Biology Questions

of unemployment Full Employment is zero rate of unemployment If an employee has overqualified education experience or skills he or she is underemployed Underemployment rate is always higher than unemployment rate O US adopts employment at will doctrine which makes it easier for US companie to hire and fire workers Question 26 3 points Listen Real GDP is calculated as to have the output in each year multiplied by the prices in the base year Onominal GDP divided by each year s prices the output in each year multiplied by each year s prices

Homeless Stay at home parents Full time students Part time employees Retirees Question 30 3 points 4Listen Suppose a small economy produce 400 billion GDP in year one In year two 420 billion GDP was produced What is the growth rate of GDP for the country in year 2 4 5 1 10

Consider Learning Materials 5 as well as the other learning materials and instructor presentations both recorded and live from the structural wave module Respond to this prompt in 250 300 words How have we gone from the success of the Sanitation Movement to stories like those found in readings 4 and 5 in Learning Materials 5 Rural Talk Water the hidden challenge in rural NCLinks to an external site Mention at least one of the readings from Learning Materials 5 Don t forget to provide the reference and citation if necessary Ctrl

US government US businesses Foreigners Question 28 3 points 4 Listen What is the structural unemployment O George used to work in an automotive assembly plant He was laid off six months ago as the economy weakened He expects to return to work when national economic conditions improve Jeanette worked for a company that produces manufacturing goods She recently lost her job when the company moved the factory overseas Sarah moved to a new place and is currently looking for a job botter in that better fits h

A peak in the business cycle is a temporary minimum point or real GDP occurs when the inflation rate is its lowest O occurs when the unemployment rate is its greatest is a temporary maximum point of real GDP

Can you change your identity To what extent does the speaker change their Fy identity Your in change for

expands from 14 to 15 million people from one year to the next Over the year real GDP per capita has decreased by 533 per person decreased by 25 per person increased by 533 per person increased by 25 per person Question 33 3 points 4 Listen What is NOT a correct statement about investment in economics Acquiring capital goods is investment The opposite word for investment is consumption Investment increases labor productivity and productive capacity Purchasing financial assets i e company share is investment

1 Draw an example of a human cell and label the subcellular components Including all components discussed in lecture 2 In a sentence or two explain define each subcellular component in your drawing 3 Create at least two analogies to explain the function or general function of some or all parts of the cell

Match the type of muscle with the appropriate description Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins Striated and voluntary Cardiac Attached to bones Found only in the heart Striated and involuntary Smooth In walls of hollow internal organs Long multinucleated cells Spindle shaped cells Skeletal Reset Short branched ce with intercalated dis

After biochemical fractionation to collect membranes from the vacuole and the endoplasmic reticulum only the ER membranes allow passage of the Ca2 ions What is the most likely explanation The membranes must have different lipid and different protein composition different lipid composition different carbohydrate composition different protein composition

ssion S a researcher and medical doctor you make several observations about the appear atients that you see Bacteria are always associated with ulcers Ulcers are cured by antibiotics Cured only when bacteria are eradicated otherwise chronic ich of the following would be the correct application of Koch s postulates 3 pts 1 Certain bacteria are always associated with an ulcer and these are not found in individuals without ulcers 2 These bacteria have been isolated from patients with an ulcer and grown in pure culture 3 When these bacteria are introduced to a new host an ulcer occurs 4 The same bacteria are recovered from the individual with the ulcer 1 Certain bacteria are sometimes associated with an ulcer and these are usually not found in ndividuals without ulcers 2 These bacteria have been isolated from patients with an ulcer and grown in pure culture 3 When these bacteria are introduced to a new host an ulcer occurs in most ndividuals 4 The same bacteria are recovered from the individual with the ulcer Certain bacteria have been isolated from patients with an ulcer and grown in pure culture 2 hese bacteria are sometimes associated with an ulcer and these are usually not found in dividuals without ulcers 3 When these bacteria are introduced to a new host an ulcer occurs 4 he same bacteria are recovered from the individual with the ulcer

sten Cholesterol is a 11 which terpene is the basis for many animal and plant vitamins fatty acid functions in energy storage steroid is the basis for many animal and plant hormones steroid is a component of eukaryotic membranes and is the basis for many animal and plant

Triacylglycerols Pectins Steroids Fatty acids Question 2 1 point Listen Membranes from cells grown in media enriched with stearate are less fluid than normal membranes This is because the cultured membranes probably have fewer sterols compared to normal membranes the cultured membranes have more unsaturated fatty acids compared to normal membranes the cultured membranes have a lower transition temperature compared to normal membranes ultured membranes have more saturated fatty acids compared to normal

You want to recreate the experiment by Louis Pasteur so you take an environmental sample boil it in water to kill microbes but you find microbial growth occurred anyway Why 2 pts A The presence of endospores abiewola merio eoa B The presence of fruiting bodies of bacteria C The presence of anaerobic bacteria The presence of some microbes by spontaneous generation due

The most prominent lipids in animal cell membranes are Ophospholipids O cholesterol O cerebrosides glycolipids

Of the following molecules which would you predict diffuses most readily across membranes Water Hydrogen ions Oxygen Sodium ions

Which of the following is not one of the six classes of lipids Triacylglycerols Pectins Steroids Fatty acids

How can weak acids and weak bases cause pH stress to cells 2 pts A At certain pHs both weak acids or weak bases will be uncharged and thus are small uncharged molecules that can diffuse across a membrane and cause pH stress inside the cell 5 Only weak acids can cause stress by diffusing across a membrane at low pH Weak acids and weak bases do not cause stress If a cell has transporters that are not well regulated weak acids or weak bases can accumulate inside the cells and cause stress

fluidity fatty acids have Unsaturated no double bonds Unsaturated double bonds Saturated no double bonds Saturated double bonds and contribute to increased membrane

Each of the following is a type of cell cell junctions except adhesive O tight Ogap All of the above

Listen The term amphipathic describes the characteristic of some molecules that have two polar regions only a single polar region both a polar and a nonpolar region two nonpolar regions

find any channel proteins specific of ATP you find that the organism can still transport potassium However you also Na is also moved out of the cell at this time and there is usually a high concentration of sodium ifl cell What is the mechanism of potassium transport in this bacterium 3 pts A Group translocation B Diffusion C Symport Antiport 10 You have isolated a bacterium from the rumen of a cow and wish to know how it transports glucose into the organism is grown in media in the presence and absence of inhibitors of ABC transporters The the cell You perform an experiment that shows uptake of radioactively labeled glucose is equal when concentrations of major ions such as potassium and sodium do not change in concentration inside the cell as glucose is taken up You know that the concentration of glucose is low in the environment and so is higher in the cell than in the environment What is the mechanism of glucose transport in this cell 3 pts A Group translocation B Diffusion 11 You are studying gut microbes and have several in culture Your first step in characterizing these microbes indicate most have two lipid bilayer membranes separated by peptidoglycan There are also porin A Gram negative B Gram positive C Archaea D Mycobacteria C Antiporter D ABC transporter 12 You are studying life forms in extreme environments and you have discovered a microorganism with cardiolipin hopanoids and ester linkages in the membrane It also has teichoic acids galactans and phenolic glycolipids in the cell wall In addition it has a porin similar to OmpA This microorganism is most likely a type of 2 pts A Mycobacteria B Gram positive C Gram negative D Archaea 13 You have isolated two novel archaea that you name M tardis and M palustre Both have a proteinaceous S layer and no pseudomurein cell wall Based on your knowledge of Gram staining predict how these microbes will stain and for which type of bacteria they might get confused 2 pts A Pink and Gram positive B Pink and Gram negative e Purple and Gram positive D Purple and Gram negative 14 In order for septation to occur which process must finish first 2 pts A Transcription B Translation C DNA Replication D Cell Wall Synthesis

20 You are measuring growth in a bacterial culture The number of viable cells remains constant and when you check the medium you find that the carbon source has been used up In which phase of growth is the culture 2 pts A Stationary phase B Lag phase C Log phase D Death phase Use the following for next 2 questions A death phase B lag phase C log phase D stationary phase The recipe for MacConkey agar is given below MacConkey agar is often used to differentiate E coli from other on peptone and appear white Be sure to read the function of all ingredients in the media Gram negative rods because E coli can ferment lactose and produces acid Other Gram negative rods grow Ingredient Peptone Lactose ase would penicillin an antibiotic that inhibits cell wall synthesis be most effective Bile salts NaCl Neutral red Crystal violet Agar pagin efalumb Function Nutrient source C and fermentation source inhibits growth of Gram positive cells Major metal pH indicator red at low pH clear at neutral pH inhibits growth of gram positive cells Solidifying agent Amount 17 g 10 g 1 5 g 21 What types of media is MacConkey agar from this list pick all that apply complex defined selective differential Why 5 pts 5 g 0 03 g 0 001 g 13 5 g via 8 0 22 Now suppose you streaked E coli on the left half of a MacConkey Agar plate and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the other What describes what that plate would look like after an appropriate incubation period and why would it look that way Hint Pseudomonas is a Gram negative rod that cannot ferment

Hemoglobin is a protein that is destined to be exported from the cell in which it was created What is the path of hemoglobin from creation to export free ribosome vessicle to golgi apparatus vessicle to plasma membrane free ribosome chaperonin enzymes vessicle to plasma membrane exported from cell bound ribosome on Rough ER modification in Rough ER vessicle to Golgi apparatus modification in Golgi apparatus vessicle to plasma membrane exported from cell bound ribosome on Smooth ER modification in Smooth ER vessicle to plasma membrane export from cell

The Monroe Doctrine was passed to deal with the issue of Foreign Policy Asia Trade Asia Foreign Policy Europe Trade Furone between the United States and

cutting tropical trees is A is sustainable because new forces replace old forces within a few years B is not sustainable because extensive cutting causes runoff of rain to overfill aquifers c is sustainable because net primary production increases with a rapid regowth of plants d is sustainable as long as the rat of removal equals the rate of recovery e is sustainable because it decreases biodiversity

What two people did Jefferson assign to map out and explore territory reaching all the way to the west coast of North America Lois and Clark Clark and Sacajawea Mayweather and Johnson Lewis and Clark

Which of the following statements about gastropods is FALSE Torsion creates a sanitation problem because it moves the mantle cavity to the anterior All gastropods undergo torsion during development The evolution of the conispiral shell eventually led to the loss of the gills on one side of the body Coiling involves a complete 180 degree rotation of the shell and visceral mass with respect to the head and foot

Match the structures with the correct function Note that not all functions will be used pneumostome crystalline style siphuncle metanephridia 1 sensation 2 protection 3 feeding 4 reproduction 5 respiration 6 excretion osmoregulation 7 buoyancy control

Bivalvia Polyplacophora Gastropoda Cephalopoda Question 9 1 point D If a drug was administered to the chromatophores of a cephalopod mollusk that caused the radial muscles to completely relax what impact would this have Listen the chromatophores would open and the animal would appear darker in color ad the animal would appear lighter in color

only a diffuse subepidermal nerve plexus underneath the ventral skin a simple brain of ganglion cells leading to a ladder type nerve network only sensory and motor neurons but no association neurons the first complex central nervous system no cells since they were lost along with other unnecessary systems in parasites Question 2 1 point Listen Which stages of the life cycle of a digenetic fluke are asexual Select all that apply sporocyst cercaria redia motacorcoria

Which groups of mollusks have a closed circulatory system select all that apply Cephalopods Polyplacophora Bivalves Gastropods

A parasitic worm is extracted from the intestines of a sick dog How can you determine whether this worm is a trematode or a cestode In the first blank give one unique trait that would allow you to identify the organism as a trematode A trait that would allow you to identify the organism as a cestode In the second blank give one unique

Identify the cells found within the tissue shown

Name this tissue 10

A Identify the cells found within the tissue labeled A A

II What values did Sun Yatsen s Three People s Principles encompass 12 Why in his reorganisation of the GMD did Sun put such emphasis on the military

Part A Identify the cells found within this tissue

The intervertebral discs are found between the of the vertebrae bodies spinous processes transverse processes vertebral foramen

When viewing the vertebral column laterally the spinal cord can be seen through the a foramen magnum b vertebral foramen Oc intervertebral foramen d transverse foramen

A B

Identify the cells found within the tissue shown Submit Previous Answers Request Answer A B

Select the description that applies to each of the 4 fundamental elements of a Medical term Combining vowel Prefix Suffix Choose Choose Choose Word root Choose

Why did China decline into warlordism after Yuan Shikai s death On Yuan Shikai s death a confused period of infighting among Beijing army commanders followed from which General Duan Qirui Tuan Chi jui emerged as premier Although his authority was very limited since central rule was breaking down in China he attempted to crush his opponents by force This resulted in violent clashes on the streets of Beijing Hoping to exploit the disturbed atmosphere General Zhang Xun Chang Hsun marched on the capital in June 1917 with the aim of restoring the Qing dynasty Zhang s efforts ended in confusion and failure and Duan Qirui retained office as premier The weakness of the republic The disorder and vying for power at the top that followed Yuan s death in 1916 clearly illustrated that central authority in China had become enfeebled The republican government under Duan Qirui continued nominally to function in Beijing but it exercised little real power It was split between rival factions the most prominent being the Anhui the Fengtien and the Chihli groups named after the regions from which they came Although they styled themselves parties none of them represented a clearly defined principle and they were barely distinguishable from each other They were no more than cliques bidding for power While the forms of central government remained intact it was evident that the republic was beginning to fragment The weakness of the republican government was most evident in its difficulty in maintaining an army strong and loyal enough to impose central authority on the provinces It became impossible to sustain civilian government in these areas As a direct consequence the local regions fell under the domination of what were in effect a series of private armies whose commanders in chief assumed civil as well as military authority The power of the sword predominated Within their own provinces the military commanders or warlords became autocrats who administered their own legal financial and taxation systems and invariably became a terror to the local people The

1 g L is equal to 0 001 g mL O 1000 mg L O 100 ng mL O 1000 ng L Question 6 1 point 0 1 mg L is equal to O 100 ng L O 0 001 g L O 100 g L

How many microliters of the PCR buffer do you need to add to the PCR reaction No need to add the microliters unit to your answer just the number PCR Components H O PCR Buffer MgCl2 dNTPs Forward primer Reverse primer DNA template Tag DNA pol Total volume Concentration of the stock sample 20X 75 mM 20 mM 5 M 5 M 0 01 ng L 1 U L Target concentration in reaction tube 1X 1 5 mM 0 2 mM 0 2 M 0 2 M 0 1 ng 50 L 5 U 50 L Volume per reaction 50 L

2 Why do we need to maintain lower speed during centrifugation of cell lysate 3 Describe differential centrifugation 4 Draw the structure of SDH 5 Describe separation of nuclei and mitochondria from plant tissue NDU

1 What is the purpose of using Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation in protein isolation and how does it work 2 Why is it necessary to perform further purification steps after ammonium sulfate precipitation in protein isolation 3 How does ion exchange chromatography contribute to the purification of proteins from spinach leaves and what property of proteins does it exploit 4 Explain the role of NaCl in ion exchange chromatography and how it helps to elute proteins from the column 5 What analytical technique is used to determine protein concentration during ion exchange chromatography and why is this important in the process

1 What are the key principles behind SDS PAGE Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and how does it aid in protein analysis during the isolation process 2 Can you explain the significance of Western blot analysis in protein research and how complements other protein purification techniques 3 In ion exchange chromatography how do you determine the optimal concentration of NaCl required to elute proteins with high affinity for the column 4 Are there specific challenges or considerations when isolating proteins from plant tissues like spinach leaves compared to other sources 5 What are some potential applications or downstream experiments that researchers might conduct after successfully isolating and purifying a specific protein from spinach leaves

lon exchange column We will be using Q Sepharose fast flow columns to perform ion exchange chromatography to further purify RuBisCo from other proteins The resin in the column consists of tiny spherical beads of cross linked 6 agarose with bound dextran having a positive charge known as an anionic exchanger thus allowing negatively charged proteins to adhere to the beads in the column Applying our samples through the columns will enable us to separate proteins based on their affinities for the positively charged column resin There is approximately 5 mL of Q Sepharose packed into the column