Plant Physiology - General Questions and Answers

walk through every step that is involved in generating an ATP NADH or FADH2 include the names structures and enzyme for each step From there look up the conversion rates from NADH and FADH2 to ATP and calculate exactly how 30 ATP are formed Also include any step which uses an ATP this will count against the total ATP formed

The Calvin cycle requires operate glucose carbon dioxide OATP NADPH electrons NADH RuBP NAD and from the light reactions in order

DCIP would act as an indicator of SDH activity by a Blocking the electron transport chain b Changing its color from blue to purple c Transporting electrons from Succinate to fumarate d Reducing from its oxidized blue form to its reduced colorless for

Describe how genes are regulated in plant at the level of transcription addressing gene families arising from duplication and increased ploidy versus orthologs in different plants functional redundancy versus diversification mechanisms of controlling genes in the same pathway for transcription activation and inactivation

A dormancy may be induced by abscisic acid or other chemicals and may be broken by stratification

Pathway Sample Organisms Electron Carrier Used in the Pathway Initial Carbon Compound Net Yield carbon red carriers ATP EMP 4 ED PP 13 3 When we discussed the ELVIS case study we learned that the microbes broke polyurethane down into citrate for entry into central metabol dropping into central metabolism as citrate or catechols etc for toluene degradation impact the overall energy yield for the cell

Compared to Bryophytes Tracheophytes have all of these choices O ability to make woody tissue many tracheophytes O leaf structures O vascular tissue

With early seed plants the endosperm develops before fertilization of the egg O True O False

1 Name the major groups of land plants represented by letters A E on the phylogenetic tree 25 each Provide example members of each of the major group 25 each 2 Indicate the major adaptations derived traits that correspond with the numbers on the tree 1 5 note some numbers only have 1 trait other numbers have multiple traits 5 each also indicate the significance of each of these traits 5 each Make sure your answers can be clearly linked to the letters and numbers otherwise they won t receive credit example you should write A group name example not just 5 groups and examples Then 1 trait significance advantage for trait A 1704 C D 5

Collenchyma elongated cells with irregularly reinforced cell walls Parenchyma least common cell type Sclerenchyma alive at maturity responsible for many metabolic functions

Plasma membranes in both plants and animals are lipd bilayer structures which conform to the fluid mosaic model of integrated proteins Are there any significant differences between plant and animal plasma membranes No Yes they contain different types of proteins exclusive to their phyla i e there are plant proteins and animal proteins plants don t have proteins found in animals and vice verse Yes the plasma membranes of plants are composed of phospholipid and sterol compounds such as stigmasterol animals are composed of phospholipid and cholesterol The sterol compounds regulate the fluidity of the membrane more makes the membrane more rigid Yes plants do not have transmembrane proteins while animals have both integral and peripheral proteins not found in plants

Multiple Choice O O O is the comparison of relative concentrations of two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane does not affect cells always causes cells to burst does not have anything to do with solute concentration

Water moves across membranes by the specific process called diffusion True False

If you tagged organic carbon inside a chloroplast with a fluorescent label the location most likely to have a high concentration of labeled carbon would be in the O Stroma O Thylakoid membrane O Between the outer and inner membranes O Inside the thylakoid QUESTION 38 Clusters of chlorophyll and accessory pigments are called O the Golgi apparatus O chloroplasts O photosystems O photosynthetic membranes

31 Examine the longitudinal section of pine seeds below wings removed one under a microscope and one without visual aid Label the seed coat megagametophyte and embryo You may need to export the picture to an app that allows picture editing functions PPT Word etc Be sure to include a figure title labels and notes Consider the male cone of a pine tree They are smaller than the female cones from their same

27 Examine the longitudinal section of a female cone under 4x provided here Label the scales megasporophylls and ovules You may need to export the picture to an app that allows picture editing functions PPT Word etc Be sure to include a figure title labels and notes I

Drag the appropriate items to their respective bins The first stage step 2 step 3 step 8 step 4 The second stage You sorted 2 out of 8 items incorrectly No credit lost Try again step 5 step 6 step 1 Reset Help step 7

What are similarities and differences between fungi and protists 1 I

13 Differentiate what makes a scientific theory

Membrane phospholipids are asymmetrically oriented in phospholipid bilayers as a result of the ease or restriction of mobility with respect to the plane of the membrane Which of the following is NOT a correct thermodynamic interpretation of the phospholipid bilayer structure and asymmetry Phospholipids generally can rapidly rotate about their long axis to help increase the entropy of the system Phospholipids can rapidly exchange places with lateral neighboring phospholipids within the same leaflet of the bilayer to help increase the entropy of the system Phospholipids can rapidly flip flop from one leaflet or monolayer of a bilayer to another to decrease the enthalpy of the system Phospholipid polar head groups face outward to contact the aqueous environment to help decrease the enthalpy negative AH of the membrane solvent system

The following equation describes an enzyme reaction Z W G C B In this question Z is O the enzyme an intermediate O the substrate O the product an inhibitor

The location on the enzyme where the enzyme attaches to the substrate is called the O attachment site active site O non competitive site O binding site

What is the function of oxygen in the ETC to ensure a steady supply of NADH to bind to Cyt 23 none of the choices is correct O to catch the hydrogen generated at the end of the ETC

Stable goverment Give the provided diagram a title using the BEST answer choice below Lite prog Evidence of an Undeveloped Nation for the Requirements O Development of an Undeveloped Country O Economic Support Structures

Match the appropriate atomic number mass or property with the corresponding element P of protons N of neutrons 5 1 Atomic number of Aluminum P 13 N 14 12 Atomic number of hydrogen P 1 N 2 6 Valance electrons in carbon P 6 N 6 Match each of the options above to the items below Electrons in Neon P 10 N 10 3 7 Atomic Mass of Aluminum P 13 N 14 Atomic number of Zinc P 30 N 35 4 8 Atomic mass of Carbon P 6 N 6 Valance electrons in chlorine P 17 N 18

lodine phosphorous and magnesium are trace elements required by humans and other vertebrates True False

1 3 Sucrase speeds up the breakdown of sucrose into glucose and fructose Sucrase is an example of which of the following types of molecules O disaccharide O enzyme O hormone O nucleic acid h

1 Listen A cell with membrane bound proteins that selectively bind a specific hormone is called that hormone s Oregulatory cell target cell O endocrine cell O secretory cell plasma cell

What is the main difference between the role of NADH and NADPH carriers ONADH provides energy that drives ATP synthase in animals and NADPH drives ATP synthase in plants NADH provides electrons to the Citric Acid cycle in animals and NADPH does the same but in plants ONADH provides electrons to the electron transport chain for ATP formation and NADPH provides electrons to the Calvin Cycle for carbon fixation NADH is an electron carrier in plants only and drives the Calvin cycle while NADPH donates electrons to the Citric Acid cycle in animals

Cytochalasin D is a drug that prevents actin polymerization A cell treated with cytochalasin D will still be able to carry out which of the following processes move vesicles within a cell extend pseudopodia divide in two contract muscle fibers

When a plant cell such as one from a tulip leaf is submerged in a hypertonic solution what is likely to occur Plasmolysis will shrink the interior of the cell The cell will burst The cell will become turgid The cell will become flaccid

Question 4 of 25 Exposure to a mutagen causes a person to develop an abnormal growth on their skin The person s children do not develop the condition What must be true A A mutation in a gamete caused the condition and it cannot be inherited by future generations B A mutation in a somatic cell caused the condition and it cannot be inherited by future generations C A mutation in a somatic cell caused the condition and it can be inherited by future generations D A mutation in a gamete caused the condition and it can be inherited by future generations SUBMIT

and a contusion A concussion is more severe than a contusion A contusion is widespread brain trauma that causes a temporary disruption in brain function and is typically mild whereas a concussion is a localized bruising of the brain The two terms are interchangeable A concussion is widespread brain trauma that causes a temporary disruption in brain function and is typically mild whereas a contusion is a localized bruising of the brain Question 20 2 points 4 Listen is a hereditary disorder that results in the degeneration of the basal nuclei and later the cerebral cortex It is progressive and typically results in death within about 15 years of onset O Huntington s disease O Parkinson s disease O cerebellar disease

Nayana slept through her alarm clock and was late for work On the way to work her tire went flat and she had to change it As she was changing the tire another car splashed a puddle of water all over her When she finally got to work there was a note on her desk that her boss wanted to see her Nayana became frustrated and angry and prepared herself for a conflict with her boss even though she did not know what her boss wanted to talk about Which barrier to effective communication is Nayana experiencing Information Overload O Language Emotions Selective Perception

How is plant cell cytokinesis different from animal cell cytokinesis The contractile filaments found in plant cells are structures composed of carbohydrates the cleavage furrow in animal cells is composed of contractile proteins Plant cells divide after metaphase but before anaphase animal cells divide after anaphase The structural proteins of plant cells separate the two cells in animal cells a cell membrane separates the two daughter cells Plant cells deposit vesicles containing cell wall building blocks on the metaphase plate animal cells form a cleavage furrow

9 Tanya is anxious about her upcoming planning meeting because she is a little uncomfortable discussing a specific issue in front of her friend who is a member of the team Which of the following actions would be a good way for the team to handle this issue Tanya s team should have the psychiatrist speak for Tanya during the planning meeting The team should insist that Tanya discuss her issues during the planning meeting The team should recommend that Tanya s friend be removed from the team to avoid any discomfort for Tanya One of the team members that Tanya trusts could offer to meet with Tanya and her friend and discuss the issues prior to the meeting

1 The goal statement of a person centered plan should be Directed by the provider and what they think is important Excluded from the progress notes that the provider keeps Written in the person s own words Focused on the person s therapy activities

Part D Energized electrons from A D B D C E E C are used to reduce NADP

From the following choices identify those that are the inputs and outputs of the light reactions Recall that inputs to chemical reactions are modified over the course of the reaction as they are converted into products In other words required for a reaction to occur and it does not remain in its original form when the reaction is complete it is an input Drag each item to the appropriate bin If the item is not an input to or an output from the light reactions drag it to the not input or output bin View Available Hint s water input CO G3P output NADPH glucose ADP 8 not input or output light Reset Help NADP

For all vertebrates that fly we should expect which of the following skeletal modifications a reduction of loss of hindlimbs loss of skeletal elements elongation of all parts of the forelimbs a reduction in the width and or weight of the major bones

In nonvascular plants sperm are produced in Asci Archegonia Antheridia Testes

Hot dogs labeled No nitrates or nitrites will have what substance added by manufacturers carrot juice BHT celery juice propionic acid None of these options is correct lemon juice Question 3 1 point Lectins are carbohydrates that interfere with digestion Orequire a Proposition 65 warning in California are not present in canned beans should be avoided because they raise blood cholesterol are found only in animal products Onone of the listed responses is correct

Question 10 of 10 How is the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes different from methods used by prokaryotes A Eukaryotes do not use RNA polymerase for transcription B Promoter regions affect groups of genes called operons in eukaryotes C Histones make some genes unavailable for transcription in eukaryotes D Eukaryotes do not rely on noncoding sections of DNA for regulation SUBMIT

6 How does the Transtheoretical Model describe a person s movement through the Stages of Change O O 7 What is one way you can avoid imposing your expectations onto clients which could hinder the person s ability to benefit from treatment Consider how your own culturally based beliefs and values impact treatment Ask clients to tell you when they feel you are being culturally insensitive Treat all clients with the same approach regardless of their culture Only work with clients whose cultural variables match yours OO Moving in a fixed linear order Unlikely to return to previously addressed stages Frequently returning to prior stages Rarely moving past the preparation stage O 8 Why does the relapse prevention model emphasize the concept of a lapse O Because lapses tend to be more self destructive than relapses O Because intervening early when a lapse occurs can prevent a full blown relapse Because there is evidence to support the concept of a lapse but not relapse Because lapses tend not to affect the person s overall self esteem M

Select one a Cycles of Matter and Energy Transfer in Ecosystems Question 5 What is an autotroph a O An organism that can build its own food O An organism that eats itself for food O An organism that does not need food O An organism that eats other organisms for food

Which of the following is a function of the cell wall and not of the cell membrane Definition of concentration gradients Transporting wastes Protection from osmotic stress and pressure Binding of exterior molecules Secretion of interior molecules Ho

What is the function of the cell type tissue indicated by the arrow OA metabolic processes B protection from water loss OC strength and rigidity D strength and flexibility

Central vacuole Mitochon on Nucleus Smooth endoplasmic reticulum ER Chloroplast Rough endoplasmic reticulum ER Submit Cell wall Golgi apparatus Request Answer Ribosomes Cytoskeleton Not in animal cells Plasma membrane Channels between cells Reset Help D O

peroxisome rough ER vacuole lysosome smooth ER Golgi apparatus ECM cell wall mitochondrion microfilament plasma membrane ribosomes vesicle centrosome nucleus microvilli microtubule flagellum nuclear pore plasmodesma intermediate filament nucleolus chloroplast 00000

Biology Texas PRETEST Functions of Plant Systems Which type of plant response could be demonstrated by placing a growing plant on a sunny windowsill LofBQUESTIONS