Human Health and Diseases Questions and Answers

List the 4 stages of neutrophil extravasation at a site of injury when the neutrophil exits the capillary into the tissue Explain what is happening at each stage

Although the ELISA test is a powerful technique some of its disadvantages are the relatively long time to obtain a result and its inability to test for an active immune response against an infection True False

3 Explain what is happening in this image Which type of immune response will this lead to humoral immunity or cell mediated immunity

bodies are unique and respond to a specific antigen Where does the antigen attach to the antibody structure The variable domains Fab The binding site the variable domains and the Fab The binding site Fc Question 8 1 point Listen Microneutralization is the gold standard but it is labor intensive and time consuming and requires at least 5 days to get results True

What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor O Benign tumors are composed of cancer cells malignant tumors are not Benign tumors are not the result of a failure of a cell cycle control syster malignant tumors are Benign tumors do not metastasize malignant tumors do Benign tumors do not form lumps malignant tumors do form lumps

Label the following illustration of the life cycle of Chlamydia trachomatis Nucleus A Reticulate body replicates and establishes persistent infection B Elementary body differentiates into a reticulate body Reticulate bodies develop into elementary bodies D Elementary body attaches to host cell Elementary body is endocytosed by

Create a castle drawing the immun that represents system label

Can you please write a current primary source article 2020 about antibiotic resistance in tuberculosis and point out three things

Tara recently gave birth to her baby girl and had complications during labor As a result she underwent an emergency C section She is very tired and weak from her delivery Because of her daughter s birth she has also lost a considerable amount of blood and she is scheduled to receive a blood transfusion In addition to the blood transfusion order her patient file noted the doctor has ordered the nutritionist to make meals for Tara based on a high protein diet Read the article Which Foods Speed Up Recovery After Surgery in order to learn more about high protein diets 2 Initial Post Create a new thread and answer all three parts of the initial prompt below 1 How does a high protein diet benefit someone like Tara after a major surgery or serious hospitalization Guidance It is important to use the article not Google or other sources it has everything you need Be sure to include specifics on HOW a high protein diet could be beneficial 2 Identify a specific food item rich in protein and explain why you think it should be included in Tara s diet Guidance Be sure to read the sections of the article that discuss protein Be sure to choose a SPECIFIC high protein food item and explain WHY Tara should eat it 3 Identify one food item Tara s doctor would not approve for her diet and explain why Tara should avoid that food while she recovers Guidance Be sure to read the section of the article that discusses Foods to Avoid After Surgery Be sure to choose a SPECIFIC food item and explain WHY Tara should NOT eat it

1 uterine myometrium 3 2 anechoic cystic compent 4 Description LIVER 1 complex mass 2 Diaphragm pription Echogenic solid compon trans mission p throuon Figure 1 17 in the textbook 3 liver Figure 1 22 in the textbook

Practice Pedigrees Determine the inheritance pattern of each of the following pedigrees Then label the genotypes of each individual in the pedigrees I 606 2017 od 4

DELLE 1 2 Description 1 2 Description TWIDE 3 Figure 1 10 in the textbook 3 Figure 1 11 in the textbook

You have found a bacterium it is uncharacteristically resistant to the antibiotic methicillin It has a genetic signature similar to the genes that Staphylococcus aureus strains have when they are resistant to methicillin MRSA How could the use of a cell structure be a mechanism for this microbe population growing in a managed environment to acquire antibiotic resistance which is more common to microbes associated with human skin

distinguish beta thalassemia min from alpha thalassemia iron deficiency anemia and hemoglobinopathies is Question 45 Answer Heinz body stain b HbA2 level C serum iron d globin solubility

Question 42 Answer a Renal hormone that regulates marrow red cell production b Hormone produced by the liver that stimulates megakaryopoiesis C Marrow hormone secreted by developing megakaryoblasts d Pituitary hormone that controls

of nonmegaloblastic than megaloblastic anemia Question 6 Answer a Round macrocytes b Howell Jolly bodies C Oval macrocytes

Part 5 of 6 0 83 oints eBook Print References Intro to Graphing Cancer and smoking Looking at the Graph Data tab choose an appropriate dataset to learn about the relationship between smoking and different types of cancer Follow the interactive to choose the most appropriate type of graph and graph the data Based on the data you graphed what type s of cancer appear to have a positive correlation with smoking rates Multiple Choice Breast Lung Melanoma

If you were to create something that stops viruses from replicating how would it have to be different from creating something that stops human somatic cells from replicating

Problem 2 7 P Figure 2 shows the phylogenetic relationship between a potentially recombinant variant CRF 7 of HIV 1 and the representatives of subtypes B and C These phylogenies were reconstructed from the coding sequences of four HIV genes gag pol env and nef gag B CRF 7 pol C B CRF 7 env B nef B CRF 7 CRF 7 C Figure 2 Phylogenetic relationships between the variant CRF 7 and subtypes B and C of HIV 1 reconstructed from four genes 1 3 P If CRF 7 is indeed a recombinant where on the HIV chromosome i e between which genes are the recombination breakpoints The order of genes in Figure 2 corresponds to their order in the HIV genome 2 4 P If CRF 7 is indeed a recombinant indicate which subtypes likely donated which genes to CRF 7

What term in the equation governing the performance of solid phase extraction is being modified by moving to an immunoaffinity separation O O inter particle volume since antibodies are so small retention factor due to the specificity of the interaction O plate number due to the stackability of the proteins immobilized on the particles

Which of the following would NOT be considered an emerging infectious disease a Multidrug resistant Tuberculosis MDR TB b Zika Virus c Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV d H1N1 Influenza Swine Flu

All lies are morally impermissible It would be a lie to tell this patient that they have a good chance of recovery when you know they don t So it would be morally impermissible for you to tell this patient they have a good chance of recovery Which of the following correctly describes this argument O Ad hominem O Prima facie Valid Invalid

From an evolutionary perspective how are a common ancestor and a MRCA different Two organisms that share a common ancestor are more closely related to each other that two organisms that share a MRCA If traced back far enough all life on Earth shares a common ancestor But of two organisms share a MRCA they are sister taxa and are clos related to each other Phylogenetic trees are based on shared ancestral traits so there is no distinct difference between a common ancestor and a MRCA O The MRCA shows relatedness between two organisms but is not useful when building a phylogenetic tree

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SA Generics have the same active ingredients as the brand name Generics offer savings to patients over the brand name product Generics are the trade names of each drug Question 11 From the following list of persons who is NOT authorized to prescribe medications Podiatrist Dentist O Registered nurse Osteopath Question 12 Which of the following is TRUE about C IV medications

Figure 5 Figure 1 from Broadhursta et al 2016 reproduced with permission from American Society for Microbiology Analyte method Outcome Acute illness Y Non fatal IgG ELISA Fatal Y IgM ELISA Antigen ELISA 2000 RNA RT PCR Non fatal Fatal Non fatal Fatal Non fatal Fatal Incubation period 2 21 days ND 3 5 Symptom onset Seen in a majority of cases Seen in a minority of cases ND Not detected 9 12 15 Convalescence 18 21 24 27 39 33 36 39 42 45 Days post symptom onset IgG antibodies are detectable for years following infection loss of IgG antibodies has not been characterized 80 Years IgM antibodies are undetectable by day 80 of illness in nearly all patients however IgM antibody detection has been reported at day 168 17 Viral antigen and RNA levels increase until the time of death in fatal cases

Cadherins and other cell adhesion molecules that guide cell migration are A steroid hormones B glycoproteins C fatty acids D prostacyclins

D Antibacterial soaps used in the lab contain some form of O Alkylating agents O Phenolics O Peroxygens Question 7 0

What is the BSL for our Micro class answer A Select and what would it be for agents that cause hemorrhagic fever several bleeding organ failure and death answer B Select Select Biosafety Level 1

1 One form of night blindness the inability to see in low light levels is a sex linked trait in humans controlled by alleles on the X chromosome Normal color vision XN is dominant to night blindness X For this problem assume all individuals are cis gender and not intersex just to keep the genetics simpler A If a night blind man marries a woman with normal vision and they have a night blind son what are the genotypes of all three individuals 2 points B If the mother and father were to have more children what proportion of the girls would be expected to be nightblind Why 2

ApoE1 ApoE2 ApoE3 ApoE4 Question 18 1 point Saved Listen is a drug that blocks cell division by stabilizing microtubules as a result it is used in the treatment of Vincristine listeriosis Taxol breast cancer

What is the amount of toxin required to kill half the amount of the infected animals Response Percent 100 50 0 22 5 mg kg Source www chemsafetypro com B 20 mg kg 50 22 5 NOAEL 50 mg kg 15 DNEL LOAEL 10 15 20 25 Dose mg kg LD50 30 35

The following is a Case Report on Meningococcal meningitis B Hong Kong Journal of Emergency Medicine A 21 year old man presented to our A E Department with fever for one day On arrival the patient s BP was 109 50 pulse rate was 115 and oral temperature was 38 1 C He was fully conscious and clinically stable The patient also complained of headache vomiting for three times and severe dizziness No rash was noted by him He was a construction site worker and he had traveled to China a few days before his illness Which of the choices lists the signs of the infection Mark all that apply Severe dizziness BP 109 50 Headache Pulse rate 115

Observe the following diagram Which of the following pathogenic agents falls under this category 2 Broad spectrum antibiotics kill nonresistant cells 1 Normal microbiota keeps opportunistic pathogens in check pathogen ww www 100 www O XX Source OpenStax Microbiology XXX XXX Xw XX O Indigenous gut microbiota O Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus O Ebola virus 3 Drug resistant pathogens proliferate and can cause a superinfection

Case study Patient X who is immunocompromised shows symptoms of myocarditis chest pain shortness of breath headaches fever fatigue swollen feet If the doctor suspects a bacterial infection what is the patient more likely to receive O Anthelminthic drug O Bactericidal drug Bacteriostatic drug O Antifungal drug

It inhibits cell wall synthesis OIt creates thymine dimers O It reduces the pH of the cytoplasm O It causes oxidation of nucleic acids Question 7 0 5 pt What are the names of two natural chemical agents to control bacterial growth in meat O Natamycin

Connect the two columns Fungistatic Bactericide Viricide Bacteriostatic Question 3 Choose Choose Inhibits fungal growth Inhibits growth of all living microbes Kills all living microbes Inhibits bacterial growth Kills bacteria Inactivates viruses 0 5 pts

Read the following sentence from NIH Clinical Trials gov Prospective Study of Possible Infectious Disease Associated Antigen Drive in Previously Untreated Indolent Lymphoma Bacterial overgrowth of the small bowel Since indolent lymphomas often affect the lymph nodes surrounding the small bowel it may be possible that an infection within the bowel is stimulating lymphoma growth This has never been demonstrated to date and will be studied in this clinical study What is the name of this type of study O Cross sectional study Prospective study O Experimental study

Ebola may fall under the form of transmission called direct droplet transmission True False

Which of the following terms is correct for COVID 19 Epidemic disease Pandemic disease Endemic disease Notifiable disease Question 2 According to the graph below HIV incidence has a steady decrease from 1995 to 2010 in the U S

How does malaria impede blood flow O The protozoan produces capsules that cover the pathogen to evade phagocytosis O The protozoan produces adhesins that are expressed on the surface of the RBC causing them to stick to each other and to the inner surface of the blood vessel O No answer text provided O The protozoan is large enough to evade the immune system Question 9 0 5 pts

3 Which of the following names is of particular concern regarding the portal of entry on the stages of pathogenesis Mark all that apply TORCH Listeria monocytogenes Coughing Urination Question 5 0 5 pts

How is the availability of needed natural resources affected by human activiti

A H H M H H M Does mitochondrion A or B produce more ATP A produces more ATP H H H H H H OB produces more ATP B H H He H H H

Question 1 5 pts Cystic fibrosis is a Mendelian recessive allele The most common mutation associated with cystic fibrosis is the D F 508 mutation In the UK it is the most common cystic fibrosis variant accounting for 75 of cases However the worldwide frequency of cystic fibrosis associated mutations can vary greatly The frequency of the D F 508 mutation associated with cystic fibrosis in Romania was only 36 6 of cases Country United Kingdom Romania 9 408 9 996 AF 508 392 2 AF 508 AF 508 200 2 a Demonstrate the frequency of the D F 508 mutation is statistically significantly different between these two countries

Question 15 2 points A revolution in the prevention of many infection diseases to A versions samples of the infectious micro organism so our immune systems recognize the organism as a foreign invader and develops strategies chemicals to prepare to fight it the next time we are A involve intentionally exposing people infected

When someone has an auto immune disease their bodies immune system mistakes our own cells as foreign and attacks destroys them Some of the factors outline in our text that may contribute to the risk of developing one of these disorders include select all that apply Select 3 correct answer s substance abuse some inherited genetic defects hypertension some contraceptives viral infections nutritional problems deficiencies

HIV is not very infectious compared to other viral infections be cause it can not live very long A require very contact that exchanges blood fluids A A that and not by casual contact like saliva Answer 2 transmit many of the severe acute respiratory syndromes SARS that are air horno

6 If two phenotypically normal parents have six children and two daughters and two sons have the same genetic disorder that disorder is most likely to be hemophilia cystic fibrosis C Marfan syndrome d muscular dystrophy color blindness a b e

Question 2 A peer reviewed article from PLoS One 2008 suggests that the human MRSA252 strain shares several unique DNA sequences to different bacterial agents that cause bovine mastitis i e Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus saprophyticus Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland of milking cows due to trauma or infections Which of the following could explain the process by which these DNA sequences of other species genomes became part of MRSA252 s genome Choose all that apply O Conjugation O Transduction DNA replication O Protein synthesis Transformation pt lac Operon regulation