Anatomy and Physiology Questions

Diffusion is always from areas of greater to areas of lesser concentration O True O False

Figure 31 Site of synthesis of lipid and steroid molecules

Which is true concerning muscle tissue O highly cellular and well vascularized cuboidal shape enhances function contains contractile units made of collagen O is a single celled tissue

What is the shape of this tissue O flat O cylindrical spindle O branching

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lines the respiratory tract aids in digestion O possesses no goblet cells is not an epithelial classification

Identify the tissue cilia goblet cell O Transitional epithelium O Pseudostratified columnar epithelium O Simple columnar epithelium Stratified coumois anitholi

D PO Figure 31 Using Figure 31 match the following Replicate for cell division E

Question 45 Identify the tissue keratinized layers Transitional epithelium Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Simple columnar epithelium Stratified squamous epithelium

Which of the following is a single celled layer of epithelium that forms the lining of serous membranes O simple transitional O simple columnar O simple squamous O simple cuboidal

The functions of centrioles include O organizing the mitotic spindle in cell division providing a whiplike beating motion to move substances along cell surfaces serving as the site for ribosomal RNA synthesis O producing ATP

Epithelial tissue O is highly vascularized O has a basement membrane O is usually acellular O contains a number of neuron types

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zes 310131 take Match the cytoplasmic organel RNA and protein containing particles for protein synthesis stack of membranous flattened sacs responsible for processing packaging and distributing proteins or other substances outside boundary of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell lipid metabolism and production and drug detoxification no ribosomes present double membrane organelle for cellula respiration sugar is broken down to produce has ribosomes attached for protein an membrane production built of microtubules centrioles are involved in spindle production during cell division thin fibers of DNA and protein coils into chromosomes during cell division

Which structures are fingertike projections that greatly increase the absorbing surface of cells stereocilia microvilli O cilia O flagella

Which structures are fingerlike projections that greatly increase the absorbing surface of cells stereocilia O microvilli cilia O flagella

Figure 3 2 geeggoogl olga E 4 Integral protein Cell Exterior Using Figure 3 2 match the following B C Cell Interior

000000000 Figure 3 2 gegoodg E axbo L Using Figure 3 2 match the following Cell Exterior Identification tags for the cell B Cell Interior

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Lysosomes are always used for the cell to commit suicide O contain acid hydrolases that are potentially dangerous to the cell O maintain a highly alkaline internal environment are the major site of protein synthesis

The cell is the basic unit of life The following is a glossary of animal cell terms All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane The cell membrane is semipermeable allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others It is composed of a double layer of phospholipids and embedded proteins Plant cells have an additional layer surrounding them called the cell wall The cell wall is made of nonliving material called cellulose The centrosome also called the microtubule organizing center is a small body located near the nucleus The centrosome is where microtubules are made During cell division mitosis the centrosome divides and the two parts move to opposite sides of the dividing cell The centriole is the dense center of the centrosome Only animal cells have centrosomes At what level of organization does life begin

In osmosis movement of water occurs toward the solution with the lower solute concentration O True O False

17 As Ht move through the above protein the protein changes shape due to the electrical charge and accomplishes work This work is the bonding of inorganic phosphate molecules bonded to thus forming nin

16 Cell numbers are often reported as percentages as well as actual numbers like in the report above but when one cell type has an abnormally high or low number it changes the percentages of all blood cell types Therefore when looking for abnormal counts you should always use the actual number not the percentage Which cell type or coun is most abnormal in the test above

23 Theresa and John and thrilled to learn that they are to be parents for the first time Theresa goes in for her routine pre natal check up and finds that her blood type is O negative but John has Rh positive blood so there is a chance that their child will be positive For the following questions assume that the fetus is Rh positive a When will Theresa first be exposed to Rh antigens Be specific b When will she produce anti Rh antibodies Be specific c Will her first child be affected by anti Rh antibodies Why or why not

18 For the antigen antibody combinations below indicate whether you expect to see agglutination or not Blood Type antigen A B AB O AB A A A Mr Smith Ms Jones Antibody Anti B Anti B Anti A Anti A Anti D Anti D Anti A 19 Fill in the Blood Type based on the agglutination reaction data in the table below Result Agglutination No Agglutination Anti A Serum Anti B Serum Anti D Serum Blood Type

12 How is serum different from plasma 13 Analyze An Abnormal Complete Blood Count CBC 15 Min CBC values vary by age and sex Normal values are determined by the laboratory where the test is performed Compare the patient s values to the normal range reported use the column on the right then answer the questions that follow Assume that your patient is a 24 year old woman who is not pregnant Category WBCS neutrophils lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils RBCs Normal range 4 500 11 000 per l 2813 6696 per l 50 70 1406 3348 per ul 25 35 225 574 per l 4 6 56 287 per l 1 3 23 96 per l 0 4 1 4 2 5 0 million l Patient s values 8595 per l 6800 per l 79 1457 per l 17 239 per l 3 68 per l 1 31 per l 0 1 4 7 million per ul High Low Normal

Mitochondria are always the same shape are single membrane structures involved in the breakdown of ATP contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function synthesize proteins for use outside the cell

A Figure 3 2 E Cell Exterior Hydrophilic portion Using Figure 3 2 match the following B C Cell Interior

Ca ctional folds ACh cholinesterase arcolemma 1 2 3 neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junction membrane surrounding muscle fiber portion of sarcolemma containing ACh receptors ion triggering exocytosis

Passive membrane transport processes include O movement of a substance down its concentration gradient O movement of water from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration O consumption of ATP O the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration

isometric myofilaments dystrophin sarcolemma tropomyosin has an affinity for myosin binding sites in the absence of calcium During an exercise where muscles do not shorten The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is the contractions have occurred is a missing protein in Duschenne 19s muscular dystrophy The two proteins directly involved in muscle contraction are broadly called

Although all the anatomical parts of muscle work together to give it it s characteristics which of the following proteins listed below would be most associated with the characteristics of contractility O thick myosin filaments O potassium K leak channels voltage gated sodium channels elastic titin filaments

During development embryonic cells will fuse to form muscle fibers This will result in O the striations that appear in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues O the coordination of nerve signals to muscle fibers O interlocking of cells that can prevent the filaments from sliding Omultinucleated muscle fibers that can extend as long as 30 centimeters

35 F igure Which of the following best describes the role of acetylcholinesterase molecules at the neuromuscular junction View Available Hint s Acetylcholinesterase breaks down ACh which allows chemically gated ion channels to close O Acetylcholinesterase molecules close once ACh is released which decreases the sarcolemma s permeability to Nat and K Acetylcholinesterase prevents Na and K from passing through chemically gated ion channels O Acetylcholinesterase binds ACh preventing it from binding to chemically gated ion channels

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c What is the source of carbon dioxide Where did the carbon and oxygen atoms come from Explain

In cholera bacterial toxins stimulate epithelial cells lining the small intestine to over secrete solu into the lumen of the small intestine Which of the following symptoms might occur in someone with cholera O Constipation O Dehydration O Weight gain

15 These proteins accept a pair of high energy electrons from NADH and FADH As is son the electrons are passed from protein to protein work is sometimes accomplished What is that work Tay ThL 79 1970 19E LINE

Which of the following best describes how ACh changes the ion permeability of the sarcolemma View Available Hint s O ACh entry into the muscle fiber causes Ca2 to be released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum O ACh activates acetylcholinesterase O ACh entry into the axon terminal causes neurotransmitter release O ACh binds to receptors in the junctional folds

Of the following items listed below which is the best description for why skeletal muscle stores glycogen O Skeletal muscle is a heavy consumer of energy The glycogen is an insulating layer that helps regulate body temperature O Glycogen provides a smooth surface for filaments to slide on O Glycogen is part of muscles rigid supporting framework

a Are fermenting yeast cells producing carbon dioxide How do you know seus pr DUGUT INIM

22 Mary has been in an accident and is losing a great deal of blood from damage to her femoral artery Paramedics arrive in time to rush Mary to the closest Emergency Room The attending medical team determines Mary s blood group to be O positive a Why should Mary not be given type A blood b What is the correct blood group match for Mary Why

14 On the cristae of the mitochondria there are groups of proteins many are called and this group is known as the Vcytochromes

16 The reservoir of H diffuses back into the matrix in a process known as chemiosmosis Through what protein do these ions move Where is it located

An anion like X is found in greater concentration inside the cell than outside Which of the following statements best describes forces acting on the anion at the resting membrane potential 70 mV O The chemical force is directed into the cell and the electrical force is directed out of the cell O Both the chemical and electrical forces are directed out of the cell O The chemical force is directed out of the cell and the electrical force is directed into the cell Both the chemical and electrical forces are directed into the cell O There is insufficient information to answer this question

Oxygen starved tissues can release chemical signals into the blood that can change the diameter of nearby blood vessels delivering oxygen and nutrients to the tissues In doing so the blood vessels will respond through vasodilation widening of the vessel Which muscle type is responsible for this vasodilation striated muscle cardiac muscle skeletal muscle smooth muscle

b If you strike a match in air it ignites into flame What do you suppose would happen if you placed the lit match in the gas accumulated in the U tube Why

An anaerobic metabolic pathway that results in the production of two net ATPS per glucose plus two pyruvic acid molecules is glycolysis O the electron transport chain O hydrolysis O the citric acid cycle

18 What is the net production of ATP NADH and FADH2 in glycolysis preparation for the Citric Acid Cycle the Citric Acid Cycle and the Electron Transport System out

vesicle ACh Ca channel Motor neuron JUKUM Ca PRUKLE S