Fluids Questions and Answers

TEL 3 m 5 m 4 m 2 m s Vb One section of a 5 m wide irrigation channel that is filled with water contains an incline as shown At the top of the incline the channel is 3 m deep and the water has a speed of 2m s At the bottom of the incline the channel has a depth D and the water has a speed of v a In a coherent paragraph length response explain how the changes in the channel affect the pressure of the water in terms of the energy changes of the water D

4 A tree branch is floating in water as shown in the diagram The total volume of the branch is 1 12 m and 75 0 percent of the volume is submerged Pwater 1000 kg m a Find the mass of water displaced by the branch b Find the magnitude of the buoyancy force of water c Find the weight of the branch d Find the mass of the branch IPXSCORT

4 The dimensions of a waterbed are 2 13 m by 1 52 m by 0 38 m If the frame has a mass of 91 0 kg and the mattress is filled with water what pressure does the bed exert on the floor 5 A rectangular block of tin p 7 29 x 10 kg m has dimensions of 5 00 cm by 8 50 cm by 2 25 cm What pressure does it exert on a table top if it is lying on its side of a greatest surface area h smallest surface area

A hospital patient is being fed intravenously with a liquid of liquid is raised 1 20 m above the patient s arm where The resulting pressure this fluid exerts on his veins is 10 of the liquid 446 kg m 1 060 kg m

Learning Goal To understand the applications of Archimedes principle Archimedes principle is a powerful tool for solving many problems involving equilibrium in fluids It states the following When a body is partially or completely submerged in a fluid either a liquid or a gas the fluid exerts an upward force on the body equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body As a result of the upward Archimedes force often called the buoyant force some objects may float in a fluid and all of them appear to weigh less This is the familiar phenomenon of buoyancy Quantitatively the buoyant force can be found as Fbuoyant pfluidgV where Fbuoyant is the force Pfluid is the density of the fluid g is the magnitude of the free fall acceleration and V is the volume of the An object is placed in a fluid a or sinks to the bottom Note Part A Consider the following s The magnitude of the bu Under what circumstanc View Available Hint O for every object s O only for an object

Water is moving at through a horizontal hose at a a velocity of 2 m/sec. The radius of the hose is 0.08 m. What is the volume flow rate of the water? 0.04 m³/sec 0.4 m³/sec 4.0 m³/sec. 40.0 m³/sec

Water is moving at through a horizontal hose. The radius of the hose changes. When the radius of the hose is 0.08 m, the speed of the water is 2 m/sec. What is the radius of the hose when the speed of the water is 15 m/sec? A. 0.03 m B. 0.3 m C. 3.0 m D. 30.0 m

Atmospheric pressure is about 1.01 x 105 Pa. How large a force does the atmosphere exert on a 4 cm² on the top of your head?

When you place an egg in water, it sinks. If you add salt to the water, after some time the egg floats. Choose the correct explanation. Adding salt to the water increases its volume. When the volume of the water matches that of the egg, the egg becomes neutrally buoyant and floats. Adding salt to the water decreases its density. When the density of the water matches that of the egg, the egg becomes neutrally buoyant and floats. Adding salt to the water decreases its volume. When the volume of the water matches that of the egg, the egg becomes neutrally buoyant and floats. Adding salt to the water increases its density. When the density of the water matches that of the egg, the egg becomes neutrally buoyant and floats.

A rock with a mass of 540 g in air is found to have an apparent mass of 342 g when submerged in water. (a) What mass of water is displaced? (b) What is the volume of the rock? (c) What is its average density? Is this consistent with the value for granite? (granite has a density of 2700 kg/m³)

A 30-cm-diameter vertical cylinder is sealed at the top by a frictionless 16 kg piston. The piston is 76 cm above the bottom when the gas temperature is 306°C. The air above the piston is at 1.00 atm pressure. What is the gas pressure inside the cylinder? Express your answer with the appropriate units. What will the height of the piston be if the temperature is lowered to 19°C? Express your answer with the appropriate units.

A major artery with a cross-sectional area of 1.02 cm2 branches into 18 smaller arteries, each with an average cross-sectional area of 0.306 cm². By what factor (<1) is the average velocity of the blood reduced when it passes into these branches? 0.19

A wooden block is floating on water kept in beaker. 40% of the block is above the water surface. Now the beaker is kept inside a lift that starts going upward with acceleration equal to g/2. The block will then A sink B float with 10% above the water surface C float with 40% above the water surface D float with 70% above the water surface

A small metal sphere of radius a is falling with a velocity v through a vertical column of a viscous liquid. If the coefficient of viscosity of the liquid is n, then the sphere encounters an opposing force of: A 6πnа² v B 6nv/πa C 6πnav D πnv/6a3

A beaker with a liquid of density 1.4gcm3 is in balance over one pan of a weighing machine. If a solid of mass 10g and density 8gcm-3 is now hung from the top of that pan with a thread and sinking fully in the liquid without touching the bottom, the extra weight to be put on the other pan for balance will be

A spherical particle falling at a terminal speed in a liquid must have the gravitational force balanced by the drag force and the buoyant force. The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid, while the drag force is assumed to be given by Stokes Law: Fd=6xRny. where R is the radius of the object, 7 is the coefficient of viscosity in the fluid, and v is the terminal speed. 50% Part (a) Give the equation for terminal speed in the variables from Stokes law, and the densities of the sphere p, and the fluid pj.

Suppose there is a 0.45 mm thick layer of 20°C water between two microscope slides. The area of overlap between the two slides is 7.2 cm² What magnitude of force is needed to pull one microscope slide over the other at a speed of 0.85 cm/s? Take the viscosity of water at 20° C as 1.002

(10 points total) Tim's PhD experiment, the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, used a 1.0 x 106 kg container of heavy water, which has a density of 1110 kg/m³, submerged in normal water (density 1000 kg/m³). Ropes were used to support the container of heavy water. A. (5 points) Draw a free-body diagram for the container of heavy water in the box at right. Be sure the forces are clearly labeled. B. (5 points) Calculate the force required of the ropes to keep the heavy water in equilibrium.

A sump pump (used to drain water from the basement of houses built below the water table) is draining a flooded basement at the rate of 0.65 L/s, with an output pressure of 1.8 x 10³ Pa.

Water emerges from a faucet at a speed of 0.1 m/s. After falling a short distance, its speed increases to 0.9 m/s as a result of gravitational acceleration. By what number would you multiply the original cross sectional area of the stream to find the area at the lower position?

A block of wood of uniform density floats so that exactly a sixth of its volume is underwater. The density of water is 1000 kg/m³. (a) What is the density of the block?

3. Imagine you are measuring air pressure of an open area using an apparatus looking like the one on the right: A long glass tube, sealed at one end, has an inner diameter of 10.0 mm. You consider choosing a liquid between mercury and water to fill this apparatus to measure air pressure. (density of Hg = 13.6 g/mL, density of water = 1.00 g/mL) a) If the atmospheric pressure is 1.1 atm, how high (in meters) is the column of mercury in the tube? b) If you fill this apparatus with water, how high is the column of water in the tube? c) Based on your answer to a) and b), explain why mercury is a better option to measure air pressure than water.

Density is used to determine if the material or substance is good for the job it is built for. For example, if you want to build a boat out of wood, wouldn't you want to know if the wood floats on water? 1a) A boat builder likes to make special boats out of reclaimed wood from trees he finds at the bottom of lakes. He found a particular tree but he did not know what type of wood it was and if it would be a good density for his boat building. So he cut a piece of out of the tree that had the dimensions of 1.0 mx 0.5 mx 0.25 m and a mass of 159.4 kg. Would this wood be good to use for his boat? The density of water is 1000 kg/m³.

The liquid in the first pipe was flowing at an average speed of 18 centimeters per second. When it flowed into the second pipe, the average speed increased to 72 centimeters per second. If the radius of the first pipe was 4.6 centimeters, what was the radius of the second pipe?

The liquid in the tube has a density of 13,600 kilograms per cubic meter. The atmospheric pressure is 1.013 x 105 newtons per square meter. The pressure P is most nearly (a) 1.05 × 105 Pa 10 (b) 1.25 x 105 Pa (c) 1.33 x 105 Pa (d) 1.47 x 105 Pa

A 6.5-cm-diameter ball has a terminal speed of 16 m/s. Part A What is the ball's mass? Use p = 1.2 kg/m³ for the density of air at room temperature. Express your answer with the appropriate units.

Two identical glasses are filled to the same level with water. One of the two glasses has a large ice cube floating partially submerged in it. Which glass weighs more? . . A) The glass without the ice cube . B) The glass with the ice cube C) Neither they have the same weight • D) There's not enough information to decide O A D C B -

Styrofoam has a density of 32 kg/m³. What is the maximum mass that can hang without sinking from a 80-cm diameter Styrofoam sphere in water? Assume the volume of the mass is negligible compared to that of the sphere. Express your answer with the appropriate units.

Air at 20°C flows through the tube shown in (Figure 1). Assume that air is an ideal fluid. The density of air is 1.20 kg/m³, the density of mercury is 13600 kg/m³. Suppose that d₁ = 3.00 mm and d₂ = 1.40 cm.

Water flowing through a 2.1-cm-diameter pipe can fill a 400 L bathtub in 5.1 min.

A fire hose exerts a force on the person holding it. This is because the water accelerates as it goes from the hose through the nozzle. Part A. How much force is required to hold a 10-cm-diameter hose delivering 500 L/min through a 0.75-cm-diameter nozzle? Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.

The Army Corp of Engineers is working on the dam that holds back Boone Lake. A diver is inspecting the dam at a depth of 6.7 meters below the surface of the water. What is the total pressure at this depth? Pa A small hole opens up in the dam at this depth. How fast does the water squirt out of the dam? m/s

When a solid object is completely submerged in ethyl alcohol, its apparent weight is 16.4 N and when completely submerged in water, its apparent weight is 11.4 N. Determine the volume of the object. Use 790 kg/m³ as the density of the ethyl alcohol and 1000 kg/m³ as the density of water.

A ball of mass 10 kg is held under the surface of a pool. The instant it is released, it has an instantaneous acceleration of 4 m/sec² towards the bottom of the pool. You note that the net force must be equal to the difference between the weight of the ball and the buoyant force acting on it. What is the volume of the ball? 0.7 m^3 0.006 m^3 0.08 m^3 0.01 m^3

A small sphere of mass 9.20 x 10^-5 kg and radius 5.90 x 10^-4 m falls through a fluid of viscosity 0.36 kg/(ms). Assume that the viscous force (or drag force) is given by Stokes' Law. (a) Calculate the viscous force (in N) when the sphere has a speed of 3.4 cm/s. (b) What is the terminal speed (in cm/s) of the sphere?

An oceanic depth-sounding vessel surveys the ocean bottom with ultrasonic sound that travels 1,530 m/s in seawater. How deep is the water if the time delay of the echo from the ocean floor is 6.0 s? Answer:

In a hydraulic system, the input piston has a diameter of 4 inches and the output piston has a diameter of 9.6 inches. What is the mechanical advantage (MA) of the system? (A)5.76 (B)24.8 (C)1.44 (D)18.3

The figure below shows a horizontal pipe with a varying cross section. A liquid with a density of 1.65 g/cm³ flows from left to right in the pipe, from larger to smaller cross section. The left side's cross-sectional area is 10.0 cm², and while in this side, the speed of the liquid is 2.83 m/s, and the pressure is 1.20*10⁵ Pa. The right side's cross sectional-area is 4.00 cm². (a) What is the speed (in m/s) of the liquid in the right side (the smaller section)? (Enter your answer to at least three significant figures.) (b) What is the pressure (in Pa) of the liquid in the right side (the smaller section)?

A liquid (p = 1.65 g/cm³) flows through two horizontal sections of tubing joined end to end. In the first section the cross-sectional area is 10.0 cm², the flow speed is 255 cm/s, and the pressure is 1.20 x 105 Pa. In the second section the cross-sectional area is 4.50 cm². (a) Calculate the smaller section's flow speed. (b) Calculate the smaller section's pressure.

Pr2. A 4-m vertical water pipe with the cross-sectional area 6 cm² is connected to a system under the pressure p1 at the bottom end and is joined to a horizontal pipe with the cross-sectional area 2 cm² at the other end. The water flows out of the horizontal pipe at a speed of 4. Find a) The rate of flow in (11-10^-3 m3) b) The speed v2 at the horizontal open end in m/s c) The pressure p1 at the bottom end of the horizontal pipe in atm

Three column barometers are built. One uses glycerin, one uses freshwater, and one uses seawater. If all three are measured side by side and at the same time, in which will the column be tallest? The glycerin barometer The freshwater barometer The seawater barometer They all have the same height

Water flows through a garden hose at 178 cm/s. It fills a 20.0-liter bucket (1 liter = 1000 cm³) with water in a total time of 45.0 seconds. What is the cross-sectional area of the hose? 4.01 cm² 0.025 cm² 2.50 cm² 5.06 cm2

An hydraulic press has an input piston of area 24 in2. If the output piston has an area of 110 in2, how much input force is required to lift a car of 3500 lbs? 1600 lbs 71 lbs 760 lbs 16,000 lbs

At a Wawa fill station, the air in a truck tire is measured to have a pressure of 80.0 psi. If the total area of the tire's sidewalls is 1200 in2, what is the gauge pressure in the tires? 110,000 psi 94.7 psi 18,000 psi 80.0 psi

Water flows through a pipe with decreasing cross-sectional area. Which one of the following statements is true? The speed of the water remains constant, while its pressure increases The speed of the water increases, while its pressure remains constant The speed of the water increases, while its pressure decreases The speed of the water decreases, while its pressure increases

A water balloon is half filled with water and then sealed off. If you squeeze on the part of the balloon holding air at the top, you can get the part with water at the bottom to bulge out. Explain why.

A metal block is suspended from a spring scale and weighs 5.4 N. The block is lowered into water until completely submerged. The spring scale now reads 3.4 N. What is the buoyant force acting on the block when it is submerged in water?

A very deep alpine lake has a depth of about 350 m. a) How does the pressure at the bottom of the lake compare to the pressure at the top? Explain. b) Calculate the difference between the pressure at the bottom of the lake and at the top.

Air flows horizontally over the opening of a straw placed in a beaker of water. a) Sketch the situation. b) If the speed of the air is increased, what happens to the level of the water in the straw? Explain.

A sealed syringe is half filled with air. If you pull the plunger out what will happen to the pressure inside the syringe? Explain. b) If the syringe is pulled out so that the volume is doubled, by how much does the pressure change?