Cell: The Unit of Life Questions and Answers

A student wishes to test the hypothesis that adding antifreeze to water lowers the freezing point of water. What would be the dependent variable? Amount of antifreeze added to the water Type of thermometer used to measure the freezing point Temperature at which the water/antifreeze mixture freezes Amount of water put into a container

Which of the following would be considered a selective pressure on birds? The preferences of the opposite sex Their predators The temperature of their environment All of the above

Which ONE of the following correctly matches the organelle with its function? A. cell wall: produces energy for the cell B. nucleus: control center of the cell C. cell membrane: gives rigid structure to the plant cell D. chloroplasts: colorless, jelly-like substance that supports the other organelle

Which of the following is characteristic of apoptosis? (Mark all the apply. This question is negatively marked so do not guess) a. Cell swelling b. Loss of membrane integrity c. Plasma membrane blebbing d. Changes in plasma membrane asymmetry e. Shrinkage of cytoplasm

Where does the electron transport chain locate? Be very specific In prokaryotic cells: In eukaryotic cells: Where does the Proton Motive Force form? In prokaryotic cells: In eukaryotic cells:

Evaluate the following statements, and select those that apply to SARS-CoV-2, the enveloped virus responsible for COVID-19. Autoclaves are necessary to destroy SARS-CoV-2 viral particles from objects. SARS-CoV-2 represents one of the most resistant microbial forms. It is easier to control SARS-CoV-2 than rotavirus, a naked virus. Detergents and alcohols can be effectively used against this virus. Effective disinfectant, but not antiseptic, products exist for killing this virus SARS-CoV-2 represents one of the least resistant microbial forms.

[Term] is measured by how well the microscope will show two lines lying close together as two distinct lines. Magnification Refractive index Resolving power or resolution Reflective power Working distance

1. Which one of the following appendages CANNOT be used for motility? A. Flagella B. Axial filaments C. Fimbria D. Pili E. All these appendages are used for motility

What do mitochondria and chloroplats have in common? O Both exist in plants O Both contain 70S ribosomes O Both contain circular DNA O Both resemble bacteria in shape and size O All of the above

Which one/s of the following statement/s support/s the Endosymbiotic Theory? O Mitochondria and chloroplasts resemble bacteria in shape and size Mitochondria and chloroplasts have 70S ribosomes similar to the ones found in prokaryotes O Same antibiotics that inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria can inhibits protein synthesis in mitochondria and chloroplasts because they have similar ribosomes Mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA (like prokaryotes) and can reproduce independently of the cell All of the above

5. Which of the following statements is part of the Cell Theory? A. Living things are composed of cells B. Microorganisms are made of cells C. Maggots come from fly eggs D. Maggots come from rotten meat E. All living organisms arise from preexisting life

What is the effect of H+ accumulation in the intermembrane space?

Where would you find a sessile organism? drifting on ocean currents anchored to a rock swimming through the water crawling on the ground

A student assays a newly purchased enzyme by the standard procedure. He dissolves 50mg of the enzyme in 100 mL water and uses 10mL for the assay. He adds the enzyme to the substrate and collects absorbance data at specified intervals. Calculate the specific activity of the enzyme if at 5 minutes absorbance was 0.345 and at 10 min absorbance was 0.645. Standard curve equation was given as Y=0.238x. Show work to get full points

Plastids that are surrounded by more than two membranes are evidence of A) fusion of plastids. B) secondary endosymbiosis. C) evolution from mitochondria. D) origin of the plástids from archaea.

The transport of large substances out of the cell is accomplished by endocytosis. O True O False

Which organelle is unique to plant cells? O Central vacuole O Lysosome O Ribosome O Mitochondria

Which type of membrane transport involves the diffusion of water? O Active transport O Exocytosis O Osmosis O Endocytosis

Which of the following is not part of the composition of a cell membrane? Phospholipids Carbohydrates RNA Proteins

One key difference between plant and animal cells is that animal cells contain chloroplasts. O True O False

How is the nuclear membrane different from the plasma membrane? O The nuclear membrane is completely sealed, whereas the plasma membrane is not. O The nuclear membrane is flexible and fluid, whereas the plasma membrane is not. O The nuclear membrane has pores for certain molecules to pass through, whereas the plasma membrane does not. O The nuclear membrane has no proteins, whereas the plasma membrane has proteins.

Both plant and animal cells contain a cell wall. O True O False

Phospholipids spontaneously arrange themselves as a bilayer. Which is true of the structure of a lipid bilayer? O Head groups are exposed to the watery medium outside the cell O Head groups are exposed to the watery medium inside the cell O Tail groups face each other within the lipid bilayer O All of the above

All cells require a continuous supply of energy, commonly known as ATP. O True O False

What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell? O Mechanical support O Tracks for vesicle movement O Anchorage O All of the above

Chloroplasts produce sugar and carbon dioxide through photosynthesis. True False

If a plant cell had a damaged central vacuole, it would have difficulty performing what function? Storing water Converting light energy into sugar Converting sugar into cellular energy Assembling lipids

Consider the following geometric solids. A sphere with a ratio of surface area to volume equal to 0.15 m²¹. A right circular cylinder with a ratio of surface area to volume equal to 2.2 m²¹. What results would you expect if these two models were compared in a diffusion test? OA. The rate of diffusion would be the same for the two models. B. The rate of diffusion would be faster for the right cylinder. C. The rate of diffusion would be slower for the right cylinder. D. The rate of diffusion would be faster for the sphere.

Which of the following factors can influence the behavior of transcription factors when they are expressing a trait? Enzymes that regulate cell division. Signals from other cells. Frequency of protein formation. Temperature of the environment.

Inheritance and Expression of Traits:Question 1 What are codons? Select one: The molecules that bring amino acids to the translation location. The instructions to stop protein translation. The instructions to start protein translation. Groupings of nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid.

Site where genetic information becomes a protein. nucleus DNA ribosome plasma membrane smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A sort of "intermediate processing center" for proteins. Golgi complex mitochondria plasma membrane nucleus

Endogenous infectious agents arise from microbes that are A. in food B. the patient's own normal biota C. on fomites D. in the air E. transmitted from one person to another

Class I MHC genes code for _____ certain secreted complement components self receptors recognized by T lymphocytes all HLA antigens receptors located primarily on macrophages and B cells All of the choices are correct.