Organic Chemistry Questions

What are the units for a second order rate constant Select one a M s 1 M s 1 mol L d M s 1 O b O c Oe s 1

Toluene C7Hs burns in oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water How many grams of oxygen are needed for the combustion of 94 5 grams of toluene O2 658 g 295 g O 207 g 148 g

efer to the graph above In order to have a saturated solution how many rams of potassium nitrate KNO3 need to be dissolved in 100 grams of water 20 C Solubility g of salt in 100 g H O 100 90 80 70 NaNO 3 CCI 604 50 40 NaC 30 20 10 Pb NO3 2 KNO KEA KCIO K Cr 0 Ce SO4 3 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Temperature C O CLEAR ALL 60 20 100 30

Sample spectrum for a simple organic molecule along with explanations 4 CI CI

Draw the organic products of the following reaction H C CH3 HCL H O Select

10 0 Drow all missing reactants andor products in the appropriate boses by placing otoms on the caves and connecting them with bonds Aad charges when Electron flow arrows should start on the elestronda of an atom or a bond and should end on an atom bond er location where a new bond should be re View Available in DOCAH 119

2 Rank the following compounds according to their acidity 1 least and 5 most NH JOH OH O OH LOH

The Atom Electrons negative charge surround the nucleus Nucleus Protons positive charge Neutrons neutral charge Atomic number Chemical symbol Element name Atomic mass What is the aforic symbol Ar What is the atomic number 18 Howmany Protons 18 Howmany Electrons 13 What is the atomic Mass Howmany Neutrons Carbon 12 0 Ar 39 95 Enchanted Learning com 18

Which two molecules can be combined to form the product shown below Choose 2 of the 8 molecules o HO OL MgBr 1 BrMgCH CH3 MaBr ON OV OV A OVIL MgBr a

Classify each of the following hydrocarbons as an alkane alkene alkyne or arene aromatic H H H C H

When considering the behavior of real gases the attractive interactions between gas particles the pressure as compared to the expectation for an ideal gas while the actual volume occupied by the gas particles the pressure as compared to the expectation for an ideal gas Select one a decreases increases b does not affect decreases c increases decreases d increases increases e does not affect increases

To answer the questions interpret the following Lewis diagram for PBr4 7 Br Br p Br Br 1 For the central phosphorus atom The number of non bonding electrons The number of bonding electrons The total number of electrons 2 The central phosphorus atom A obeys the octet rule B has more than an octet C has less than an octet

What is the number of particles in moles of 655 64g of Calcium Chloride CaCl Round any atomic mass from the periodic table to one decimal place

What is the mass of 12 85mol of particles of Calcium Chloride CaCl Round any atomic mass from the periodic table to one decimal place

The rate of a reaction depends on Select one O a the frequency of collisions between reactants O b the energy of collisions between reactants O c the orientation of collisions between reactants O d all of these O e none of these

1 Select one a Atomic Structure 2 Electronic Structure Question 5 Which statement describes patterns in how nonmetals in groups 16 and 17 behave when forming ions a O O Nonmetals in groups 16 and 17 tend to first lose and then gain electrons Nonmetals in groups 16 and 17 tend to gain electrons Nonmetals in groups 16 and 17 tend not to lose or gain any electrons O Nonmetals in groups 16 and 17 tend to lose electrons

Which one of the below is NOT a source of biofuel corn algae cellulose methane

The density of ammonia gas in a 4 76 L container at 907 torr and 52 7 C is g L Record your answer with 3 significant figures

Question 4 Match the correct numbered covalent bond with the appropriate macromolecule in the space listed as a to b 5 Points Macromolecule 1 a Protein Peptide band b Steroid distifiat c Polysaccharide Ghicoschic linklage d Triacylglycerol Phosphodi o e nucleic acid estre Covalent Bond 1 ester linkage 2 peptide bond 3 glycosidic linkage 4 phosphodiester linkage 2

Please note that geometry refers to the molecular or ionic geometry The Lewis diagram for PBr4 is Br Br Br The electron pair geometry around the P atom in PBr4 is There is are lone pair s around the central atom so the geometry of PBr4 is Br The Lewis diagram for NICI is There is I N CI CIB The electron pair geometry around the N atom in NICI is

at is the name of the compound with the formula S F10 hat is the name of the compound with the formula Co NO 3 hat is the formula for iron III sulfite What is the formula for tetraphosphorus decaoxide

The first order reaction AB is initiated with A o 0 828 M It takes 24 1 seconds for the reaction to proceed until A 0 277 M Based on this information what is the half life for this reaction Please report your answer to 3 significant figures

How many moles of ideal gas are found in a 2 82 L container at 13 8 C and 0 729 atm Please report the number of moles to 3 significant figures

8 Rank the following substances from greatest to least ability to change the colligative properties of water Explain your answer 1 a LiCl b C6H12O6 c AlBr3 9 Calculate the freezing point and boiling point of a solution made by dissolving 168 0 grams of sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 in 1000 0 grams of water 10 Determine the freezing point and boiling point of a 2 0 m solution of potassium chloride KCI 11 Two equally sized beakers are placed on a laboratory bench One beaker is filled with distilled water A second beaker is filled with a saturated solution of sugar Which will completely evaporate first Explain your answer 12 In northern Utah the temperature falls well below freezing in the winter Would you expect the Great Salt Lake to be safe for such winter sports as hockey or ice skating Explain your answer

2 What volume of gaseous NH3 at STP is produced if 25 grams of nitrogen gas is reacted with excess hydrogen gas N H NH3

3 Determine whether each of the following compounds is aromatic anti aromatic or non aromatic N N

s D g To increase the partial pressure of D at equilibrium you could A add B B remove C C add A D add Ar g Bp 54 F Cloudy 81

The reaction 2 CIO aq 2 OH aq CIO3 aq CIO aq H O 1 A CIO3 At was studied at 45 C The following results were obtained where rate CIO M 0 120 0 040 0 040 O rate k CI0 110H 12 O rate k CIO OH Orate k ClO l Orate k CIO 1 OH M 0 030 0 030 0 090 A Use this data to determine the rate law for the reaction rate k OH Initial Rate M s 0 036 0 004 0 012

In a reaction compounds A B react slowly to compound D It is observed that this reaction of A B reacts to C also but at a much faster reaction rate At the end of the reaction only products C and D can be detected with D being the minor product and C the major component Products were separated and analysis of both showed that compound C is much more stable than compound D Please select all answers that apply Hint Draw the energy level diagram of these reactions if needed Select one or more the Gibbs energy of D is higher than that of C the activation energy for the formation of C is greater than for the formation of D the Gibbs energy of C is higher than that of D the activation energy for the formation of D is greater than for the formation of C

Using the minimum steps of chemical reaction show how you would synthesize the following compounds The synthesis may involve more than one step Suggest suitable reagents solvents and structure of intermediates a 0 X ne b c d OH Br 2 4 OH NO OH it HO OH

If the compound below were reacted with H and Lindlar s catalyst which major product would be obtained Select one O Br Br O Br O O O HO Br Br so Br Br Br Br Br

17 What are 3 factors that determine the severity of a rainstorm How does each factor affect the amount of rainfall

3 NaOEt 4 t BuOK 5 H Pt 6 H Lindlar s catalyst 7 Na NH3 8 LAH or xs LAH then H O 9 NaBH CH OH 10 NaBH CN pH 5 Grignard Wittig and Gilman Reagents Assume then H O is included if a protonation step is needed MeMgBr EtMgBr PhMgBr PhCH MgBr G1 G2 G3 G4 Ph Me Culi Et Culi Ph Culi PhCH Culi G6 CH OH PhyP CH W1 G7 TT CI then H O NaOH 14 Hg OAc H O then NaBH 15 03 then Zn HCI or DMS 16 MCPBA or CH CO3H 17 Br light or NBS heat 18 HBr 19 HBr ROOR 20 PBr3 G8 COH K Ph P CHCH PhP CHCO Et Ph P CHPh W2 W3 W4 OH G9 13 UU CHX D E F A B C Alcohols Assume an acid catalyst H or pyridine is present if needed OH G5 G10 PH Reactant reagent List For Final Exam Enter code or letter in the appropriate boxes Note Exam responses are case insensitive Alkyl Halides X Cl Br or I Assume AICI is present if needed MgBr UV S T U V W Acid Chlorides Assume AICI or pyridine is present if needed OH N 24 SOCI pyridine 25 HNO3 H SO4 26 fuming H SO4 27 Fe HCl then NaOH 28 Zn Hg HCI 29 KCN or KCN PHCN 30 CO then H O 31 TH H HH AA BB CC GG DD EE FF Ketones Aldehydes and Epoxides Assume then H O is included if a protonation step is needed ww 32 NH 1 or 2 equiv 33 CH3NH 1 or 2 equiv 34 CH NH 1 or 2 equiv 35 EtNH 1 or 2 equiv 36 PhCH NH 1 or 2 equiv 37 LDA 78 C 38 NaH 25 C OH 39 LIAI OR H then H O 40 DIBAH then H O 41 Br H O 42 Br NaOH OH H O G OH XX A X Z 4 L H 47 CUCN 48 HBF4 49 H O heat 50 H PO 51 52 LOH Lo Len H2 HH2 ZZ OH R NH

1 What type of reaction is the bromination of trans stylbene 2 What is the solvent used for the reaction 3 The solvent and trans stilbene were heated before adding the next reagent What was the ne reagent 4 What should you do with the gloves used to transfer the brominated reagent to the flask 5 What technique was used to separate the solid 6 What is the name of the funnel used for the technique above 7 How was the stirring rod prevented from falling into the funnel 8 What technique was used to determine identity and purity of the product 1

Based on the octet rule boron will most likely form a OB3 OB OB3 OB2 R2 ion

Family 2 or 2A Metals 2 valence electrons very reactive but less than alkali metals Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra Family 14 or 4A 4 valence electrons 1 metal 1 metalloid 2 nonmetals This family is incredibly important in the field of technology C Si Ge Sn Pb Be this is a Bohr model C

Reaction C3H8 g 502 g 3CO2 g 4H O g A scientist completes the reaction above and ends up with 172 94g of carbon dioxide What mass of propane C3H8 would need to be reacted to end up with that much carbon dioxide Round any atomic masses on the periodic table to one decimal place

On the phase diagram below region Pressure Select one O a D O b A Oc B Od E O B C A corresponds to the conditions of temperature and pressure under which the solid phase is stable D B Temperature C E

14 Propose a multistep synthesis for the following transformation Your answer should include individual reaction steps including all reagents necessary for each reaction step I NH OH Ph

12 Provide all reagents needed to complete each of the following syntheses Most transformation require more than one step CHOOSE 6 of the following 7 Place a star next to the synthesis DO NOT want graded OH OH

If Kc 0 0084 for the reaction below at 298 0 K then what is the value of Kp R 0 0821 L atm mol K 3 A g B g C g D g

Match the reagent to the step Drag and drop options on the right hand side to reorder and match with items on the left Reordering may cause items on the right hand side to swap positions Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 H C C HH C C Na 2 CH3CH2CH2CHO NaNH2 NH3 H O NaNH2 NH3 CH 31 3 CH3 C CH III e CH3 C C Na 4

Rank all acidic hydrogens in the structure below Give the lowest number 1 to the most acidic hydrogen and the highest number to the least acidic hydrogen Give methylene CH2 and methyl CH3 groups only one ranking as all hydrogens in those groups have the same acidity CI HO CI 3 NH

9 Draw the major products obtained in each of the following reactions indicating stereochemist where appropriate If no reaction is anticipated write no reaction

7 A researcher attempts to complete the following reaction sequence but the reaction sequence fails Explain why the reaction sequence fails What steps would you take instead to convert the starting material into the desired product Be specific and show reagents and structures if necessary NH Br CH31

require more than one step CHOOSE 6 of the following 7 Place a star next to the synthesis yo DO NOT want graded

10 Draw the major products obtained in each of the following reactions indicating stereochemistry where appropriate If no reaction is anticipated write no reaction O O

Some reactions in organic chemistry are pure functional group transformations i e converting an alkene to an organohalide but they maintain the carbon skeleton i e the number of C atoms in the molecule remains the same However other reactions change the carbon skeleton i e they increase or decrease the number of C atoms and often also the functional group Which reactio conditions change the carbon skeleton for the compound drawn below Select one or more OHBr ROOR 1 BH3 THF 2 H O2 NaOH 1 MCPBA 2 dilute aqueous acid O 1 Hg OAc 2 in water 2 NaBH4 O Br2 O Br2 H O 1 OsO4 2 Na2SO3 aq OH on Pt 1 032 DMS O HBr

Chemistry Indicate if 2 metilbutanal is soluble parcially soluble or insoluble in the following solvents H O NaOH 5 NaHCO3 5 HCI 5 H SO4 conc H3PO4 85 CH Cl2

8 A researcher attempts to complete the following reaction sequence but the reaction sequence fails Explain why the reaction sequence fails What steps would you take instead to convert the starting material into the desired product Be specific and show reagents and structures if necessary Br OH Mg ether BrMg OH 1 H 2 H O H HO OH