Organic Chemistry Questions
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Organic Chemistry
IsomerismDetermine whether trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane contains a chiral center. How many different substituents do you count at atom #(2)? (To help yourself, draw trans-1,2-dimethylcyclopentane on a piece of papery
Organic Chemistry
Aldehydes & KetonesThe correct statement regarding addition of sodium hydrogen sulphite to a carbonyl compound is
(A) The attack happens by the negative charge on oxygen
(B) The rate of addition is always greater for ketones than aldehydes
(C) Bisulphite addition product cannot be hydrolysed in basic medium
(D) It can be used as a method to purify and separate aldehyde
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhich of the following statements is not true regarding SN2 reactions?
The alkyl halide and nucleophile are both present in the transition state of an SN2 reaction.
If the alkyl halide is chiral, the stereochemistry will be scrambled during the SN2 reaction.
SN2 reactions work best with aprotic solvents.
SN2 reactions are fastest with primary alkyl halides.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryDoes a reaction occur when aqueous solutions of magnesium nitrate and zinc sulfate are combined?
yes
no
If a reaction does occur, write the net ionic equation.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhich of the following approaches would represent a high-yielding synthesis of 4-chloroheptane (without the formation of byproducts)?
(a) reaction of HCI with cis-3-heptene
(b) reaction of HCI with 3-heptyne
(c) reaction of HCI with trans-3-heptene
(d) reaction of 3-heptanol with SOCI₂
(e) none of (a), (b), (c) or (d)
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryStatementI: In bleaching powder oxidation state of Ca is +2. Statement II: In bleaching power, chlorine is present in both +1 and -1 oxidation states. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
Both statements are correct
Both statements are incorrect
Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect
Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryConsider the reaction between benzoic acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide. Which H is lost by the acid?
the CO₂H H atom
one of the five ring H atoms
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryDraw any diastereomer of (2R,3R)-2,3-dichloropentane. Be careful to indicate proper stereochemistry. Draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the Tools (for bonds), Atoms, and Advanced Template toolbars. The single bond is active by default. Show the appropriate stereochemistry by choosing the dashed or wedged buttons and then clicking a bond on the canvas.
Organic Chemistry
Alcohols and PhenolsMultiStep Synthesis
Over the next 3 weeks, you will be conducting your own multi-step synthesis. You will be provided with cyclohexanol and all the reagents needed to make 1-butylcyclohexene.
Part 1: plan your synthesis
The order in which you conduct your reaction steps in incredibly important. Please devise your plan, send it to me and then come to lab ready to conduct the first reaction on week 1 (wednesday 02/16). Once your plan is approved, I will provide you with the experimental details for each step.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistrySketch an energy diagram that shows a conformational analysis of 2,2-dimethylpropane. Does the shape of this energy diagram more closely resemble the shape of the energy diagram for ethane or for butane?
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryThe animation starts with a roughly spherical collection of surfactant molecules, called a micelle, at the top. Which groups point into the center of the micelle?
the nonpolar organic groups
the ionic head groups
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhich of the following objects are chiral?
Check all that apply.
a screw
a remote control device
a needle
a mug with BOB written to one side of the handle
a mug with MOM written to one side of the handle
a mug with MOM written opposite the handle
a chair
a mug with BOB written opposite the handle
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryA 535.0-mL aliquot of 0.860 M aqueous potassium hydroxide is mixed with 535.0 mL of 0.860 M aqueous magnesium nitrate.
a Write a balanced chemical equation for any reaction that occurs.
(Use the lowest possible coefficients. Be sure to specify states such as (aq) or (s). If a box is not
needed, leave it blank.)
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryThe compound chromium(III) nitrate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid chromium(III) nitrate is put into water. I
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryThe compound iron (III) acetate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid iron(III) acetate is put into water.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryThe compound sodium iodide is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid sodium iodide is put into water. Include states of matter in your answer.
Organic Chemistry
Practical DetectionIn the laboratory, a student dilutes 26.6 mL of a 8.57 M hydrochloric acid solution to a total volume of 125.0 mL. What is the concentration of the diluted solution?
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryBeCl₂ in vapour state above 1200 K exists as A and below 1200 K exists as B. Which of the following is incorrect about structures A and B.
In structure A, the hybridization of Be is sp
In structure B, the hybridization of Be is sp²
In structure B, the hybridization of Be is sp³
The structure of A is linear
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhen natural gas (methane) burns, it reacts with oxygen in the air to form two new compounds, carbon dioxide and water. If 100 grams of methane and 100 grams of air are combined in a sealed container, and the mixture is allowed to react, what mass will be present in the container after the reaction takes place? The mass that will be present in the container is
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry in Daily LifeMany elements combine with hydrogen(valence = 1) to give compounds called hydrides. Use the position of an element in the periodic table to deduce its valence. Write formulas for these hydrides without using subscripts, for example XH3.
If no hydride forms, write "none".
What is the formula of the hydride formed by neon?
What is the formula of the hydride formed by barium?
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry in Daily LifeThe compound barium nitrite is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid barium nitrite is put into water.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryAdd the unshared (lone) electron pairs to the structure in the drawing window below.
• Include all valence lone pairs in your answer.
• Should you want to restart the exercise, the drop-down menu labeled == starting points == car used to redraw the starting molecule on the sketcher.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryThe compound nickel (II) sulfate is a strong electrolyte. Write the reaction when solid nickel (II) sulfate is put into water.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryIn the laboratory you dissolve 14.0 g of cobalt(II) bromide in a volumetric flask and add water to a total volume of 500 mL.
What is the molarity of the solution?
What is the concentration of the cobalt(II) cation?
What is the concentration of the bromide anion?
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhich is the correct condensed formula for difluoropropane?
CH₂CHF2
CH₂CH₂CHF2
CH3CH₂F2
CH₂F2
CH3CH₂F
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryMatch the function with the most likely compound:
Refrigerant
Scents and flavorings
Steroidal hormone
Antiseptic for surgery
Component of butter and cell
membranes
Fuel
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry in Daily LifeInorganic compounds do not contain a carbon-carbon bond. Two types of intramolecular bonds can exist in different inorganic carbon compounds. These are
lonic and metallic bonds
lonic and hydrogen bonds
Covalent and hydrogen bonds
Covalent and ionic bonds
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhat is the ionization energy of the element whose electron configuration is [Ne]3s23p¹? Include the correct units and then Describe the general trend in ionization energy as the atomic number increases down a group and The lowest ionization energies tend to belong to which group?
Organic Chemistry
IsomerismFor each of the following, write a thermochemical equation that includes an energy term within the equation.
(a) The formation of 1 mol of copper(II) chloride from its elements releases 220.1 kJ of energy.
(b) The energy absorbed when graphite is converted to diamond is 2.0 kJ/mol of graphite.
(c) The decomposition of silver chloride into its elements requires 127.1 kJ/mol of silver chloride.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhat is the name for this molecule: CH3CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂
propylamine
heptyl amine
pentylamine
hexyl amine
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryThe elementary reaction
2 H₂O(g) 2 H₂(g) + O₂(g)
proceeds at a certain temperature until the partial pressures of H₂O, H₂, and O₂ reach 0.075 bar, 0.0040 bar, and 0.0045 bar,
respectively. What is the value of the equilibrium constant at this temperature?
K =
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryFor the following reaction, 7.99 grams of benzene (C6H6) are allowed to react with 12.2 grams of oxygen gas.
benzene (C6H6)(1) + oxygen (g) → carbon dioxide(g) + water(g)
What is the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that can be formed?
What is the FORMULA for the limiting reagent?
What amount of the excess reagent remains after the reaction is complete?
grams
grams
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryFor the following reaction, 7.99 grams of benzene (C6H6) are allowed to react with 12.2 grams of oxygen gas.
benzene (C6H6) (1) + oxygen (g) → carbon dioxide(g) + water(g)
What is the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that can be formed? ____ gram
What is the FORMULA for the limiting reagent?
What amount of the excess reagent remains after the reaction is complete? ____ grams
Organic Chemistry
Practical DetectionAccording to the following reaction, how many grams of water will be formed upon the complete reaction of 26.8 grams of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)?
hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) (aq) →→→water (1) + oxygen (g)
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryDraw the structural formula
2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)decane.
Draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the Tools (for bonds), Atoms, and Advanced Template toolbars. The single bond is active by default.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhere should the recovered p-toluic acid, p-tertbutylphenol and acetanilide be disposed of?
A. They should be dissolved in water and washed down the sink.
B. They should be dumped into the inorganic waste container in the hood.
C. They should be disposed of in the organic waste container in the hood.
D. They can be put into a sealed bottle and thrown in the trash.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryDraw the structural formula of 1-bromo-2,2-dimethylpropane.
Organic Chemistry
Practical DetectionEthanol, C₂H5OH, can be converted to acetic acid (the acid in vinegar), HC₂H3O2, by the action of sodium dichromate in aqueous sulfuric acid according to the following equation.
3C₂H5OH (aq) + 2Na₂Cr₂O7 (aq) + 8H₂SO4 (aq) + 3HC₂H3O2 (aq) + 2Cr₂(SO4)3 (aq) + 2Na₂SO4 (aq) + 11H₂O
In one experiment, 24.5 g of C₂H5OH, 86.1 g of Na₂Cr₂O7, and an excess of sulfuric acid were mixed, and 26.6 g of acetic acid (HC₂H30₂) was isolated. Calculate the theoretical yields of HC₂H3O2.
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryDraw the Newman projection of hexane along the C3-C4 bond of the gauche conformer. Review the Newman projection of butane along the C2-C3 bond in the gauche conformer (Question 3). Does the amount to steric strain differ in the guache conformer of hexane compared the gauche conformer of butane? Explain
Organic Chemistry
HydrocarbonsPropose an efficient synthesis for the following transformation:
A reaction shows Ethynylcyclopentane with SMILES string of C#CC1CCCC1 forming 1-Cyclopentylacetone with SMILES string of CC(=O)CC1CCCC1.
The transformation above can be performed with some reagent or combination of the reagents listed below. Give the necessary reagent(s) in the correct order, as a string of letters (without spaces or punctuation, such as "EBF"). If there is more than one correct solution, provide just one answer.
A. Mel
B. H₂, Lindlar's catalyst
C. NaNH2
D. 1) MeMgBr 2) H3O+
E. 1) O3, 2) H2O
F. 1) R₂BH 2) H₂O₂, NaOH
G. 1) EtMgBr 2) H3O+
H. H₂O, H₂SO4, HgSO4
I. Na₂Cr₂O7, H₂SO4, H₂O
Organic Chemistry
IsomerismDraw the structural formula of trans-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane in the chair conformation.
Organic Chemistry
Alcohols and PhenolsThe bond-line structure of the compound has a SMILES string of CCCC(=O)CCC.
The conversion of 1-butanol to the given compound can be performed with some combination of the reagents listed below. Give the necessary reagents in the correct order, as a string of letters (without spaces or punctuation, such as "EBF"). If there is more than one correct solution, provide just one answer.
A. 1) CH3CH₂MgBr; 2) H3O+
B. conc. H₂SO4, heat
C. H₂, Lindlar's cat.
D. DMP or PCC
E. 1) CH3CH₂CH₂MgBr; 2) H3O+
F. Na₂Cr₂O7, H₂SO4, H₂O
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryConsider the structure of tert-butyl cation below to answer the following question:
-C+-
(a) How many electrons are in the valence shell of the carbon bearing the positive charge?
(b) Predict the bond angles about the central carbon?
(c) What hybridization do you predict for the central carbon?
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryThe conversion of 1-butanol to the given compound can be performed with some combination of the reagents listed below. Give the necessary reagents in the correct order, as a string of letters (without spaces or punctuation, such as "EBF"). If there is more than one correct solution, provide just one answer.
A. 1) MeMgBr; 2) H3O+ .
B. 1) EtMgBr; 2) H3O+
C. DMP or PCC
D. H₂, Lindlar's cat
E. conc. H₂SO4, heat
F. Na2Cr₂O7, H₂SO4, H₂O
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryFor the following reaction, 8.00 grams of benzene (C6H6) are allowed to react with 12.2 grams of oxygen gas.
benzene (C6H6) (l) + oxygen (g) → carbon dioxide (g) + water (g)
What is the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that can be formed? What is the FORMULA for the limiting reagent? What amount of the excess reagent remains after the reaction is complete?
Organic Chemistry
General organic chemistryWhich intermolecular force is primarily responsible for the interactions among alkane molecules?
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry in Daily LifeMrs. McCormick has acute psychosis and is being treated with chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine) 15 mg four times per day. What is her total daily dose of Thorazine (in mg)?