Evolution Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors CANNOT BE PRESENT for the Hardy Weinberg Principle to be true supported for a population A mutation OB Random Mating OC Unlimited infinite population size D All of the above

A population of monkeys lives in the jungle These monkeys vary in intelligence Some factors that affect intelligence are genetic and heritable such as brain size and complexity Intelligence helps individuals manage social relationships and a complex world Social relationships are important to individual survival and reproduction because they affect whether or not individuals are not picked on significantly if they develop friends for protection if they can navigate complex social relationships or if they can manage multiple sexual relationships without offending their established mate Intelligence also helps them to handle both the finding food and avoiding the predators in their environment Could natural selection be acting on this population of monkeys

5 out of 5 tion 27 How can Humans get over 80 000 different mRNA sequences which is how much we are known to make from just 20 000 genes roughly all we have in are genome

How can we figure out how much of a phenotyps is due to genetics and how much is due to environment In other words what type of study could accomplish this resarch Xgoal

Robots take over the earth and they artificially select for humans whic 0 out of 4 points After graduation you and 19 friends build a raft sail to a deserted island and start a new population totally isolated from the world Eight of your friends carry are Xheterozygous for the recessive allele for the cystic fibrosis gene Persons who are homozygous for this recessive allele have the disease cystic fibrosis What is the uestion 8

45 In a long term study of a population of gray squirrels researchers observed that most of the squirrels had gray fur However there were some individuals in the population with white fur albino Genetic analysis revealed that the albino condition is expressed by individuals who are homozygous recessive gg Over a ten year period the average frequency of albino squirrels in the population was 0 18 If the population is assumed to be in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium the average frequency of the dominant allele is closest to which of the following D 0 42 0 50 0 58 0 75

If baby mice that are born too big tend to decrease their mother s survival and baby mice that are born too small decrease their own survival but medium size baby mice do neither of these the type of selection that this will have on the population will be estion 5 Which of the following is the product of artificial selection stion 6 3 out of 3 points

frequency of this allele which you calculated does not change as the population grows what will be the instance of cystic fibrosis on your island In other words percent of your total population will have the cystic fibrosis disease phenotype Remember only those who have the homozygous recessive genotype have this disease phenotype estion 10 0 out of 4 selection because individuals who are In parts of the world which have low to no occurrence of the diseease Malaria the sickle cell allele experiences Xhomozygous for this sickle cell allele experience the sickle cell disease vascular system disturbance when oxygen levels in their blood decrease due Note in this environment heterozygous persons experience no benefits from being a carrier of this allele stion 11 0 out of 4

A population of 500 mice exists They are experiencing no sexual selection mutation natural selection or migration gene flow They are observed over 200 generations Does this population meet the requirements priori which are needed for the Hardy Weinberg Principle to be supported estion 3 Generally the effect of Genetic Drift is to genetic diversity 3 out of 3 points

What type of selection does the graph you drew represent Origine population Populidon ater natural selection 0 00 0 09 A Disruptive Speed 1x

What is the best classification of these structures Forelimbs of Different Mammals Human Dog C 0 00 0 18 Horse Bat SSEST A analogous structures B homologous structures Bird Speed 1x Seal Paused

List the five factors that can lead to evolution

Why do real populations rarely reach Hardy Weinberg equilibrium

What is a scientific definition for evolution A how modern organisms descended from older organisms B a group of organisms that live together and can reproduce together C something based on evidence and repeated experiments that can predict the outcome of a phenomena D a small change to a single organism in its lifetime

CLADOGRAM Hagfish Salamander Perch Lizard Jaws Pigeon Lungs Mouse Feathers 1 Name 1 organism that has fur and mammary glands ANS 2 Which organism does not have a jaw ANS 3 Name 1 characteristic that lizards and chimps share ANS Claws or nails Chimp When interpreting cladograms notice that there are characteristics that separate different types of organisms from each other Fur mammary glands Example The marker placement for Lungs indicates that Hagfish and Perches do NOT have lungs since they are below the marker All of the organisms on the other side of the marker DO have lungs 4 What characteristics do the salamander and mice share list 2 ANS

What is a common misconception of evolution A Evolution is a theory and there is evidence for it B Evolution was developed by Charles Darwin C Evolution is a slow process D Evolution is when apes stood up and developed into humans

The white cattail is a hybrid species of plant that is a result of the cross between the broad leaved cattail and the narrow leaved cattail Over time the white cattail has established itself in the wetlands of Midwestern states Which of these explains the success of the white cattail O Favorable genes from parental generations provide advantageous characteristics to the hybrid species O Hybridization produces offspring traits that allow different species to survive in extreme environments Inherited traits passed on from parental generations make hybrid species more susceptible to disease O Hybrid species display more adaptations due to their reduced genetic diversity

What do scientists call it when two or more genes determine an organism s trait A polygenic B controlled by one gene C mutated

among some organisms in the order Carnivora Order Carnivora Family Felidae Pig Canidae Whale Mustelidae TaxideaTaxidea taxus American badger Genus Panthera Hippo Species Whale Canis i Which organism in the order Carnivora is the most distantly related to the others Explain your answer 1 point Cow ii Scientists have found many genes that are consistent between Canis lupus and Canis latrans but a few genes that have shown differences between these two organisms However there are significantly more genetic differences between Canis lupus and Taxidea taxus How does this evidence support the way in which the three organisms are named How might other evidence be used to support the classification 2 points Panthera pardus leopard b Examine the cladogram and table below Each of the listed species contains a gene that codes for a protein called beta casein The table shows how each species sequence compares with the whale s sequence for that gene Evaluate whether the data support the cladogram If there are any inaccuracies explain how they can be corrected 3 points Canis latrans coyote 10 Canis lupus gray wolf 8 Giraffe Whale Evidence for Evolution Pig Cow Species Hippo Giraffe 9

1 Scientists study structures of organisms and compare them in order to find evidence that supports the theory of evolution a Define homologous structures and give an example of a set of homologous structures 3 points b How do homologous structures support the theory of evolution Support your answer using the example you provided in Part a 2 points

Which sentence describes how gene flow relates to speciation A Reduced gene flow causes differences to arise between populations which can lead to speciation B Speciation occurs when there is too much gene flow between two populations C Increased gene flow between populations allows more variation in individuals which can produce speciation D Populations must maintain constant gene flow in order for speciation to occur

Which sentence describes evidence from paleontology that supports the theory of evolution A All vertebrate embryos start off with eye spots a head a backbone and a tail OB Fossilized horseshoe crab brains look similar to those of modern horseshoe crabs OC All cells use ATP as a source of energy D Penguins and ostriches both have wings

The Dynamic Crust The Continents The images below represent the changing locations of continents on Earth s surface over time Using the images answer the questions to follow B e JURASSIC 135 million years ago B PERMIAN 225 million years ago Name ta CRETACEOUS 65 million years ago 7 What causes continental drift LAURA GONOW 1 What is the mass continent called in image A 2 What are the names of the two continents in image B and ITINYS TRIASSIC 200 million years ago AMERICA PRESENT DAY 3 How many massive continents are visible in image D 4 In image E which continent is not labeled 5 What is The Theory of Continental Drift use the images to explain 6 How long did it take for continental drift to occur How do you know Arso

Does gene flow increase or decrease genetic variation in populations

What does the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium describe

hat 5 conditions are necessary for Hardy Weinberg equilibrium to occur

Explain 2 processes in which genetic drift can occur

How does gene flow affect neighboring populations

List the 3 barriers that can lead to reproductive isolation

Connect to Prior Knowledge There are many different breeds of dogs but all dogs are still the same species Hypothesize on how a new species of dog could possibly arise

How does genetic variation increase the chance that some individuals will survive

What are the three ways in which natural selection can change a distribution of traits

Which of these statements about human evolution is true O a Chimpanzees are more closely related to humans than they are to bonobos O b Humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor O c Humans evolved from the bonobo Pan paniscus O d Neanderthals were a kind of chimpanzee O e Humans evolved from the chimpanzee Pan troglodytes

Explain how animal limbs such as wings of a butterfly and a bird developed similar functions but with different internal structures

Which of the following is true based on the Figure below Moeritherium Barytherium Hyracoidea Hyraxes Millions of years ago Sirenia Manatees and relatives Deinotherium Mammut Platybelodon Stegodon Mammuthus Elephas maximus Asia Loxodonta africana Africa Loxodonta cyclotis Africa 34 24 210 0 Years ago a Mantees have hybridised with hyraxes b The two species of African elephant are more closely related to each other than either is to mantees c During the evolution of elephants their tusks have got longer d Elephants have hybridised with mantees

Which of these factors best explains why evolution is typically faster in microbes than in multicellular organisms O a A segregated germline in multicellular organisms Ob Larger size in multicellular organisms c Sexual reproduction in multicellular organisms d Shorter generation times in microbes e Simpler cell structure in microbes

id birds retain any features from their theropod ancestors

ist some common structures found in both modern birds and Archaeopteryx

hat features between birds and theropods would be considered homologous structures

Offer a possible evolutionary explanation for how the bones of animal limbs can have a similar structure but very different functions

List some common structures found in both modern birds and Archaeopteryx

Rather than flight what do scientists think feathers initially evolved for

Low can a bat s wing be considered both a homologous and an analogous structure

ertebrae hair ated bony skeleton amnio four limbs ve Punnett Square d Carb are most closely related Use the information below to answer the questions that follow p q 1 and p 2pq q 1 A population of honey badgers has some variation in the length of their claws There are some badgers with longer claws who have the dominant allele either genotype CC or Cc and there are shorter clawed badgers who are homozygous recessive cc There are a total of 100 badgers in the breeding population Remember All answers are given as frequencies and should be rounded as stated below 8 Identify q from the information shared in the problem above answer to hundredth position LB 9 Based on this information identify q answer to tenth position 10 Based on this information identify p answer to tenth position 11 What is p for the population answer to hundredth position 12 What is the 2pq for the population answer to hundredth position 0 0

p q 1 and p 2pq q 1 A population of honey badgers has some variation in the length of their claws There are some badgers with longer claws who have the dominant allele either genotype CC or Cc and there are 64 shorter clawed badgers who are homozygous recessive cc There are a total of 100 badgers in the breeding population Remember All answers are given as frequencies and should be rounded as stated below 8 Identify q from the information shared in the problem above answer to hundredth position Lym 9 Based on this information identify q answer to tenth position 1 10 Based on this information identify p answer to tenth position 00000 11 What is p for the population answer to hundredth position 12 What is the 2pq for the population answer to hundredth position

4 5 a 6 Natural Selection acts directly on b Allele frequencies m k ollam c Mutations Genes d Phenotypes All the genes with all alleles present in a certain population of organisms is a Genetic drift b Founder effect c Natural selection d Gene Pool In a moth population the allele frequency of a gene for white color changes from 80 percent to 29 percent What can you say about that population of moths a The population is not evolving c The population is evolving b The population is decreasing d The population is expanding

Why are fossils such as Archaeopteryx considered transitional fossils

How have the scientific fields of genetics and paleontology combined to add to our understanding of evolution

22 23 Identify at least 2 differences be 25 A population of birds lives on an island where their main food source is seeds Birds with smaller beaks can eat smaller seeds while birds with larger beaks can eat larger seeds more easily A fungus infects and destroys all the plants that make larger seeds leaving only small seeds as food What do you predict will happen to the population of birds

1 A particular allele is more like to disappear from populations than from a large small b diverse similar c small large d all of the above populations