Human Physiology - Circulatory System Questions and Answers

Rank the types of lightbulbs from MOST ENERGY USE to LEAST ENERGY USE. A. incandescent > LED > CFL B. incandescent > CFL > LED C. LED> incandescent > CFL D. CFL> incandescent > LED

What organs can be affected by the radiation like the liver, and explain the bruises and prolonged bleeding (besides of the absences of platelets of course)?

Read through the scenarios below and determine in which cases an immune reaction would be expected (which are problematic)? If an immune reaction would occur, identify whether it would be due to blood type or Rh factor incompatibility (or both!). +

From what source is the blood (pictured below) produced? A victim bleeding out Splashes from moving blood Passive drops from falling blood Smeared blood from a struggle

What is the heart's "pacemaker"? A. aorta B. veins C. SA Node D. arteries

2. A person with blood cell type A, antigen__on the surface of ____ and antibodies in plasma. These antibodies are always _____ O a. antigen B, red blood cells, anti-A, IgM O b. antigen A, red blood cells, anti-B, IgM O c. antigen A, lymphocyte B, anti-B, IgM d. antigen B, lymphocyte B, anti-A, IgG O e. none of the above

2. Basophils are a type of white blood cells(WBC) that release in response to a. lysozyme; inflammation and allergies b. histamine; inflammation and allergies c. histamine; allergies d. prostaglandin; inflammation e. cytokines; allergies

9. The first stage of inflammation is... a. Vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels b. Move of fluids from blood to tissues c. Phagocyte migration and phagocytosis d. Phagocytes die and form pus e. Dead or damaged cells are removed and replaced by new cells = tissue repair

What is the most likely explanation of the positive autocontrol? A. The patient is producing an autoantibody. B. Newly formed antibody is attached to red cells in vivo. C. Chemo treatment is producing a positive DAT. D. Newly formed antibody is attaching to recently transfused donor cells.

John Alavent has hemophilia. An injury will cause John to A) form a clot quickly B) bleed for a long period of time C spontaneously bleed from many sites D) develop deep venous thrombosis

The development of hemolytic disease of the newborn requires that the Mother be Rh+ and fetus be Rh+ Mother be Rh- and fetus be Rh- Mother be Rh+ and the fetus be Rh- Mother be Rh- and fetus be Rh+

What is the main problem that results in autoimmune diseases? The body fails to distinguish between self and nonself antigens. Macrophages are not working. There is too much IgD in the blood. Helper T cells are not functioning correctly.

Which of the following statements concerning rubella immunization is correct? Select one: a. The rubella vaccine given in childhood can protect both the child and any children that she may bear in the future. b. A pregnant woman who contracts rubella should be immunized to protect her unborn child. c. A child born with congenital rubella may be immunized to prevent recurrence of the disease. d. Administration of the rubella vaccine at 12 to 15 months of age is good protection against congenital rubella.

The ______ within arteries' _____ allow them to regulate their diameter. Smooth Muscle; tunica interna Elastin; tunica interna Elastin; tunica media Smooth Muscle; tunica media

Which of these describes acquired immunity? A. the binding of antigen and antibody triggering a response of plasma and memory b-cells to attack B. t-cells and macrophages fighting infected cells that are non-self or cancerous C. our body remembering pathogens it has fought off or learning from vaccines D. obtaining immunity from an outside source, like mother to baby

The correct order of steps for Hemostasis is: Injury, spasm, platelet plug, coagulation Injury, platelet plug, vasoconstriction, clot Injury, spasm, coagulation, platelet plug Injury, vasodilation, platelet plug. coagulation

A person with AB blood has _____ antigens on their surface and produce ______ antibodies. No; A & B A & B; A & B A; B A& B; No

Within your blood, the majority of carbon dioxide is transported by this means: Dissolved in blood plasma Attached to heme portion of hemoglobin In the form of bicarbonate Attached to the globin portion of hemoglobin

Which is NOT a homeostatic response to shock? Secretion of anti-diuretic hormone Release of local vasodilators Activation of the sympathetic nervous system Increase blood flow to the limbs

Within limits, the longer, more stretched, the heart fibers are at the beginning of contractions, the stronger the contraction and the larger the stroke volume, is referred to as Law of contractibility Starling's law of the heart Hunt's law of the heart Law of cardiac flexibility

A patient does not have any antigens on the surface of her red blood cells. Which of the following options is NOT correct about her? She cannot receive blood from a person with blood type A. She cannot receive blood from any of the blood types except for blood type O. Her blood type is O. In her blood plasma, she does not have antibodies against antigens A and B.

At an outpatient facility, the next patient is having several tubes of blood collected. The patient states that they have been driving in a hot car all day after the air conditioning failed and is starving. The patient is drinking water while sitting in the waiting room. This situation increases the patient's risk of which of the following?

a) Draw the structures of the three antigens that determine the blood type in humans. i.e. draw the structures of the sugars that give the blood types O, A, B, and AB. Indicate on each sugar the blood type. b) Draw the blood donation scheme.

Which statement most accurately describes hematocrit? the fraction of red blood cells in a blood sample the volume of plasma in a blood sample the molecule in red blood cells that transports oxygen a blood disorder

Suppose that a potential blood donor has type A+ blood. Classify the recipient's blood types as compatible or incompatible.. Able to receive type A+ blood Unable to receive type A+ blood

Suppose that a potential blood recipient has type A blood. Classify the donors' blood types as compatible or incompatible. Able to donate to type A- blood Unable to donate to type A- blood

Chronic inflammation is a bad sign in atherosclerosis because: a. It represents the beginning of sepsis b. It indicates a higher risk of neutrophils breaking unstable plaques c. It indicates an unresolved infection d. It indicates the presence of large, stable plaques

Vasodilation caused by sepsis can lead to heart failure. This would probably be because it: a. Decreased the amount of blood being returned to the heart b. Decreased sympathetic stimulation to the heart c. Decreased the heart rate

Identify which type of white blood cell each of the statements describes. Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil Lymphocyte Monocyte

A patient has been referred to cardiology for evaluation of a diastolic murmur over the mitral valve. Choose the correct answer from each drop-down menu. What is the most likely defect causing this murmur? Is this patient most likely to have a distended atrium or distended ventricle?

A patient with shock has also been diagnosed with MODS. This means: a. the patient's body is using multiple organ systems to compensate for the shock b. the patient shows signs of failure in two or more organ systems c. the patient has developed myelodysplastic syndrome

What is the function of the coronary circulation? to transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart to transport nutrient-rich, oxygenated blood to the tissues of the heart to transport deoxygenated blood from body tissues and organs to the heart to transport nutrient-rich, deoxygenated blood to the liver

Match each term with the correct definition below. Question Family and friends, conditions in the home Using hands on the outside of the body to detect evidence of internal abnormalities Using a stethoscope to listen to sounds inside the body Using the fingertips to tap the body to determine the characteristics of internal structures Complete physical evaluation, including height, weight, and vital signs Using the senses to determine aspects of a patient's condition

Identify the INCORECT statement regarding local blood flow in the brain. Prostaglandin (PGE2) released at the end-foot causes vasoconstriction Glutamate in synapses triggers Ca2+ release within astrocytes Ca2+ wave travels through astrocytes and triggers prostaglandin (PGE2) release Astrocytes can detect increased signaling at synapses and can send a metabolic signal to blood vessels

How can we control for the possible effects of the stress of oral injection and the injected oil when evaluating the effects of treatments 1 and 2? a) Compare treatment 1 and 2 rabbits to rabbits injected with estrogen mixed with banana b) Compare treatment 1 and 2 rabbits to rabbits injected orally with oil mixed with banana c) Compare treatment 1 and 2 rabbits to rabbits receiving no injection d) Compare treatment 1 and 2 rabbits to rabbits in treatment 3

If a small amount of acid is added to the blood buffering system: H₂CO3 → HCO3 + H+ the pH will be maintained because more H* will be released by the buffer. the pH will go up from 7.4 the acid will increase the solutions free hydroxide ions (OH) the pH will be maintained because excess H* will be removed by the buffer.

• Discuss the effect of anticoagulant medications on overall blood clotting and any vitamins involved in this process. . What nutritional advice should be given to Mr. Jones while on anticoagulant medication?

You and your friend decide to donate blood together one Friday afternoon. After your donation your friend suggests the two of you go for drinks at a nearby bar. Why might this be a bad idea? Alcohol is a vasodilator, meaning it will widen your capillaries and thus lower your blood pressure making you pass out. Alcohol is a vasodilator, meaning it will shrink your capillaries and thus lower your blood pressure making you pass out. Alcohol is a vasodilator, meaning it will widen your capillaries and thus increase your blood pressure making you pass out. O Alcohol is a vasodilator, meaning it will shrink your capillaries and thus increase your blood pressure making you pass out. Trick question: it is recommended you drink after giving blood because it will thwart bacterial infection.

You have been tasked with determining whether consuming a liter (L) of soda will affect heart rate of a person after exercise. Which of the following would be considered the response variable for this experiment? Measuring Heart Rate immediately after exercise Counting the number of steps a person climbs during exercise Weighing the person before and after exercise Measuring 1 L of soda to ensure everyone drinks the same amount

Which of the following are examples of things in the body that need to maintain homeostasis (select all that apply)? Digestive enzymes Skin pigments Body Temperature Blood Volume Blood Composition Blood Pressure

16. Chemicals in cigarette smoke paralyze cilia of cells lining the trachea and bronchi. As a result, cigarette smokers often experience (a) frequent coughing (b) low stamina (c) pale complexion (d) premature wrinkling of the skin

originated at the Chinese end of the Silk Road. A. Spices B. Silk C. Pepper D. Precious metals

A spirometer is an instrument used to measure respiratory volumes. It receives expired air and collects it in a chamber inverted in a container of water. The gas is then measured by displacement. Measurements of expired air volume can provide important information on lung capacity and the overall health of the respiratory system. Define the following terms associated with respiratory volumes. Tidal Volume: Vital Capacity: Expiratory Reserve Capacity: Minute Volume

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is calculated using the following formula: MAP = [(1/3) systolic blood pressure] + [(2/3) diastolic blood pressure] Your patient has a systolic blood pressure of 150mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure of 120mmHg. Their mean arterial pressure is ______mmHg.

Arnold Schwarzenegger took anabolic steroid compounds that chemically resemble testosterone. When he took a dose of anabolic steroids, how did this compound directly affect the secretion of other hormones in his body? NOTE: Select all the correct answer choices. Decreased testosterone secretion Decreased LH secretion Decreased FSH secretion Decreased GnRH secretion

Puff Daddy drank too much of his own product, Ciroc, and now has Alcoholic Cihorsis (pun intended). Now, his liver doesn't make a plasma protein called Albumin. Albumin is an actively osmotic protein in high abundance in the plasma of blood and helps create the colloid osmotic pressure. Because of his condition, how will P. Diddy's blood volume change? His blood volume will stay the same. His blood volume will increase. His blood volume will decrease.

Why does arterial blood pressure vary over time? Arteries have thicker vessel walls. Artery walls are elastic and can stretch and recoil due to contractions of the heart. Oxygenated blood has different mechanical properties. The pulse wave is the strongest closest to the ventricles of the heart.

The transport of minerals in the blood depends on the _______ function of water.

As sympathetic neurons expose the heart to norepinephrine, the contractile cardiac muscle cells will contract with more force. By doing so, the _____ of the heart will increase. venous return heart rate diastolic blood pressure stroke volume

A nurse is caring for a client who has a serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L. The provider prescribes polystyrene sulfonate. Which of the following ECG results should indicate to the nurse that the medication has been effective? A. Reduction of T wave amplitude B. Reduction of P wave duration C. Widening of the QRS complex D. Restoration of QRS complex amplitude