Biology Questions

8 1 point Which of the following is an example of cheating Return Sharing notes with a friend who missed class that day O Checking your smartwatch or phone for answers during a test or texting a friend for answers 000 0 1 point Which of the following are consequences of cheating Clarifying with your instructor whether or not you can use outside sources during an exam Asking a friend what citation format they ll be using for the final paper Submit Students who cheat will be unprepared for their future careers Its unlikely cheating will have many practical or social consequences besides lower grades Instructors are unable to accurately asses student performance or evaluate their mastery of knowledge in their field Cheating can become a habit that continues into other aspects of life and devalues hard work integrity and fairness Submit heating is a broad term that encompasses many different ways that a student might attempt to gain academic credit in a way that is unfair deceitful or fraudulent Every semester at CSUB the Dean of Students receives reports from professors who have caught students attempting to cheat in one form or another Both professors and students are responsible for upholding the reputation of the university Cheating is often purposeful in nature but an unawareness of course or university policies and assignment requirements could also create confusion about what is and is not allowed Regardless of intention cheating can never be justified especially once you have learned the ways that it can negatively impact your college career and life outside the university Stay on the right path Know course policies on assignments collaboration exams Check the Syllabus If ethical dilemmas arise seek advice from trusted faculty or staff on campus on how you should deal with it Protect yourself It is your responsibility to clarify when collaboration is allowed and when it is not Different cultures and educational systems can vary in how information is used and credited Reach out to your instructors early to avoid misunderstandings

1 point Cheating is justified if the professor has unfair or difficult questions on an exam True False 1 point Which of the following is an example of cheating Sharing notes with a friend who missed class that day Return Checking your smartwatch or phone for answers during a test or texting a friend for answers 1 point Which of the following are consequences of cheating Clarifying with your instructor whether or not you can use outside sources during an exam Asking a friend what citation format they ll be using for the final paper 4 Submit for their future careers Da fraudulent Every semester at CSUB the Dean of Students receives reports from professors who have caught students attempting to cheat in one form or another Both professors and students are responsible for upholding the reputation of the university Cheating is often purposeful in nature but an unawareness of course or university policies and assignment requirements could also create confusion about what is and is not allowed Regardless of intention cheating can never be justified especially once you have learned the ways that it can negatively impact your college career and life outside the university Stay on the right path Know course policies on assignments collaboration exams Check the Syllabus If ethical dilemmas arise seek advice from trusted faculty or staff on campus on how you should deal with it Protect yourself It is your responsibility to clarify when collaboration is allowed and when it is not Different cultures and educational systems can vary in how information is used and credited Reach out to your instructors early to avoid misunderstandings

Refer to the figure below A most recent common ancestor for both species C and E could be at position number Present Time 10 MYA B Son Dak V m mana ada 3 4 Genetic Relatedness

1 point Match the factors for cheating with an appropriate example Excuse making Performance anxiety Unfamiliarity with what constitutes cheating Peer pressure Self justification habits Inability to manage demands of student life O Return Falco Submit Cheating because social and academic lives have become too disorganized or stressful to manage 1 point Genuinely misunderstanding a Cheating is justified if the professor has unfair or difficult q course policy requiring individual work True Cheating to compensate for poor Blaming the reason for cheating on the course instructor being too hard 11 might attempt to gain academic credit in a way that is unfair deceitful or fraudulent Every semester at CSUB the Dean of Students receives reports from professors who have caught students attempting to cheat in one form or another Both professors and students are responsible for upholding the reputation of the university Cheating is often purposeful in nature but an unawareness of course or university policies and assignment requirements could also create confusion about what is and is not allowed Regardless of intention cheating can never be justified especially once you have learned the ways that it can negatively impact your college career and life outside the university Stay on the right path Know course policies on assignments collaboration exams Check the Syllabus If ethical dilemmas arise seek advice from trusted faculty or staff on campus on how you should deal with it Protect yourself It is your responsibility to clarify when collaboration is allowed and when it is not Different cultures and educational systems can vary in how information is used and credited Reach out to your instructors early to avoid misunderstandings

nt of the following are definitions of cheating Obtaining answers from someone or giving someone answers through dishonest or deceptive means Studying with a group prior to an exam attempting to gain academic credit in an unfair deceitful or fraudulent way Unauthorized use of information materials and sources when completing academic activities int h the factors for cheating with an appropriate exampl Cheating because social and academic lives have become too disorganized or stressful to manage use making formance anxiety Blaming the reason for cheating on the course instructor being too hard DO professors who have caught students attempting to cheat in one form or ano Both professors and students are responsible for upholding the reputation of university Cheating is often purposeful in nature but an unawareness of COL university policies and assignment requirements could also create confusion what is and is not allowed Regardless of intention cheating can never be jus especially once you have learned the ways that it can negatively impact your college career and life outside the university Stay on the right path Know course policies on assignments collaboration exams Check the Syllabus If ethical dilemmas arise seek advice from trusted faculty or staff on campus on how you should deal with it Protect It is your responsibility to when collaboration is allow when it is not Different cultures and education can vary in how information is u credited Reach out to your inst early to avoid misunderstanding

O a Molecular sequencing data b Morphological similarities among organisms c Neither morphological similarities or molecule sequencing d Both morphological similarities and molecular sequencing

0 1 point ccording to the tutorial which TWO answers below demonstrate what it means to cknowledge that information has value Purchasing or renting the correct textbooks for all classes X Crediting creators of information appropriately Missed Option Incorrect X Accessing information legally Being on time and prepared for class each day Selected Answer Incorrect 1 1 point One way that you can act with academic integrity is whenever students attempt to gain an unearned academic advantage Plagiarism is claiming the published or unpublished work of someone else as your own This includes handing in someone else s work turning in copied or purchased compositions using paragraphs sentences phrases words or ideas including paraphrasing written by another writer or using data and or statistics compiled by someone else as your own without giving appropriate credit to the original writer Plagiarism also includes using your work submitted in another class without permission of your current instructor When a faculty member discovers a violation of the university s policy of academic integrity the faculty member will meet with the student s involved and is required to notify the Dean of Students office and detail the alleged violation including the name s of the student s suspected the class in which the alleged violation occurred the circumstances of the alleged violation and the evidence including witnesses supporting the allegation The faculty member will also formally notify the student s suspected of violating the university s policy of academic integrity the department chair fo the course involved in the incident and the appropriate school dean The Dean of Students or designee will investigate confer with the faculty member student s and any witnesses identified ar review all evidence submitted by the faculty member and student s to impose an administrative sanction beyond the academic penalty already placed by the faculty member Students who perform dishonestly in this course may earn zero credit on the assignment exam or a failing grade in the course depending on the level of severity of the offense

3 int tare possible consequences to academic misconduct Failing an assignment Impressing your professors Expulsion from the university Failing the class point omplete the sentences by matching them to the correct response CSUB s expectations and consequences for Academic Misconduct can be found in To know which citation style you should use for a paper contact You can find the academic integrity policy by Return Conducting yourself with academic integrity Submit blator 00 4 code Academic dishonesty cheating is improve a grade or obtain course credit Academic dishonesty is not limited to exams alone but arises whenever students attempt to gain an unearned academic advantage Plagiarism is claiming the published or unpublished work of someone else as your own This includes handing in someone else s work turning in copied or purchased compositions using paragraphs sentences phrases words or ideas including paraphrasing written by another writer or using data and or statistics compiled by someone else as your own without giving appropriate credit to the original writer Plagiarism also includes using your work submitted in another class without permission of your current instructor When a faculty member discovers a violation of the university s policy of academic integrity the faculty member will meet with the student s involved and is required to notify the Dean of Students office and detail the alleged violation including the name s of the student s suspected the class in which the alleged violation occurred the circumstances of the alleged violation and the evidence including witnesses supporting the allegation The faculty member will also formally notify the student s suspected of violating the university s policy of academic integrity the department chair for the course involved in the incident and the appropriate school dean The Dean of Students or designee will investigate confer with the faculty member student s and any witnesses identified and review all evidence submitted by the faculty member and student s to impose an administrative sanction beyond the academic penalty already placed by the faculty member Students who perform dishonestly in this course may earn zero credit on the assignment exam or a failing grade in the course depending on the level of severity of the offense Students are expected to uphold the standards of academic integrity Cheating in any form will not be tolerated and will result in a formal report to the University Dean of Students You are always expected to follow the student conduct code and uphold the CSUB Guiding Principles while learning on this campus

Accessing information legally Crediting creators of information appropriately Return 1 point According to the tutorial which TWO answers below demonstrate what it means to acknowledge that information has value Purchasing or renting the correct textbooks for all classes Being on time and prepared for class each day 1 point One way that you can act with academic integrity is Doing whatever it takes to get an A Submit Accurately representing your own understanding or knowledge of a topic Learning all of the different types of citation styles Asking your friend to give you the answers to your homework 1 point Adding your own voice to the scholarly conversation is a violation of academic integrity True code Academic dishonesty cheating is a broad category of actions that use fraud and deception t improve a grade or obtain course credit Academic dishonesty is not limited to exams alone but aris whenever students attempt to gain an unearned academic advantage Plagiarism is claiming the pu or unpublished work of someone else as your own This includes handing in someone else s work t in copied or purchased compositions using paragraphs sentences phrases words or ideas includi paraphrasing written by another writer or using data and or statistics compiled by someone else a own without giving appropriate credit to the original writer Plagiarism also includes using your wor submitted in another class without permission of your current instructor When a faculty member discovers a violation of the university s policy of academic integrity the fac member will meet with the student s involved and is required to notify the Dean of Students office detail the alleged violation including the name s of the student s suspected the class in which the alleged violation occurred the circumstances of the alleged violation and the evidence including witnesses supporting the allegation The faculty member will also formally notify the student s suspected of violating the university s policy of academic integrity the department chair for the cour involved in the incident and the appropriate school dean The Dean of Students or designee will investigate confer with the faculty member student s and any witnesses identified and review all evidence submitted by the faculty member and student s to impose an administrative sanction beya the academic penalty already placed by the faculty member Students who perform dishonestly in the course may earn zero credit on the assignment exam or a failing grade in the course depending on t level of severity of the offense Students are expected to uphold the standards of academic integrity Cheating in any form will not b

Hormones provide the raw material for growth and repair and may be a source of energy O True False Amylase is a protective secretion that acts as a lubricant and aids in swallowing True False Bile is a substance produced by the liver that emulsifies fats for faster breakdown by lipases True False 1 point 1 poin 10

Classify each of the following carbohydrates Answer choices may be used 7 points more than once a monosaccharide b disaccharide c polysaccharide fructose lactose glycogen cellulose glucose starch sucrose a O O O O b OOO OOO O C OOO O

Match each definition with the correct term a aerobic cellular respiration b gas exchange c ventilation d partial pressure e plasma f hemoglobin 1 O O 2 O O O O 3 O O O O O O 4 O O 5 O O O O O OOO O 6 points 6 O O

Match each component to the organ in which it is found Answer choices may be used more than once a small intestine b large intestine c stomach ileum rectum mucosa duodenum anus jejunum a OOO OO O b OOO OO O O O O O 7 points P

Match each definition with the correct term Answer choices may be used only once a aerobic cellular respiration b gas exchange c ventilation d partial pressure e plasma f hemoglobin 1 the series of chemical reactions that occur in the cell that provide energy and consume oxygen 2 the processes whereby the body cells obtain oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide 3 The liquid component of blood in which blood cells are suspended 4 the process in more complex organisms that ensures a flow of oxygen rich air to the lungs 5 The protein in red blood cells that bonds with oxygen and enables the transport of oxygen around the body 6 The pressure of each of the individual gases that make up the total pressure of a mixture of gases

Breathing is largely a n involuntary action True False Platelets are cell fragments in the blood that are necessary for blood clotting O True False A n alveolus is a tiny sac at the end of a bronchiole that forms the respiratory membrane True False 1F

1 point The atrioventricular valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta and the right ventricle and the pulmonary arteries O True O False Air always flows from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure True False 1 point

Over 90 of plasma is water O True O False Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that causes the alveoli to fill with fluid preventing gas exchange True False Hemoglobin is the liquid component of blood in which blood cells are suspended O True O False 1 pc 1

Ingestion is the removal of waste food materials from the body True O False A microvillus is a lymphatic vessel within a villus through which digested fats enter the circulatory system True O False The ventricle is a chamber of the heart that receives blood from the body O True O False 1 point 1 point 1 point

blood around the body True False Phosphorylation is the process by which oxygen diffuses into the body cells and carbon dioxide diffuses out of the cells O True False The movement of food into and out of the stomach is controlled by circular muscles called peristalsis True False 1 point 1 point

contracts True False A n diaphragm is one of the two main branches of the trachea that leads toward the lungs True O False 1 point Once swallowed food moves from the mouth to the stomach by way of the 1 point esophagus O True O False

During which stage of the digestion process are nutrients transferred from 1 the digestive system to the bloodstream ingestion egestion absorption Odigestion

What is the main difference between an open circulatory system and a closed one 1 point A closed circulatory system contains a network of tubes in which the transporting fluid circulates while an open system does not In a closed circulatory system the transporting fluid is contained within a network of blood vessels that separates blood from tissue while in an open system the blood and tissue fluid mix An open circulatory system contains a pump that pushes the fluid through the network or tubes while a closed system does not An open circulatory system contains a fluid that transports materials through the body while a closed system does not

Which statement is true about blood pressure O The diastolic pressure for a healthy young adult should be around 120 mm Hg The first reading on a sphygmomanometer is the systolic pressure which is a measure of the blood pressure in the arteries when the heart relaxes c Blood pressure is consistent throughout the entire circulatory system Blood pressure decreases as blood flows away from the heart to the veins and back to the heart 1 point Oto provide a network of tubes in which fluid circulates Oto serve as a pump to move fluid through blood vessels What is are the main function s of blood in the circulatory system O to deliver oxygen and nutrients to and transport wastes away from the cells of the body all of the above 0 1 point

Which part of the circulatory system delivers blood to the lungs atrium pulmonary circuit septum O systemic circuit In humans and other mammals gas exchange occurs at which two locations lungs and heart oral cavity and body cells O oral cavity and heart Olungs and body cells 1 poin 1 pol

During which stage of the digestion process does the physical and chemical breakdown of complex food molecules into smaller molecules occur O absorption O egestion O ingestion O digestion Which of the following is cellulose an example of O an enzyme a disaccharide O a monosaccharide a polysaccharide

Which of the following is a hereditary disease tuberculosis O influenza pneumonia cystic fibrosis Which part of the blood is necessary for clotting neutrophils O erythrocytes Olymphocytes platelets

During which stage of the digestion process are nutrients taken in Oingestion digestion egestion absorption Which of the following components of the digestive system is involved with 1 point the ingestion of food salivary glands O gall bladder stomach 1 point pancreas

Which of the following is part of the intercellular component of blood red blood cells platelets O white blood cells O plasma What are the products of aerobic cellular respiration O carbon dioxide water and glucose carbon dioxide and water only O carbon dioxide glucose and oxygen carbon dioxide water and energy 1 poin 1 p

Which part of the circulatory system delivers blood around the body systemic circuit pulmonary circuit septum atrium Which term describes a mixture of blood and tissue fluid that is the circulating fluid in an open circulatory system septum O hemolymph O ventricle O atrium 1 point 1 pc

Which term describes the tissue that divides a human body cavity into smaller parts hemolymph diaphragm ventricle O septum Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide starch O sucrose O glucose O lactose 1 point 1 point

What does this diagram illustrate pneumothorax gas exchange in the alveoli exhalation external intercostal muscles inhalation internal intercostal muscles inward bulk flow of air diaphragm 1

What does an organism need in order to grow build and repair tissues and to produce energy triglycerides hormones nutrients enzymes

TUR Janice hele f Lipid Envelope GP Envelops Protain RNA Genome VP40 Sumene HHHHK T Polymerase 1 VP35 V924 VP30 NP Questions 1 Which reliable scientific resources do you think Terry accessed for her research Why do you consider these reputable resources 2 Compare and contrast the structure and components of the Ebola virus with that of enveloped and non enveloped general virus particles shown or created in Part I of the case 3 Choose one of the five steps of the Ebola virus life cycle and explain the attributes of that step that could pose as a therapeutic target

Figure 5 Ebola virus entry An animation of this process can be found at http makeagif com i MKqWnP Cell Surface Virus Key FL GP timer 19 4Da GP timer RNA Genome Ribonucleocapsid H C C Cell Key Viral Receptor Low pH Inactive Cat B Active Cat B Inactive Cat L Active Cat L NPC1 HH Early Endosome H HIIR H HIIH Cathepsins B and L H Ha He H Ho He H H H HIK Late Endosome Lysosome H He He

Viruses of Repute Describe viral structure How is Senetic information encoded What are the potential hosts of a virus How would we culture viruses Figure 1 A general viral particle 3 Examine the diagram below depicting viral infection of a typical cell a Describe what is happening in each of the five steps b What are the roles of the two cellular factors shown on the diagram Figure 2 A general viral life cycle Attachment w m Entry w 3333 ww Nucleus w m ww wm Synthesis Assembly Release

Character Wings Stinger Star Belly Claws Long legs loss of arms Eye stalks Character Character Character Character Character Character Character Character Character Species Species Species Species Species Species Character AB A2Y A446 A 6813 A12 A21P A46Q A356 A88T Six Legs Species Species Species

Adaptation Yolk Sac Utilization in Fish Larvae a How it works Fish larvae heavily rely on the yolk sac for nourishment during the early stages of development The yolk sac is a specialized structure containing nutrient rich resources transferred from the egg As the larvae grow they gradually absorb and utilize these nutrients from the yolk sac b Benefit to the organism This adaptation provides a crucial energy source for fish larvae supporting their growth and development in the initial stages of life The yolk sac allows them to sustain themselves before transitioning to external food sources enhancing their survival chances c Peer reviewed citation Jones G P McCormick M I Srinivasan M Eagle J V 2004 Coral decline threatens fish biodiversity in marine reserves Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 21 8251 8253

The growth of microbial populations can be measured in many ways Some methods measure cell numbers and other methods track the population s total mass which is often directly proportional to cell numbers But the most frequently used method for measuring bacterial population is the plate count One of the important advantages of this method is that it determines the number of viable cells This is in contrast to for example estimating cell numbers by measuring turbidity which does not distinguish between viable and dead cells Bacterial growth normally refers to increase in bacterial numbers rather than an increase in size Most bacteria divide by binary fission so that under ideal circumstances the bacterial population doubles every generation given that every bacterium divides into two bacteria Doubling varies greatly among bacteria but can occur as quickly as every 20 minutes and after 20 generations a single cell can grow to over 1 million in number It is difficult to graph population changes of such enormous magnitude by using arithmetic numbers A logarithmic scale is preferable in visualizing bacterial growth Generation time G is the time it takes for the population to double in number The equation t is the time and n is the number of generations The average generation time is between 30 and 60 minutes under optimal conditions Here is an example about calculating generation time What is the generation time of a bacterial population that increases from 10 000 to 10 000 000 cells in four hours of growth The formula to use would be G t 3 3log a A a number of bacteria at the beginning of a time interval A number of bacteria at the end of the time interval G 1 3 3log a A G 240 minutes 3 3log 107 104 G 24 minutes If the generation time for two different populations of bacteria is identical it is indicative of similar growth rates Control 500 ml of cottage cheese was inoculated with a 2 ml culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and incubated at 25 C Five hours after inoculation in a standard plate count there were 200 bacterial cells ml After 29 hours at 25 C there were 1 000 000 cells ml Experiment 500 ml of cottage cheese containing the preservative was inoculated with a 2 ml culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa After 6 hours of incubation at 25 C a standard plate count was performed There were 700 bacterial cells ml After 38 hours there were 61 000 000 bacterial cells ml Number 1 2 ch 6 24 32 200 700 1 00 x 10 6 10 x 10 6 10 x 10 Log 0 00 0 30 0 70 0 78 1 38 1 51 2 30 2 85 6 00 6 79 7 79 1 Why were plate counts used for analyzing bacterial growth instead of direct microscopic counts or turbidity measurements here and the experiment cottage cheese differ What was the independent variable and dependent variable

7 In Drosophila fruit fly vestigial wings short and useless and black body color are due to two separate recessive genes The dominant alleles are normal long wings and gray body color Use N n G and g to show a cross between a vestigial winged black female and a homozygous long winged homozygous gray bodied male fly Show complete Punnett squares and give the phenotype ratios for both the F1 and F2 generations A P Cross Phenotype ratio F1 B F1 Cross Phenotype ratio F2 X bil X 8 In humans Antitidia a type of blindness is due to a dominant gene Migraine a type of headache is the result of a different dominant gene Lack of these traits is recessive in both cases A man with Antitidia whose mother was not blind married a woman who suffered from Migraines but her father did not What proportion of

The of energy The diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane is called This type of sexual reproduction in bacteria involves the transfer of genetic material between two cells which creates cells with different DNA This is called A is a diploid cell formed from the fusion of male and is a substance taken in the treatment of bacterial female gametes An infections The is a cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles is a type of asexual reproduction in prokaryotes that involves a cell is all the possible combinations splitting into two identical cells In genetics the of alleles that an organism has for a trait is a type of diffusion across a semi permeable membrane in which substances are transported through the membrane with the help of protein channels and carriers are bundles of hollow are organelles in the cell that play an important role for cells as a source cylinders made of protein that help bring about an orderly distribution of chromosomes by attaching to the centromeres of a chromosome and pulling it to opposite sides of the cell

Part III Is there a net gain or loss of ATP during the transport of the citrate O gain loss

that it is relevant for metabolism what is the metabolic entry point Question 7 2 points 4 Listen Part III Is there a net gain or loss of ATP during the transport of the citrate Table 3 The Cell Wall The Cell Membrane Glycolysis TCA cycle Electron Transport Chain Groek ETPUM ETPUM Lak mbic Medium 2

Question 5 2 points Listen Medium 1 Medium 2 aw NING Part III Which medium would you consider to be minimal or defined s1 Ran mig al00 43670 Myy you consider to be complex or rich alle

Who did you work with in the synchronous session This question will be scored based on participation in the synchronous session for this activity

polyurethane Yes No Question 9 2 points O Part III Consider the ATPs that can be generated via substrate level phosphorylation How many ATPs can be generated via TCA Is this enough to support growth is there a net positive in the ATP tally 0 1 yes O 1 no O2 yes O2 no during growth on 36 yes

Part III Which medium would you consider to be minimal or defined 12 KAMPO EROPON EP Hao O Medium 1 Modium

Part III Given that polyurethane is a huge polymer MW 100 000 Daltons and that it is relevant for metabolism what is the metabolic entry point O The Cell Wall The Cell Membrane O Glycolysis OTCA cycle Electron Transport Chain

Part II If your goal is to characterize the ETPUM whose results are more informative yours or your boss s Why What do your results indicate about the nature of this microbe Does its biochemical composition most closely resemble that of a Gram positive or Gram negative organism Cheker DNA DIGA RNA R Nu O Gram positive Gram negative

Part III Consider the ATPs that can be generated via substrate level phosphorylation Will glycolysis be useful for generating any ATPs during growth c polyurethane Yes

prens to plain cur des that wil FLVIS Leo that he will help my pre conferenc You know the functional architecture of bacters and how they might be able to degrade polyurethane I think that eukaryotes might be ton complicated for this sudlence so I just want to show them what Gram negative bacteria focik e leva schematic dogram Pve put together this diagram of a typical Gram negative cell Take a look at it and make any corrections you think are necessary Notice that I not only labeled the features I also Indicated the major blochemical composition and function s of each main feature Oh yeah this figure will probably make It Into lots of newspapers magazines and web sites so It needs t wouldn t want to make DuPunt look stupid would we I ve already done most of the be scientifically correct We work Just proofread It and make any necessary corrections Ust your answers below with the letter from the figure the name of the cell part and the function CAPSULE PILI CYTOPLASM FLAGELLA NUCLEOID CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE PEPTIDOGLYCAN 1 A 2 B 3 C 5 E 6 F