s movements all of the above Question 3 1 point 4 Listen People can vary in their tolerance to pain but they will all perceive pain at the same threshold of stimulus intensity True

Match the disease to its correct description Alzheimer s disease Poliomyelitis Huntington s disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Parkinson s disease 1 2 3 Progressive degenerative disease that results in dementia Progressive and debilitative disorder resulting in the degeneration of dopamine releasing neurons of the substantia nigra which leads to uncontrollable firing of the target neurons 4 5 Progressive and fatal hereditary disorder leading to the degeneration of basal nuclei and the cerebral cortex Destruction of ventral horn motor neurons by poliovirus leading to paralysis and muscle atrophy Progressive disease that leads to death through gradual loss of motor functions due to the destruction of yentral horn motor neurons

Most dreaming occurs during Non Rapid Eye Movement NREM sleep True False Question 3 1 point Listen Hydrocephalus is when there is abnormal accumulation of CSF in the brain ventricles leading to increased brain pressure always untreatable a type of traumatic brain injury when there is abnormal accumulation of blood in the brain leading to increased

Life Cycle Resulting structure from meiosis Occurrence of mitosis Plants Anl

10 How can you tell a eudicot SEED from a monocot SEED II Fill in the tables 2 points each Plant Fern Moss Plant Flowering Plant Pine Dominant Generation Dominant Generation Life Cycle Resulting structure from meiosis Plants Vascular tissue Present or Absent Vascular Tissue Present or Absent Dispersal of offspring Flagellated sperm Animals Fruit Present or Absent Method of offspring dispersal

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view from different subdisciplines and representing diverse cultures Scientists can coordinate with others to conduct experiments in similar ways People need to exchange their ideas with other disciplines and cultures because everyone has a right to an opinion in science This is a way of ensuring that everyone gets the same results Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific

an oxidation reduction reaction O The glucose molecule is reduced The glucose molecule is an oxidizing agent The glucose molecule is hydrolyzed The glucose molecule is oxidized Question 46 5 points 4Listen High levels of citric acid inhibit the enzyme phosphofructokinase a key enzyme in glycolysis Citric acid binds to the enzyme at a different location from the active site This is an example of O allosteric regulation positive feedback regulation competitive inhibition substrates

Which of the following membrane activities requires energy from ATP hydrolysis facilitated diffusion of chloride ions across the membrane through a chloride channel movement of glucose molecules into a bacterial cell from a medium containing a higher concentration of glucose than inside the cell O movement of Nations from a lower concentration in a mammalian cell to a higher concentration in the extracellular fluid movement of carbon dioxide out of a paramecium

modifications to proteins would most likely cause defects in which of the following organelles or structures mitochondria and Golgi apparatus Golgi apparatus and extracellular matrix nuclear pores and secretory vesicles nuclear matrix and extracellular matrix Question 44 5 points Listen In mitochondria an electron transport chain pumps protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space whereas in chloroplasts an electron transport chain pumps protons from the Ostroma to the thylakoid space Othylakoid space to the matrix to the stroma

Listen A friend of yours calls to say that his car would not start this morning He asks for your help You say that you think the battery must be dead If so then jump starting the car from a good battery will solve the problem In doing so you are making observations to inspire a theory for why the car will not start comparing multiple hypotheses for why the car will not start stating a hypothesis and using that hypothesis to make a testable prediction testing a theory for why the car will not start

Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization A cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to carry out which of the following processes move vesicles within a cell extend pseudopodia divide in two contract muscle fibers

Listen Following a scientific method which of the following is the correct order of steps Observation Hypothesis Experiment Analysis Analysis Conclusion Communicate results Observation Experiment Analysis Hypothesis HE 1 Conclusion Communicate results Experiment Hypothesis Observation Analysis Conclusion Communicate results Observation k 1 Experiment Hypothesis 1 Communicate results Analysis

wing aspects of enzyme structure is best described by a clasping handshake analogy the specific manner in which an enzyme is denatured by low pH the specific manner in which an enzyme interacts with water the specific manner in which an enzyme binds substrate the specific manner in which an enzyme folds to form secondary and tertiary structures Question 37 5 points 4 Listen Which of the following is true when comparing an uncatalyzed reaction to the same reaction with a catalyst The catalyzed reaction will have higher activation energy The catalyzed reaction will consume all of the catalyst The catalyzed reaction will have the same AG The catalyzed reaction will be slower

transmembrane proteins cholesterol integral membrane proteins peripheral membrane proteins Question 35 5 points Listen The synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation using the energy released by movement of protons across the membrane down their electrochemical gradient is an example of which of the following processes a reaction with a positive AG active transport allosteric regulation

An animal cell lacking carbohydrates on the external surface of its plasma membrane would likely be impaired in which function cell cell recognition attaching the plasma membrane to the cytoskeleton establishing a diffusion barrier to charged molecules transporting ions against an electrochemical gradient

Listen Which of the following processes is driven by chemiosmosis ATP hydrolysis reduction of NAD to NADH substrate level phosphorylation oxidative phosphorylation

Which of the following statements is a reasonable explanation for why unsaturated fatty acids help keep a membrane more fluid at lower temperatures Unsaturated fatty acids are more nonpolar than saturated fatty acids The double bonds form kinks in the fatty acid tails preventing adjacent lipids from packing tightly The double bonds block interaction among the hydrophilic head groups of the lipids Unsaturated fatty acids have a higher cholesterol content which prevents adjacent lipids from packing tightly

4 Listen What is the relationship between the wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon They are inversely related They are separate phenomena They have a direct linear relationship They are logarithmically related

Familial hypercholesterolemia is characterized by O a poorly formed lipid bilayer that cannot incorporate cholesterol into cell membranes inhibition of the cholesterol active transport system in red blood cells poor attachment of the cholesterol to the extracellular matrix of cells defective LDL receptors on the cell membranes

The evolution of eukaryotic cells most likely involved evolution of an endomembrane system and subsequent evolution of mitochondria from a portion of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum endosymbiosis of an oxygen using bacterium in a larger bacterial host cell the endosymbiont evolved into chloroplasts endosymbiosis of an oxygen using bacterium in a larger bacterial host cell the endosymbiont evolved into mitochondria O endosymbiosis of a photosynthetic archaeal cell in a larger bacterial host cell to escape toxic oxygen the anaerobic archaea evolved into chloroplasts

Which of the following processes generates a proton motive force in mitochondria O pumping of hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space O the reduction of NAD by the first electron carrier in the electron transport chain Olowering of pH in the mitochondrial matrix the flow of protons through ATP synthase down their concentration gradient

Vinblastine a drug that inhibits microtubule polymerization is used to treat some forms of cancer Cancer cells given vinblastine would be unable to form cleavage furrows during cell division maintain the shape of the nucleus separate chromosomes during cell division migrate by amoeboid movement