Biology Questions

5 Kinetic data in which PAH activity is compared with and without preincubation with phenylalanine is shown in Figure 30 3 Give a structural basis for the interpretation of these data

H N CH 01 phenylalanine CH phenylpyruvate 02 tissue protein phenylalanine hydroxylase H 0 BHA NADH H dietary protein NAD melanin epinephrine H N CH Phenylketonuria tyrosine CH OH thyroxine p hydroxyphenylpyruvate homogentisate maleylacetoacetate fumarylacetoacetate fumarate acetoacetate 10 The cause for the mental retardation associated with untreated PKU is not completely understood but it is believed to arise from the high concentration of phenylpyruvate which is a product of a transamination reaction with phenylalanine and a ketoglutarate The phenylpyruvate is believed to be toxic to the developing brain Write the balanced equation for the transamination of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate and include the structures of the reactants and products Identify any cofactors needed

10 The cause for the mental retardation associated with untreated PKU is not completely understood but it is believed to arise from the high concentration of phenylpyruvate which is a product of a transamination reaction with phenylalanine and a ketoglutarate The phenylpyruvate is believed to be toxic to the developing brain Write the balanced equation for the transamination of phenylalanine to phenylpyruvate and include the structures of the reactants and products Identify any cofactors needed to accomplish the reaction

Which of the following mechanisms is used to coordinate the expression of multiple related genes in eukaryotic cells OA given gene may have multiple enhancers but each enhancer is generally associated with only that gene and no other Environmental signals enter the cell and bind directly to promoters The genes are organized into a large operon allowing them to be coordinately controlled as a single unit A single repressor is able to turn off several related genes

A couple has a child with Down syndrome The mother is 39 years old at the time of delivery Which of the following is the most probable cause of the child s condition One member of the couple underwent nondisjunction in somatic cell production The mother had a chromosomal duplication The woman inherited this tendency from her parents One of the gametes in the mother most likely underwent nondisjunction during meiosis

Which of the following effects might be caused by reduced or very little active telomerase activity Cells may become cancerous Cells maintain normal functioning Telomere lengthens in germ cells Cells age and begin to lose function

Listen What type of synovial joint is labeled as 6 and what is its range of motion 1 3 5 P inint Nonaxial 2 4 6

What structure is labeled as 1 5 7 8 Postsynaptic membrane T tubule Presynaptic membrane Acetylcholine receptor Potassium Acetylcholinesterase Axon terminal Synaptic vesicle Calcium Synaptic cleft Sodium Acetylcholine 6030 2 6 10 11 4 12

A motor unit is A a group of linked muscle cells OB a period of time during muscle contraction C all the axons of nerve cells that innervate a muscle D a single motor neuron and all the muscle cells it innervates

A superficial muscle of the leg this one dorsiflexes the foot OA fibularis longus B gastrocnemius C soleus D tibialis anterior

8 Patients with the disease PKU tend to have blue eyes fair hair and very light skin Explain why

More than 60 different mutant PAH genes have been identified in PKU patients State in general what effect the following changes in the DNA would have on the resulting protein Be specific I

Which kinds of synovial joints can move in two and only two planes of the body A condyloid B ball and socket OC hinge D pivot AAAAA

Each of the elements that make up a skeletal muscle is surrounded by connective tissue Which words below correctly pair the connective tissue layer with the corresponding muscle structure A entire muscle epimysium B functional group of muscles endomysium C fascicle perimysium D muscle fiber deep fascia

A neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates is called a A myoneural junction B synaptic cleft C fascicle D motor unit

At the neuromuscular junction the electrical signal of the nerve A is sent directly to muscle B causes the axon terminal to release Na and K OC causes the axon terminal to release acetylcholine ACh D stimulates formation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine ACh

The structural classification of joints is based on OA the location of the joint in the axial skeleton B the type of connective tissue between the articulating bones C the amount of movement permitted at the joint D the shape of the articulating bones

An aponeurosis is A a disease of the neuromuscular junction B a structural part of the interior of muscle cells OC a covering of the myoneural region D similar to a tendon in function

The function of the neuromuscular junction is to OA connect sensory neurons directly to muscle B stimulate or inhibit the activity of skeletal muscles OC convey a signal from the nervous system to skeletal muscle D link nerve endings to muscle to protect the nerve structurally

What is true about the movement properties of the following joints OA Some synovial joints are freely movable others are immovable B Cartilaginous joints are freely movable C All synovial joints are freely movable D Fibrous joints permit no movement

Which of these joints moves in only two planes A hip B metacarpophalangeal C elbow D shoulder

This bone is commonly called the kneecap OA patella OB pelvic OC petrous D pectoral

These bones form the pectoral girdle A femur and coxal bone OB humerus and scapula C clavicle and scapula D coxal bones

muscle cells consist of branched uninucleate cells with junctions called intercalated discs 4 A Smooth B Connective C Cardiac D Skeletal

Skin color can indicate certain disease states A reddened flushed face might indicate A liver disease B Addison s disease C hypertension fever or embarrassment D poor oxygen in the blood due to lung disease

This layer of the dermis is responsible for fingerprints A areolar layer B deep stratum basale OC papillary layer D reticular layer

From deep to superficial the layers of the epidermis of thin skin are A stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum basale B stratum spinosum stratum basale stratum corneum stratum granulosum stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum granulosum stratum corneum D stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum corneum stratum hacalo

This accessory organ of the skin is composed primarily of dead keratinized cells A eccrine gland B apocrine gland C hair D sebaceous gland

Which muscle tissue type is controlled voluntarily A cardiac and smooth B smooth C cardiac OD skeletal

Epithelial cells are specialized to A protect support and bind together other tissues B receive stimuli and conduct electrical signals to all parts of the body C secrete filter and absorb D actively contract

What is not true of connective tissue A Its matrix contains fibers B Its matrix is produced by the cells within the tissue C It contains both cells and noncellular nonliving material D All connective tissues contain elastic fibers

Which muscle is highlighted pronator teres flexor carpi radialis extensor carpi radialis brevis flexor digitorum superficialis Submit Request Answer LT VA 16 Life Size Muscle Torso 27 port 38 Scientific

On to which structure does the highlighted muscle insert Omedial epicondyle of ulna olecranon process of ulna LT M11 Deluxe Muscular Arm 6 part 3B Scientific head of radius

On to what common structure do both heads of the highlighted muscle insert O radial tuberosity of radius Ostyloid process of radius olecranon process of ulna lateral epicondyle of ulna LT M11 Deluxe Muscular Arm 6 part 3B Scientific Submit Request Answer

Which muscle is highlighted pronator teres supinator flexor digitorum profundus extensor digitorum Submit Request Answer LT M11 Deluxe Muscular Arm 6 part 3B Scientific

Which muscle is highlighted brachialis biceps brachii triceps brachii long head triceps brachii medial head Submit Request Answer LT M11 Deluxe Muscular Arm 6 part 3B Scientific P Pe

What is an action of the highlighted muscle extension hand at wrist abduction of thumb flexion of hand at wrist adduction of hand LT VA 16 Life Size Muscle Torso 27 part 38 Scientific

Which muscle is highlighted flexor carpi ulnaris extensor digiti minimi extensor carpi ulnaris anconeus LT VA 16 Life Size Muscle Torso 27 part 3B Scientific

medial knee Anterior left thigh Which structure is indicated by the arrow tensor fasciae latae lateral Ogracilis Oiliotibial tract

Which muscle is highlighted Opsoas major O pectineus Oiliacus copyright by somso 2010 www

Which muscle is highlighted fibularis longus soleus fibularis tertius tibialis anterior LT VA 16 Life Size Muscle Torso 27 part 38 Scientific PPE

Which muscle is highlighted semitendinosus Osemimembranosus gluteus medius Ogracilis copyright by somse 2010 www someo com P Pearson right 2023 Pearson Education Inc All rights reserved Terms of Use

Identify the highlighted muscle Submit Request Answer LT M11 Deluxe Muscular Arm 6 part 3B Scientific A Pearson 1595 fire Privacy Policy Permissions Contact

Which muscle is highlighted O pectoralis minor Oserratus anterior deltoid Orectus abdominis

Which muscle is highlighted gluteus minimus piriformis quadratus femoris latissimus dorsi

What muscle structure is continuous with the highlighted tissue tendon O epicardium O ligament O cartilage Submit Request Answer

Which muscle is highlighted biceps brachii latissimus dorsi O pectoralis major coracobrachialis g ccng stu ccng maandp stu help support bridge html LT VA 16 Life Size Muscle Torso 27 part 38 Scientific

Which muscle is highlighted teres major O triceps brachii O deltoid Oinfraspinatus 4 LT VA16 Life size Muscle Torso 27 part 3B Scientific P Pearson

What mechanism allows for a contraction of the highlighted cell O sliding filament O intercalated disc tight junction

Which structure is highlighted smooth muscle fibers circular layer O skeletal muscle fibers longitudinal section O skeletal muscle fibers cross section O cardiac muscle fibers longitudinal section P Pears