Plant Physiology - Respiration Questions and Answers

Which of these is a product (something that is produced) of cellular respiration? A. Carbon dioxide B. Oxygen C. Sunlight

Match the organelle name with the description of its function. makes ATP using Aerobic Cellular Respiration Ribosome Centriole Vacuole Vesicle Mitochondria

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is false? It occurs during fermentation It ends with the formation of pyruvic acid It occurs without oxygen It involves the reduction of NAD+ It degrades glucose to CO2 and H₂O

Glycolysis Multiple Choice uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPS, and requires oxygen uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, and requires oxygen uses 2 ATPs, produces 4 ATPs, without using oxygen uses 2 ATPs, produces 2 ATPs, without using oxygen None of the choices are correct.

_ is a citric acid cycle enzyme that is NOT an example of an iron-sulfur protein. aconitase succinate dehydrogenase ALL OF THESE are iron-sulfur proteins citrate synthase

Why do we breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide? A. Oxygen is a product of cellular respiration. B. Both gases are produced during cellular respiration. C. Oxygen is required to start cellular respiration, and carbon dioxide is a product.

Answer the questions below. After you have submitted your answer, respond to a peer providing feedback about how your own answer relates to theirs. Asnwer these questions in full sentences Questions- 1.) Why do we call certain exercises "aerobics"? 2.) When did you start to feel a lactic acid build-up during your muscle fatigue lab? What type of cellular respiration was occurring and why do you think that? 3.) When would anaerobic respiration be better for an organism? Why and what type of organism? 4.) Which type of respiration would you like to use and why?

Which of the following describes a metabolic consequence of a shortage of oxygen in muscle cells? a. An increase in blood pH due to the accumulation of lactic acid b. No ATP production due to the absence of substrate-level phosphorylation c. A buildup of lactic acid in the muscle tissue due to fermentation d. A decrease in the oxidation of fatty acids due to a shortage of ATP

Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency is a genetic disease most commonly linked to a mutation in the a -subunit of the mitochondrial enzyme that causes the enzyme to cease functioning. As a result of the mutation, affected individuals build up dangerous amounts of lactic acid. Which of the following best explains the buildup of lactic acid in individuals with the mutation? a. Cells use lactic acid to shunt electrons from pyruvate to the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. b. Cells undergo glycolysis because there is a buildup of pyruvate in affected individuals. c. Cells cannot transport pyruvate to the mitochondria in the absence of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, so the pyruvate is broken down to lactic acid and ethanol. d. Cells undergo fermentation because pyruvate cannot be metabolized to proceed into the Krebs cycle.

The equation for cellular respiration is: C6H12O6 +6O₂ ---> 6CO₂ + 6H₂0. At what specific point in the cellular respiration process has glucose been broken down completely from a six carbon molecule to 6 molecules of CO₂? During the priming reactions in glycolysis During the oxidation and ATP formation reactions in glycolysis During pyruvate oxidation

Bakers yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) can ferment sugars to produce ATP in the absence of oxygen. Which of the following are by- products of this reaction? Please select all that apply. Note: marks will be deducted for incorrect choices but it is not be possible to score an overall negative mark for this question. A. lactic acid B. glucose C. methane D. carbon dioxide E. oxygen F. ethanol

The bonds connecting atoms in molecules contain energy. Chemical reactions involve the breaking of bonds in the input (reactant) molecules and the formation of bonds in the output (product) molecules. Energy is used in order to break bonds during reactions. Energy is released as bonds are formed during reactions. Energy can be measured using the unit kilocalories (kcal). The energy required to break apart glucose and oxygen during cellular respiration is 2,878 kcal. The energy released during the formation of carbon dioxide and water during cellular respiration is 3,564 kcal. 1. Identify whether more energy is required or released during cellular respiration. Use mathematical evidence to support your response.

If the second membrane (cristae) of mitochondria has holes, which process would be directly affected, mostly? ATP synthesis in the cell will stop completely The ATP synthase would not be functional. The hydrogen ion gradient across cristae would be affected. NADH and FADH₂ are not going to be synthesized. The transport of electrons across cristae would not occur.

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, a substrate for the Krebs (citric acid) cycle. The rate of pyruvate conversion is greatly reduced in individuals with PDC deficiency, a rare disorder. (a) Identify the cellular location where PDC is most active. (b) Make a claim about how PDC deficiency affects the amount of NADH produced by glycolysis AND the amount of NADH produced by the Krebs (citric acid) cycle in a cell. Provide reasoning to support your claims based on the position of the PDC-catalyzed reaction in the sequence of the cellular respiration pathway.

Which of the following statements about mitochondrial chemiosmosis is not true? A proton gradient is established across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion The potential energy "released" from the mitochondrial proton gradient is used to produce ATP Thermal (kinetic) energy is required to establish the electron transport chain Proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane play an important role in ATP synthesis

Which of the following should undergo deamination to contribute to the cellular respiration? fatty acids and nucleotides simple sugars and amino acids amino acids and fatty acids amino acids and nucleotides

What must happen to the pyruvate molecules before entering the Krebs cycle? a) It has to be oxidized to form acetyl Co-A, 1 CO2 and 1 NADH per molecule b) It is reduced to form carbon dioxide c) It needs to form NADH d) Nothing, it can enter the Krebs Cycle as a pyruvate molecule

Which of the following best defines chemiosmosis? a. the disruption of the inner mitochondrial membrane, which dissipates energy b. the movement of electrons from one acceptor to another c. the smell of solvents in the chem lab d. the movement of hydrogen ions out of the cell and back through ATP synthase e. the series of reactions that regenerate oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle

Which of the following is the purpose of fermentation? a. to keep taverns and bakeries in business b. to produce carbon dioxide c. to regenerate NAD+ Od. to regenerate oxygen Oe, to produce large quantities of additional energy

1. Explain what pH is and what affect it might have on the polarity of water. (3) 2. Explain without examples, the differences between solutions, solutes and solvents. (3) 3. Body cells go through a process known as cellular respiration. The result is the generation of a large amount of heat. Explain how the water in cells is able to keep them from overheating. (3)

Which of the following statements best describes how a reducing agent is chemically altered in a biological redox reaction? It gains a hydrogen atom and gains potential energy. It loses a hydrogen atom and loses potential energy. It gains a hydrogen atom and loses potential energy. It loses a hydrogen atom and gains potential energy.

Aldolase cleaves fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and pyruvate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate enolase and 2-phosphoglycerate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate

Further toxicology tests revealed the presence of cyanide in the victims. Cyanide binds to the Cytochrome Oxidase complex of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Binding of cyanide prevents transfer of electrons from the protein. a. Where is the electron transport chain located? b. What does Cytochrome Oxidase transfer its electrons to?

Seamus wants to make his own mead. He takes yeast, honey, and water, and mixes that in a mason jar. He then seals this jar with a cork stopper. As weeks go by, the cork stopper explodes off the jar. Why? The yeast are producing oxygen as a by-product of cellular respiration The yeast are producing carbon dioxide as a by-product of cellular respiration The yeast are producing oxygen as a by-producing of anaerobic respiration The yeast are producing carbon dioxide as a by-product of anaerobic respiration

The two main "shuttle buses" of cellular respiration are NAD+ and [?]. ATP+ FAD+ NAD+

Glycolysis ATP than the citric acid cycle. produces more produces less consumes more

The carbon that attaches to the 5- carbon RuBP to make a 6-carbon molecule is derived from A. carbon fixation B. carbon dioxide C. glucose D. the reduction of oxygen

The first photosystem in the thyalkoid membrane is called ___ A. photosystem I B. photosystem II C. numero uno D. p700

You just got a job in the respiratory department of a large teaching hospital. You notice that the respirators are calibrated in cmH₂O instead of atm or mmHg! The conversion chart that came with the new machine states that 1 mmHg = 1.36 cmH₂O. How would you set the respirator to deliver a pressure of 80 mmHg?

Which ONE of the following recommendations would you make for a patient with a Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase II deficiency? Avoid all forms of exercise. Monitor their levels of ketone bodies. Take medium chain triglycerides (MCTs). Consume a low carbohydrate diet.

Why is the Krebs cycle so important if it only produces 2 ATP molecules? a) It produces reducing agents for the electron transport chain b) It oxidizes pyruvate and prepares it for the electron transport chain c) It uses all the glucose we eat d) It produces many CO₂ molecules

After glycolysis, the pyruvate molecules can follow two different metabolic routes: aerobic and anaerobic respiration. What is the main difference between these? a) Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and anaerobic respiration is inhibited in its presence b) They are the same metabolic pathway, occurring in different locations c) Anaerobic respiration does not occur in mammalian cells d) Anaerobic respiration does not need oxygen to occur and aerobic respiration does

When electrons are collected, so is energy. A. potential C. kinetic B. chemical D. vibrational

Which statement should be categorized only in the aerobic section of the Venn diagram? a) occurs in the cytoplasm b) produces water c) requires no oxygen d) is performed by yeast

Do you agree with the definition of "fermentation" listed below? explain why or why not. Fermentation = a method of catabolizing organic molecules in which the product of catabolism serves as the final electron acceptor.

What ultimately happens to the carbons that start the citric acid cycle? A. They become part of water. B. They become part of ATP. C. They become part of carbon dioxide. D. They become part of the electron carriers.

Glycolysis occurrs in the mitochondria. True False

Oxygen is the initial source for electrons in the electron transport chain. True False

Chemiosmosis is used to generate ____ percent of the ATP made during ____ glucose catabolism.

The energy gathered from the moving electrons in the electron transport chain is used to move hydrogen atoms from the________ of the membrane to the____________of an individual___________

Photosynthesis, like cellular respiration, uses ATP synthase. a) True b) False

Why is glycolysis considered an anaerobic process? Glycolysis requires oxygen in secondary steps. Glycolysisdoes not require oxygen in secondary steps. The whole process of cellular respiration does though. Glycolysisrequires oxygen in primary steps, it's not anaeobic. Glycolysis itself doesn't require oxygen at all. Other steps in cellular respiration does though.

Bacteria that do not ferment the sugar... use proteins as a source of carbon and energy use phenol red as a source of carbon stop growing and die turn the media yellow produce gas from protein fermentation

The enzyme cytochrome oxidase participates in and is part of anaerobic respiration; Krebs cycle fermentation; glycolysis aerobic respiration; Krebs Cycle aerobic respiration; electron transport chain

In which step of cellular respiration is most of the energy that was harvested from glucose transformed into an energy source that can be used to do cellular work? ETC ATP Synthase Citric Acid Cycle

If you were to compare the lipid composition of bacteria that has acclimated from 10°C to 4°C, which ONE of the following would you expect in order to maintain the fluidity of the bilayer? CGC An increase in polyunsaturated chains. A decrease in the amount of cholesterol. A decrease in the percentage of sphingolipids. An increase in the length of the fatty acid tails.

We discussed three biochemical pathways your body can use to either make or break down glucose to produce energy. Detail those three pathways and under what conditions each is activated to produce energy for the body.

Think of the last time you tried to hold your breath. It's not easy! That's because you-like nearly all livin things-need a constant supply of oxygen to live. Organisms get oxygen from their environment. Discuss Why do you think living things need oxygen?

Coenzyme A, NAD+, and FAD are all examples of coenzymes. The function/s of these type of compounds is/are... to be enzyme helpers to transitorily accept or donate electrons to transitorily accept or donate atoms All of the above

During the intermediate step between glycolysis and Krebs cycle... The 3 carbons in pyruvic acid are eliminated as CO2 Pyruvic acid is reduced and decarboxylated Pyruvic acid is oxidized and decarboxylated Pyruvic acid is phosphorylated 2 ATPs are produced