Biomolecules Questions and Answers

Which of the following describes a pair of oxidation and reduction reactions during cellular respiration A B C D oxidation of NADH and reduction of NADP oxidation of FAD and reduction of NADH oxidation of NADH and reduction of FAD oxidation of NAD and reduction of FAD

A student analyzing a biomolecular sample identified the presence of oxygen nitrogen hy drogen and sulfur in the sample Given these findings which of the following describes the type of biomolecule in the sample A proteins B C D carbohydrates nucleic acids lipids

The salt concentration in the cytosol of body cells of seawater fish is lower than it is in their environment This causes the fish to continually lose water To compensate for this loss seawater fish continuously ingest water and rely on membrane bound proteins on their gills for the removal of salt ions back to the environment Which of the following describes the most likely mechanism of membrane transport used by seawater fish to remove the salt ions A active transport B C D facilitated diffusion exocytosis simple diffusion

Which of the following describes the most direct source of energy for anabolic reactions in living systems A B C D breakdown of fatty acids electrons flowing along the electron transport chain breakdown of complex carbohydrates in the mitochondrial matrix phosphorylation of reactants via the hydrolysis of ATP

O Is college worth the incurring debt Why why not Should loans be granted based on major or future occupation Why why not Should certain students be placed on a trade school skills training path early on Why wh not What students When Should scholarships be tied to GPA Why why not Most schools tend to teach students how to be employees Should all students be taught to entrepreneurs instead Why why not

12 What is the BEST step caregivers can take to prevent dehydration in people with dementia Offer a person their favorite drinks often throughout the day Ask them to drink a full glass of water at each meal Tell them you are tracking how much they drink Tell them to drink more water so they do not get dehydrated 13 Glenn worked as a night shift security guard for 30 years What challenge might caregivers expect Glenn has his days and nights mixed up Glenn has a tendency to wander Glenn does not like to talk to people Glenn wants to wear his uniform 14 Gloria lives in a care facility She has been diagnosed with middle stage dementia and still enjoys singing Gloria has begun to wander night and often becomes upset when staff tries to get her to go back to her room What intervention would be considered person centered care Singing songs with Gloria as she is guided back to her room Telling Gloria that she needs to go to her room so she does not disturb others Preventing Gloria from taking afternoon naps so she is sleepier at night Giving Gloria towels to fold at the nurse s station so staff can keep an eye on her

The figure below illustrates a model of a signal transduction cascade initiated by ing of a ligand to a membrane bound receptor ligand inactivated molecules A partial model of a signal transduction pathway A B C receptor protein A Based on the figure which of the following describes the most likely outcome of a mutation that changes the intracellular region of receptor protein A D activated molecule 1 activated molecule 2 activated molecule 3 The receptor will not activate molecule 1 but the activation of molecules 2 and 3 will continue at lower rates Molecule 1 will not become activated preventing the activation of molecules 2 and 3 and the subsequent cellular response The ligand will not be able to bind the membrane bound receptor preventing the signal transduction pathway from initiating The ligand that binds to protein A will not enter the cell preventing the cellular response from occurring

During development some of the cells in an embryo go through a process known as apoptosis Which of the following best explains the role of apoptosis in development of individual fin gers and toes A Apoptosis provides nutrients to developing cells by killing some extra cells in the devel oping hands and feet B C D Apoptosis encourages cell division to occur replacing old cells with new ones that are less likely to contain mutations Apoptosis involves the activation of proteins in specific cells of the developing hands and feet that leads to the death of those cells Apoptosis in the developing hands and feet triggers cell differentiation to occur These new cells will develop into toes and fingers

The graph below illustrates the relative enzymatic activity of peroxidase an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen A relative activity Relative enzymatic activity of peroxidase at different pH levels 2 C D B enzymatic activity will decrease enzymatic activity will increase PH Based on the data in the graph which of the following statements best predicts the effect that a change from a moderately acidic environment to a basic environment will have on peroxidase activity enzymatic activity will increase and then decrease enzymatic activity will remain the same 8 10 12 14

Acetylcholine is a chemical signaling molecule used to facilitate communication between neighboring neurons Acetylcholinesterase AChE is an enzyme that catalyzes the conver sion of acetylcholine to acetate and choline When the concentration of AChE in an aque ous solution is held constant the rate of the reaction catalyzed by AChE increases with in creasing concentrations of substrate At conditions in which the concentration of acetylcholinesterase is relatively low a small in crease in the substrate concentration results in a large increase in the reaction rate At con ditions in which the concentration of acetylcholinesterase is relatively high however a large increase in the substrate concentration results in only a small increase in the reaction rate Which of the following best explains the difference in the change in the rate of the cat alyzed reaction between the two conditions A B C The enzyme AChE becomes denatured as the acetylcholine concentration of acetyl choline increases The active site of AChE can only bind a single substrate at a time ACHE begins converting the product into the substrate as the acetylcholine concentra tion increases D The substrate binding specificity of AChE decreases as the concentration of acetyl choline increases

Which of the following statements best explain the way in which enzymes make chemical reactions more likely to occur A B C D The binding of the substrate to the active site of an enzyme stabilizes the product which increases the amount of energy released by the reaction The binding of the substrate to the active site of an enzyme stabilizes the reactant which decreases the free energy change of the reaction The binding of the substrate to the active site of an enzyme stabilizes both the reactant and the product which increases the overall energy transfer in the reaction The binding of the substrate to the active site of an enzyme stabilizes it in its transition state which decreases the activation energy of the reaction

Which of the following best explains why ATP is used as a primary source of energy by liv ing systems A B C D It is the smallest biological source of energy It is biochemically stable and can be stored for long periods of time Its energy can be readily used to do cellular work It stores the least energy of any biological energy source

Which of the following movements across a cell membrane will likely be least affected if the synthesis of membrane bound proteins becomes inhibited A B C D the movement of calcium Ca along the concentration gradient the movement of oxygen 2 along the concentration gradient the movement of glucose C6H1206 against the concentration gradient the movement of water H O along the concentration gradient

he diagram below illustrates the molecular structure of the cell membrane The phospholipid bilayer of a cell membrane A B polar group C phosphate glycerol D Which of the following is false about the way in which the cell membrane maintains its structure water wwwww YNLA water The attraction between the individual lipid tails inside the cell membrane is maintained by van der Waals forces The bonds between the individual phospholipids that make up the cell membrane are connected by covalent bonds The different components of an individual phospholipid are held by covalent bonds The attraction between the phosphate groups and the water molecules inside and out side of the cell is maintained by hydrogen bonds

During periods of sustained demand and in the presence of sufficient nutrients muscle cells can increase in size When the size of muscle cells increases they will often develop additional nuclei in their intracellular environment Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the expression of additional nu clei in growing muscle cells A B C D The ATP molecules that are produced in the additional nuclei will be able to better sup port the increased energetic demands on the muscle cell as its size increases Additional nuclei allow subcellular components to continue to be sufficiently expressed and transferred across the cell even as the volume of the cell increases Nutrients entering the cells will be digested and recycled more quickly by the additional nuclei to better support the subcellular components in the cell as its size increases The addition of more nuclei to the cell will allow more genetic information to be stored in the cell and allow the cell to produce additional types of proteins as its size increases

Which of the following is most likely to pass through the cell membrane via facilitated diffusion A B C D a polar molecule moving against the concentration gradient a nonpolar molecule moving along the concentration gradient a nonpolar molecule moving against the concentration gradient a polar molecule moving along the concentration gradient

LPJ g L T d L E33 Part a We expect that the change in pressure Ap will be proportional to some power of d call it d where n might be positive or negative Only re dimensionalities can you determine n Yes you can Correct 33 Part b If you chose Yes you can to the first part give the value of n If you chose another answer enter 0 as your answer n sin cos cotan asin atan acotan tan acos E 1 sinh 7 7 8 9 5 2 3 HOME

The data in the table below was collected by researchers to investigate the oxygen concen tration of water in a lake Data was collected from the location in the lake at the same time every day repeatedly over a six day period A B C D 1 12 ppm 1 65 ppm Calculate the mean of the sample data 0 63 ppm Day 9 04 ppm Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Oxygen Concentration ppm 1 2 2 1 2 0 1 7 1 4 1 5

Which of the following best describes how the secondary structure of a protein is formed O U HILTR O U HIFR A x B C D OFU Ony a helix H N H C R O C N H R C H C O H N H C R O C N H R C H CO H N H C R O C N H R C H C O H N H C R OHH R OFC H C R H N C O R C H N H OFC H C R H N C O R C H N H R H N ionic bonds between the R groups of the polypeptide amino acids C 0 R C H B pleated sheet uh hydrogen bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of non adjacent amino acids hydrogen bonds between the R groups of the polypeptide amino acids covalent bon between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acids

CH OH H H HO OH H A B C H D OH HOCH O H OH HO H Formation of a sucrose molecule from glucose and fructose OH H H HO CH OH HO OH energy CH OH H H H OH Sucrose molecules are the only biomolecules that store energy The production of biomolecules involves a hydrolysis reaction Water is a fundamental by product of all hydrolysis reactions HOCH O 0 H OH The production of biomolecules involves dehydration synthesis reactions H HO CH OH H H O

The model below shows a chemical reaction that take B HO 1 H HO 1 2 9 2 3 3 H A Adhesion is occurring between water molecules Which statement correctly describes the details of the reaction shown above 4 H A polymer is built from monomers as water is removed HO C A lipid polymer is built from monomers as water is removed H O H D A polymer is hydrolyzed into its component monomers as water is added

Which statistical calculation would be used to study the range of variation that is present in a set of data values A B average standard error C standard deviation mean

Thomas Jefferson argued in the Declaration of Independence that if a government disregards the will of the people the people are free to do which of the following stop paying taxes to the government change their government move to another country execute the king

Which concept holds that governments form as a result of people agreeing to submit to a government in exchange for that government protecting them social contract theory natural law Onatural rights divine right of kings

The most accurate method of showing relationship between organisms is O Convergent features Shared derived features

A systematic method of inquiry about the natural world is called O Hypothesis O observation O The scientific method experimental study

Objective Students will be able to master critical thinking skills by choosing a topic of their choice about a real world issue They will be able to incorporate researching skills team building skills optional and social skills In this activity you will identify a real world problem in your schools community or city After the problem is recognized you will then work to come up with the best possible outcome of that problem We will work with this over the course of the next month because your end of quarter summative project will be a podcast audio presentation about this topic You have the option to work in groups or individually Working in groups you will be able to divy up the project and research and do your podcast together Individually is going to be more work and you will host a podcast alone but it is doable We will be working on this assignment every Thursday during live classes You will be researching the real world problem of your choice Here are some options below 1 Climate Change 2 Health Care 3 Food Insecurity 4 Violence II

What are the four types of biomolecules and their characteristics Which reagents are being used to detect the biomolecules What is an indicator for a positive or negative test Why are negative and positive controls being used for all the experiments I

Part A Latitude and Longitude The Earth s geographic grid is based on the division of a circle which can be observed as lines of latitude or longitude Figure 1 3 90 N 1 Refer to Figure 1 3 60 N 30 N h 30 S 60 S 90 s 120 W 90 W 60 W 150 W 30 W 180 a Latitude is measured to the north or south of the 0 Latitude Figure 1 3 Introductory Diagram of Latitude and Longitude 150 30 E Longitude 120 E 60 E 90 E b Longitude is measured to the east or west of the c Lines that are drawn from north to south from the North Pole to the South Pole are called d Lines that are drawn from east to west are called from the Prime Meridian to the Antimeridian 180th Meridian e The highest degree possible for a line of latitude is f The highest degree possible for a line of longitude is

2 points How do E cigarettes work R Plant material is placed in a vesse and heated O Liquid containing a variety of substances some harmful is heated to produce an aerosol tha is inhaled by the user O Flavored water is heated and taken into the lungs to mimic smoking

adolescents 1 Describe what you would like to know more about video games 2 Explain why you are interested in this 3 Express the narrowed topic as a research

In a trihybrid cross of AA BB CC x aa bb cc parents what proportion is expected to be homozygous across all genes in the F2 offspring 1 8 1 16 1 32 3 8

For the following note whether the research design used is an experiment a quasi experiment or a correlational approach and why If the study is a quasi experiment identify the quasi independent variable and quasi dependent variable If the study is an experiment identify the independent variable and the dependent variable

Explain why it was referred to as the final solution In your own words

phosphate adenine hydrogen bond parts of the DNA strand with the following terms Deoxyribose thymine A D nottammotni B C D E E Phosphules sugars Read each question and write your answer in the space provided 1 In the space provided identify the structures labeled A E A onsnla AMO at no mainspo 2 What do the lines connecting the two strands represent letter c Why are there three li connecting the strands in some instances and only two lines in others 3 Suppose that a strand of DNA has the base sequence ATT CCG What is the base sequence of the complementary strand

4 Roan coat color is an example of codominance When a white cow CWCW is mated with a red cow CRCR they produce the red and white or roan CRCW coat color in their offspring Predict the phenotypic and genotypic ratios for the offspring of a cross between a roan cow and a white cow Show work here

a Demonstration of a crutches canes and walkers b Demonstration and discussion of wrist restraints gait belt assists Apply wrist restraints to your peer switch How often should a restraint be released What type of a knot should be used on all restraints Discuss reasons a restraint may be ordered by a health practitioner How often should a patient with a restraint be assessed What are alternatives to restraints Patient assist Assist peer to ambulate one nurse and two nurse assist using the gait belt Assist peer to fall while using the gait belt and proper technique

12 Osmotic pressure depends on Number of dissolved particles in per liter and does not depend on molecular mass of dissolved particles Molecular mass of dissolved particles and does not depend on number of dissolved particles Number and charge of dissolved particles Only on the charge of dissolved particles

3 What are the main properties of phospholipids Asymmetry and high ionic permeability Low electrical resistance and permeability of small lipophilic molecules and gases Low electrical resistance and rigidity High electrical resistance fluidity and low ionic permeability 4 Unsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid tail Increasefluidity and permeability of the cell membrane Unsaturatedtails are arranged in a way that maximizes interactions between the tails These interactions decrease bilayer fluidity Saturatedtails are arranged in a way that minimize interactions between the tails These interactions decrease bilayer fluidity Has no impact on the membrane fluidity

a b 24 What is energy supply for secondary active transport Light energy Gradient dependent transport transport of substances against their concentration of gradient is coupled with the movement of the ions down their concentration gradient Does not require energy supply Gradient dependent transport transport of substances down their concentration of gradient is coupled with the passive transport of ions 25 How glucose is transported in cell membrane Only via facilitated transport GLUT transporters Only via primary active transport GLUT transporters Only via secondary active transport Glucose Na cotransport Via facilitated passive transport GLUT transporters and secondary active transport Glucose Na cotransport

3 d 16 Which cations concentration is high in cytosol Na K Mg 17 What type of transport is primary active transport Transport of molecules and ions against the electrochemical gradient using metabolic energy of a Transport of molecules and ions down the electrochemical gradient using metabolic energy of or Transport of molecules and ions down the electrochemical gradient using gradient energy Transport of molecules and ions against the electrochemical gradient using gradient energy

a b between 5 What determines the spontaneous closure of a phospholipid bilayer to form a sealed closed compartme Hydrophobic tails of the phospholipids Amphipathic nature of lipid hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head Hydrophobic heads of the phospholipids c d Hydrophobic nature of cholesterol 6 What determines high concentration of cholesterol in the cell membrane a Increases elasticity of the cell membrane b Decreases fluidity and permeability of the membrane c Increases permeability d Increases Fluidity

4 Enzymatic function in 3 What is the Hydrophobic effect a Van der Waals interaction is stronger between water molecules compared to interaction between water and lipid a result they exclude water molecules Covalent bond is stronger between water molecules compared to interaction between water and lipid In a result t exclude water molecules Hydrogen bond is stronger between water molecules compared to interaction between water and lipid In a r they exclude water molecules Hydrogen bond is weaker between water molecules compared to interaction between water and lipid In a resul exclude water molecules b c d 4 What types of chemical interactionado phospholipids have a Electrostatic interaction occurs between fatty acid tails of phospholipids and van der waals interact between heads of the lipids Covalent interaction occurs between phospholipids Hydrogen bond occurs between phospholipids Van der waals interaction occurs between fatty acid tails of phospholipids and electrostatic intera between heads of the lipids b c d compartm

18 What is oncotic pressure a Oncotic pressure or colloid osmotic pressure is a form of osmotic pressure exerted by blood plasma proteins which are permeable in capillary wall and usually tends to pull water into the circulatory system b Oncotic pressure or collaid osmotic pressure is a form of osmotic pressure exerted by blood plasma proteins which are impermeable in capillary wall and usually tends to pull water into the circulatory system Oncotic pressure depends on molecular mass of dissolved proteins d Oncotic pressure or colloid osmotic pressure is a form of osmotic pressure exerted by blood plasma proteins which are permeable in capillary wall and usually participates in reabsorption c

4 Which factors change fluidity of the cell membrane Physical parameters of the environment temperature pressure chemical composition Physical parameters of the environment length of the fatty acid chains amount of double bor amount of cholesterol Only length of fatty acid tails and temperature Polarity of phospholipid head and amount of cholesterol

border both France and the German Empire A Switzerland Switzerland and Austria Hungary B Austria Hungary and Serbia

4 How does Lewis argue against the cultural differences argument

Some organisms have features that have different functions but similar structures indicating they may have evolved from a common ancestor One example is the forelimb of humans dogs birds an whales Human O Vestigial Embryology What term best describes the relationship between these forelimbs Homologous Dog Analogous Bird Whale

Where does fly me to the moon fall on in the meter scale Bec I m not sure If anyone knows Imk 10 58 AM

1 What are some persistent myths stereotypes about wealth in America Discuss at least one ethnic or nonethnic minority grou in your answer 2 Discuss three facts you discovered about wealth inequality You may address any of the following Causes of wealth inequality Current data about wealth inequality and minority groups Suggested policy changes to address wealth inequality