Cell Cycle and Cell Division Questions and Answers

Listen In E coli there is a mutation in a gene called dnaB that alters the helicase that normally acts at the origin of replication Which of the following events would you expect to occur as a result of this mutation No replication fork will be formed Replication will occur via RNA polymerase alone Replication will require a DNA template from another source Additional proofreading will occur

Which of the following statements describes the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell after telophase of meiosis l The cells are haploid and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids The cells are diploid and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid The cells are haploid and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid The cells are diploid and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids

FtsZ is a bacterial cytoskeletal protein that forms a contractile ring involved in binary fission Its function is analogous to the cell plate of eukaryotic plant cells O the mitotic spindle of eukaryotic cells the microtubule organizing center of eukaryotic cells the cleavage furrow of eukaryotic animal cells

Which of the following statements supports the one gene one enzyme hypothesis A mutation in a single gene can result in a defective protein Multiple antibody genes can code for different related proteins depending on the splicing that takes place post transcriptionally Sickle cell anemia results in normal hemoglobin O Alkaptonuria results when individuals lack multiple enzymes involved in the catalysis of homogentisic acid

In what way do kinetochore microtubules facilitate the process of splitting the centromeres They use motor proteins to hydrolyze the centromere at specific arginine residues They slide past each other like actin microfilaments They phosphorylate the centromere thereby changing its conformation They create tension by pulling toward opposite poles

How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that are in prophase of meiosis l The cells have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice the amount of DNA The cells have half the number of chromosomes and one fourth the amount of DNA The cells have half the number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA The cells have the same number of chromosomes and half the amount of DNA

Which of the following statements correctly describes the primary difference between enhancers and proximal control elements Enhancers improve transcription proximal control elements inhibit transcription Enhancers are DNA sequences proximal control elements are proteins Enhancers are transcription factors proximal control elements are DNA sequences Enhancers are located considerable distances from the promoter proximal control elements are close to the promoter

During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes Ometaphase prophase anaphase telophase

Which of the following mechanisms is used to coordinate the expression of multiple related genes in eukaryotic cells OA given gene may have multiple enhancers but each enhancer is generally associated with only that gene and no other Environmental signals enter the cell and bind directly to promoters The genes are organized into a large operon allowing them to be coordinately controlled as a single unit A single repressor is able to turn off several related genes

A couple has a child with Down syndrome The mother is 39 years old at the time of delivery Which of the following is the most probable cause of the child s condition One member of the couple underwent nondisjunction in somatic cell production The mother had a chromosomal duplication The woman inherited this tendency from her parents One of the gametes in the mother most likely underwent nondisjunction during meiosis

Amoebas are currently considered types of protists yet they can move and engulf food particles like animals Why are they not considered animals Othey have no nervous or muscle tissue Othey are autotrophic Othey are not multicelled Othey are too small they do not have coparoto

The working distance for a 10x objective lens is OA a little bit greater than the working distance for the 100 objective lens O B much less than the working distance for the 100x objective lens OC a little bit less than the working distance for the 100x objective lens OD much greater than the working distance for the 100x objective lens

OA prophase telophase OB meiosis mitosis on and C mitosis interphase D mitosis cytokinesis B Na ions Question 10 1 point 40 Listen Which substance uses a carrier protein to cross the plasma membrane by facilitated diffusion OA glucose OC Cl ions or division of the cytoplasm

4 The cell cycle has checkpoints that must be passed in order for the cell to continue dividing Explain A why these checkpoints are important and B what would happen if a cell had a mutation that allowed it to bypass a checkpoint

The DNA of a child with Down Syndrome is analyzed It is found that of the three Chromosome 21 structures in the karyotype two are genetically identical and match the maternal DNA Select all of the following that are true of this scenario The karyotype of the child would be considered a monosomy because there is one extra chromosome The egg had two of Chromosome 21 The sperm did not have any copies of Chromosome 21 Nondisjunction occurred during Meiosis II Nondisjunction occurred during Meiosis I

6 Below are pictures of meiosis label them accordingly d S b Bp XX S J

The figure below shows a typical bacterial growth curve with the y axis indicating the log of the number of bacteria per ml and the x axis indicating time in culture Which section or sections shows a growth phase where the number of cells dividing by binary fission is higher than the number of cells dying Log CFU ml OB OA OD B and D B Time C D

2 of 3 The Mechanism BioFlix tutorial Meiosis I Meiosis II

View Available Hint s heredity only DNA replication crossing over FIIx tutorial metaphase I anaphase I genetic variation only metaphase II anaphase II both fertilization Reset 4 of 7 Help

Meiosis 2 of 3 The Mechanism BioFlix tutorial O qu Meiosis CA Meiosis II

homologous chromosomes sister chromatids non homologous chromosomes nonsister chromatids centromere O OND chromosome replication prior to mitosis chromosome replication prior to meiosis Prophase of mitosis Ulo JO Prophase I of meiosis b III

Mitosis 2 of 3 Mechanism of Mitosis BioFlix tutorial Part A Identifying the stages of mitosis The stages of mitosis were originally defined by cellular features observable through a light microscope The six micrographs below show animal cells lung cells from a newt during the five stages of mitosis plus cytokinesis Note that interphase is not represented in these micrographs In these images the chromosomes have been stained blue microtubules green and microfilaments red Drag each micrograph to the target that indicates the stage of mitosis or cytokinesis shows View Available Hint s prophase prometaphase metaphase anaphase telophase Reset cytokinesis 3 of 10 Help

Part B Phases of the cell cycle The cell cycle represents the coordinated sequence of events in the life of a cell from its formation to its division into two daughter cells Most of the key events of the cell cycle are restricted to a specific time within the cycle In this exercise you will identify when various events occur during the cell cycle Recall that interphase consists of the G S and G subphases and that the M phase consists of mitosis and cytokinesis Drag each label to the appropriate target View Available Hint s Non dividing cells exit cell cycle Cell divides forming two daughter cells M checkpoint Mitotic spindle begins to form G checkpoint G G checkpoint At this point cell commits to go through the cycle d Two centrosomes have formed Adapted from Biology by Campbell and Reece 2008 Pearson Education Inc Reset DNA replicates Help

Chapter 09 Homework Mitosis 1 of 3 Mitosis and the Cell Cycle BioFlix tutorial The cell cycle represents the coordinated sequence of events in the life of a cell from its formation to its division into two daughter cells Most of the key events of the cell cycle are restricted to a spe time within the cycle In this exercise you will identify when various events occur during the cell cycle Recall that interphase consists of the G S and G subphases and that the M phase consists mitosis and cytokinesis Drag each label to the appropriate target View Available Hint s Two centrosomes have formed Cell divides forming two daughter cells At this point cell commits to go through the cycle Mitotic spindle begins to form DNA replicates Non dividing cells exit cell cycle f G checkpoint M checkpoint G G G checkpoint 6 Adapted from Biology by Campbell and Reece 2008 Pearson Education Inc 2 of 10 Reset Help

The process by which the information in a gene directs the synthesis of a protein is called replication cloning post translation modification gene expression

Listen What is the best function description of the structure labeled as 7 3 1 21 6 WTE 7 5 4 8 Anchoring points for tendons and ligaments O Contains blood vessels and nerves in to and out of the central canal Provide strength and resistance in multiple directions along lines of stress Bone maintaining cell in a hole Functional unit of compact bone Canals that connect lacunae to each other and the central canal O Contains blood vessels and nerves along the length of an osteon A single weight bearing ring of collagen and inorganic material

Previously recognized similarities that seemed to connect slime molds and fungi are now considered to be A adaptations for much different functions OB variations of common ancestral traits OC homologies D examples of convergent evolution

Question 21 1 point Listen Double fertilization involves the fusion of 2 eggs with 1 sperm to produce the embryo sac O the fusion of 1 sperm with the egg and 1 sperm with the synergids to produce the seed the fusion of 2 sperms with the polar nuclei to produce the endosperm the fusion of 1 sperm with the egg to produce the zygote and 1 sperm with the polar nuclei to form the endosperm

Most fungi typically feed by forming vacuoles to ingest food particles trapping small prey with extensive mycelia invading the tissues of host plants and using them for food secreting potent enzymes and then absorbing digested

OA occur only in shoots of plants OB occur only in roots of plants OC allow plants to move from one place to another OD occur in both roots and shoots of plants Question 15 1 point

A XAXA x xay Morgan performed the cross above which has a homozygous dominant female and a male hemi zygous B mono zygous C hetero zygous

One method of gaining diversity during meiosis is in which portions of sister chromatids exchange portions of their genes A independent assortment B independent segregation C crossing over

A forms during meosis in which there are four chromatids of each chromosome A tetrad B quatrad C haploid state D diploid state

Meiosis essentially goes through twice to reach the haploid number A binary fission B meiosis C parthenogenesis D mitosis

If we have a red light at the M checkpoint then there is a unique cell that has two of everything called a A twin B dikaryon C diploid cell

A If we have a red light at the then there is a unique cell that has two of everything called a G checkpoint B G checkpoint C M checkpoint

How would you describe the frequency of the cell reproduction cycle of liver cells A Every 5 days B Every 120 days C Never D Only when threatened

Once the chromosomes are pulled apart and the membrane is starting to pinch in the middle the cell is in A anaphase B G1 C telophase D prophase

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up single file at the equator of the cell A prophase B anaphase C telophase D metaphase

A Structure 2 or structure 1 waistline of the chromosome structure 2 is called the centriole B centromere C chromatid

Which of the following is NOT part of the mitotic spindle A microtubules B asters C pores D centrosomes

Item 6 G What is a function of the highlighted cells secrete bone matrix O secrete cartilage matrix Oreabsorb bone matrix maintain bone matrix B W P Pears

The cytoskeleton of a cell is most analogous to the of a human A endoskeleton B integumentary system C nervous system D exoskeleton

The diploid stage in the lifecycle of plants is referred to as the Diplophyte Sporophyte Gymnophyte

Most bacteria have an extra chromosomal segment of DNA called a plasmid that is in eukaryotes A found C inactive B not found D proactive

hosphorous is an important component in which of the following O A ATP B DNA OC both A and B D neither A nor B

Mutation 2 is a mutation that is not near the enzyme s active site but still inactivates the enzyme Briefly explain how this mutation could eliminate MAP kinase function Again 1 2 sentences is sufficient

Which of the following statements about mitosis is correct O Mitosis introduces genetic heterogeneity into the offspring O Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms undergo mitosis O During metaphase of mitosis homologous chromosomes pair up in the middle of the cell Mitosis results in two renetically identical daughter cells

How do telomeres affect down syndrome

The human genome contains about 3 billion base pairs During the first cell division after fertilization of a human embryo the S phase is approximately three hours long Assuming an average DNA polymerase rate of 50 nucleotides second over the entire S phase what is the minimum number of origins of replication you would expect to find in the human genome Show your calculation BI U EEEE E T F G