Biology Questions

Label the following depiction of electron flow through a PSI type reaction center E V 1 2 PSI 0 8 0 4 Green bacteria 0 0 4 e H E V 1 2 0 8 0 4 10 0 4 C A B E Ferredoxin NAD P 2H NAD P H H Cytochrome c Bacteriochloro phyll P840 Ferredoxin NAD reductase H

Calico is a coat color found in cats which is caused by a sex linked co dominant allele BB black RR orange BR calico The following genotypes are possible Female cats can be black XBXB orange XRXR or calico XBXR Male cats can be black XBY or orange XRY Show each of the crosses below and include the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring 1 A black male crossed with an orange female 2 An orange male crossed with a calico female ori 3 A black male crossed with a black female 4 An orange male crossed with an orange female Isang

e c What are the genotypes of the parents How may are White eyed and male White eyed and female XHXh female who is a carrier XhXh female with hemophilia Red eyed and male Red eyed and female In humans hemophilia is a sex linked trait Females can be normal have the disease or be carriers for the trait Males will either have the disease or not but they won t ever be carriers XHXH normal female XHY normal male XhY male with hemophilia 2 A woman who is a carrier marries a normal man Show the cross 1 Show the cross of a man who has hemophilia with a woman who is a carrier What is the probability that their children will have the disease What is the probability that their children will have the disease What sex will a child in the family with hemophilia be 3 A woman who has hemophilia marries a normal man Draw a Punnett square to answer How many of their children will have hemophilia and what is their sex

X 81 What brain structure is missing right fusiform gyrus left fusiform gyrus right amygdala left hippocampus

Which of the following bonds contains the most amount of potential energy C C O C C H Q H

osome don mRNA IRNA ES 100 W In the diagram of translat X C Amino acid EK HER Hook BOK Z Amino acid HOOK OOK W X Y Z

Week 6 Discussion Post A Discussion Board Posts 25 total As a measure of your participation you will write 200 word minimum responses to the readings as well as responding to at least one other post In these posts I want to see concrete examples where you critically reflect on the readings This can include citing specific photographs and photographers theoretical connections between different readings ideas themes and or the author s own argument Please refer to my separate guide on discussion posts for full details Posts are due by Sunday 6pm almost every week There will not be an opportunity to post after the deadline so make sure you enter the due dates into your calendar now so that you don t miss them Keep in mind that our reading assignments will cover similar but not identical material to the weekly lectures I have scheduled the readings so they foreshadow the content we cover in lecture that day so it is essential you do the readings prior to the lecture this form of assessment is designed to get you ready to engage with lecture content in a meaningful way Weekly readings are listed on the course schedule for the weeks they are due DR HUGH WELCH DIAMOND Mental Patient circa 1850 55 7 3 16 5 1 16 inches Albumen silver print from glass negative Photography seemed to be a mechanism that could produce faithful records whose authenticity could be certified by the institutions of power and control that made them As the British medical journal Lancet proclaimed Photography is so essentially the Art of Truth

In addition to a greater independence from water Amniotes show other ecological adaptations compared to Amphibians List and describe at least one additional anatomical novelty of Amniotes and what activity it relates to Be sure to reference the feature you discuss in the figure below D 10cm 1m

Shallow water lobe fins from the Devonian has which of the following anatomical features Ostrong limb skeletons O lungs fleshy fine

Vertebrates first colonized land in the Cambrian O True False

Living amphibians and presumably extinct ones too have a moist permeable skin Discuss the function of this type of skin

Which one of the following is the overarching reason that amphibious organisms need to live by water O the view O jump in to avoid predators O fertilization of eggs and juvenile development have plenty of drinking supplies

4 Microbial fuel cells have the potential to aid waste treatment and other forms of bioremediation Label the following small scale representation of one such device CO H H O Oxygen Water H O C B Reduction Oxidation Anode Proton permeable membrane Organic waste products Cathode

Correctly label the following illustration of movement of energy through Earth s biosystem Consumers biomass Earth s biosphere Energy is gained Order increases Sun s energy 4 Earth Outside Earth Energy is dissipated Order decreases B O Decomposition Photosynthesis Light Heat Heterotrophy

ATP and NADH are important energy carriers in the cell Sort the list of features below to indicate whether they are characteristic of ATP NADH or both Features 10 items Drag and drop into the appropriate area below Can transfer phosphate groups Energy Carriers Contains nicotinamide ring ATP Drag and drop here Contains adenosine Can donate hydrogen atoms NADH Drag and drop here Diffusible through the cytoplasm Activates sugars for glycolysis Both Drag and drop here Energy stored bonds betwe two terminal phosphates

Arrange the following items in the order in which they receive electrons from glycolysis and TCA oxidations and harness the energy to establish a transmembrane proton gradient Question List 5 items Drag and drop into the appropriate area Oxidoreductase Order of electron acceptors 1 NAD 2 Oxygen 3 4 5

h In biological cells the actual AG of a given reaction may differ significantly from the predicted AG Consider a reaction in which reactants A and B are reversibly converted to products C and D When the value of AGis zero at thermodynamic equilibrium the reaction proceeds equally well in forward and reverse But what if the concentrations of products and reactants are not equal To determine the effect of relative concentrations of reactants and products on actual AG we use AG AG 2 303 RTlog C D A B where Ris the gas constant R 8 315 J K mol and Tis the absolute temperature in kelvins 298 K which is equal to 25 C V 1st attempt See Hint If a reaction has a AG close to zero but the actual ratio of products in the cell is very large i e 104 what would the corresponding effect be on actual AG and reaction direction compared to standard conditions AG Choose one or more OA There would be no change in AG relative to AG OB There would be no change in reaction direction OC The reactants would increase relative to AG OD The AGwould be more positive than AG OE The products would increase relative to A G than A

In addition to intrinsic properties such as changes in enthalpy AH and entropy AS the direction of a given reaction is dependent on the microenvironment in which the reaction takes place Therefore to facilitate comparisons scientists often use the term AG to refer to AG as determined under standard conditions Which of the following is are included in standard conditions Select all that apply Choose one or more O A concentration of reactants OB temperature C pressure O D pH O E humidity OF concentration of products

O Auxin such as Indoleacetic Acid IAA Gibberellin Ethylene O Cytokinin Abscisic Acid Brassinosteroids Question 2 1 pts Identify the class of hormone that promotes the growth of lateral buds and prevents the senescence of leaves

Abscisic acid Question 4 auxins closure Question 5 5 proteins and Identify the class of hormone that promotes cell elongation and inhibits lateral growth of buds 1 pts 1 pts

Which of the following findings support the hypothesis that Geobacter pili act as electrically conductive nanowires Choose one or more A Geobacter produces a current in fuel cells when provided with acetate B Conductivity of isolated pili is not affected by temperature and pH C Cells produce more pili when no oxidant is available D Cells unable to produce a type IV secretion system can still generate current E Cells genetically modified to produce more pili generate more current

and prevents the senescence of leaves Cytokinins Question 3 1 pts Identify the class of hormone that is growth inhibiting it promotes seed

lateral growth of buds gibberellins Question 5 Identify the phenolic compound implicated as a signal in defense responses to plant pathogens 1 pts

Mitosis of an Animal Cell Enchanted Learning com

Visit an area within your vicinity Identify at least one type of ecosystem and be able to explain ecosystem you have chosen Take a picture s or selfie of it 60 points Photo or Model of Student Ecosystem Content Vocabulary Poor 5pts did not accurately and neatly display model of ecosystem Organization 74 or fewer of concepts are described correctly demonstrating little knowledge of ecosystem terms and concepts Fair 10 pts Student displayed ecosystem below the expectations of the instructor lacking either neatness or accuracy 75 85 of concepts 85 94 are to described concepts correctly described demonstrating fair correctly knowledge of demonstrating ecosystem terms and concepts writer Organization and structure detract from the message of the Paragraphs are disjointed and lack transition of The thoughts The Organization and structure of the paper is not easy to follow Paragraph transitions need are unclear paper is inadequate excessive Good 15 pts Student somewhat displayed the ecosystem with accuracy and neatness paper is length inadequate excessive in length of are Excellent 20 pts Student exceeded the expectations of the instructor by accurately and neatly displaying the ecosystem model 95 100 of are concepts described correctly Score demonstrating high knowledge of good knowledge of ecosystem terms ecosystem terms and concepts and concepts Organization and structure of the paper is somewhat easy to follow Paragraphs contain transitions The paper s length is acceptable some Organization and structure of the paper are clear and easy to follow Paragraphs contain appropriate transitions The paper s length is appropriate for ideas expressed TOTAL

uestion 15 Which of the following is not associated with prions O Replicating shapes Mad cow disease DNA O Toxic proteins

Question 17 Which one is normal prion protein O PrPc PrPsc

stion 16 On a phylogenetic tree which term refers to lineages that diverged from the same place O sister taxa

In the chapter review the figure on the limitation of the phylogenetic tree which evolved

Question 6 Which statement is true of viroids O They are single stranded RNA particles O They reproduce only outside of the cell They produce proteins They affect both plants and animals

Question 5 A bacteriophage can infect O the lungs O viruses O prions O bacteria

Question 3 Tor F The capsomere is made up of small protein subunits called capsids O True O False

The next few questions refer to the pedigree below The pedigree illustrates the inheritance of a rare disease in humans Small numbers above selected shapes indicate specific individuals First what is the phenotype of individual 1 DO female with the disease O male without the disease male with the disease O female without the disease motion to answer this question 3 4 Ho

Which of these organisms has the longest generation time sometimes referred to as life cycle O Drosophila melanogaster O Neurospora crassa O Mus musculus O Arabidopsis thaliana Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1 2 3 4 5 Description 1 2 3 4 AO Description Copyright 2021 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved Superior 9 8 7 6 6 7 8 9 Figure 9 6 in the textbook Right Anterior Liver Posterior 5 6 7 8 Figure 9 7 in the textbook Anterior Inferior Posterior Left Chapter 9 The Abdominal A

erved offspring AABB 5 AaBB 15 aa88 8 see below Mating AaBb x AaBb 1 pt AABb 10 88bb 6 BaBb 30 aaBb 11 Babb 13 aabb 2 the observed offspring the result of the parents using chi square stati

Chlorophyll O is synonymous with bacteriochlorophyll is only found in bacteria O No answer is correct O is only found in plants

The complex bacterial media named Luria Bertani LB can be used to grow E coli and many other bacteria from the human gut But most microorganisms from the open ocean will not grow or will die on LB Why O They are anaerobes O They are autotrophs O They are oligotrophs

Most bacteria like to attach to surfaces So where do you expect to find them in sediments as biofilms on sand silt and clay particles O attached to air gas bubbles swimming in the pore water

Which of the following compounds would be used by a chemoorganotroph for generating energy O glucose carbon dioxide O light O iron

What is an average concentration of bacterial and archaeal cells in marine water at several thousand meters depth O 10 cells ml O 108 cells ml O 106 cells ml O 10 cells ml

Which metric describes the number of different species present in a community O species diversity species abundance O species evenness O species richness

During anaerobic respiration redox half reaction is lower O higher a compound can serve as an electron donor as long as the dono on the redox tower than that of the acceptor half reaction

What compound do most chemolithotrophs use as a source of carbon to build biomass O glucose carbon dioxide O organic sources other than glucose

Which biomolecule functions as the major light harvesting pigment in cyanobacteria chlorophyll carotenoids bacteriochlorophyll chlorosomes

Prochlorococcus a cyanobacterium is a free living marine organism that fixes CO into biomass while producing molecular oxygen utilized by swarms of other bacteria Which of the following is the most likely habitat of this bacterium sediments of a deep lake the euphotic light exposed zone of a pelagic aqueous environment O the ocean seafloor O the rhizosphere in soil O the aphotic zone of a pelagic aqueous environment

Which of the following is not a reduced molecule and can NOT be used as electron donor in chemolithotrophic organisms carbon dioxide CO O hydrogen H O sulfide H S O ammonium NH4

Many of the organisms that grow near deep sea black smokers are mesophiles and anaerobes hyperthermophiles and psychrophiles O hyperthermophiles and lithotrophs

Which metabolic strategy is most common in chemolithotrophic microbial mats at the surface of deepsea sediment O ammonia oxidation sulfide oxidation O iron oxidation O nitrate reduction

What type of energy yielding metabolism is found ONLY in Bacteria and Archaea not in Eukarya chemolithotrophy O chemoorganotrophy