Atomic structure Questions and Answers

The fuel used in many disposable lighters is liquid butane, C4H10. How many carbon atoms are in 2.50 g of butane?

How many molecules of C₁0H22 would you have if you have 8.23 mol?

Element R has three isotopes. The isotopes are present in 0.0398, 0.1614, and 0.7988 relative abundance. If their masses are 194, 179, and 160 respectively, calculate the atomic mass of element R. (No decimals)

Use the Rydberg equation to calculate the predicted wavelength of light emitted by a hydrogen atom as the electron moves from level n=2 to level n=1. Give your answer to four significant figures.

What is the frequency of a photon having a wavelength of 454.2 nm? (= 3.00 x 108 m/s, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J. s) 4.38 10-19 Hz 6.61 1014 Hz 6.85 1026 Hz 4.38 10-37 Hz 6.61′10-4 Hz

A. What is the hybridization of the central atom in BrCl3? Hybridization What are the approximate bond angles in this substance ? Bond angles = B. What is the hybridization of the central atom in BrF5? Hybridization = What are the approximate bond angles in this substance ? Bond angles =

For the gas phase reaction 3H₂ + N₂- 2NH3, how does the rate of disappearance of H₂ compare to the rate of disappearance of №₂? a) the initial rates are equal b) the rate of disappearance of H₂ is 1/3 the rate of disappearance of N₂ c) the rate of disappearance of H₂ is 3/2 the rate of disappearance of N2 d) the rate of disappearance of H₂ is 2/3 the rate of disappearance of N₂ e) the rate of disappearance of H₂ is 3 the rate of disappearance of N₂

The reaction is run at two temperatures where temperature 1 is higher than temperature 2. Which relationship is correct for either rate constant (k₁ or k₂) or activation energy (Ea1 and E₁,2)?

Arrange the following ions in order of increasing ionic radius: selenide ion, strontium ion, bromide ion, rubidium ion Enter the FORMULA for each ion in the boxes below. Smallest Largest

Tire pressure gauges are often calibrated in pounds per square inch. An automobile tire is inflated to a pressure of 28.3 psi. Express this pressure in atmospheres and in millimeters Hg. Hint: 1 atm = 760 mmHg 14.7 psi Pressure= atm Pressure= mmHg

X-rays have a wavelength small enough to image individual atoms, but are challenging to detect because of their typical frequency. Suppose an X-ray camera uses X-rays with a wavelength of 1.23nm. Calculate the frequency of the X-rays. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.

Suppose an AM talk radio station broadcasts radio waves with a frequency of 690. kHz. Calculate the wavelength of these radio waves. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.

Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 3.00 x 108 m/s. If you were to broadcast a question to the Mars Rover, Spirit, on Mars, which averages 225,000,000 miles from earth, what is the minimum time that you would have to wait to receive a reply?

Write the condensed orbital filling diagram of the following: A. iron (Fe) B. boron (B)

Write the full electron configuration of the following: A. sodium (Na) B. silver 1+ ion (Ag +)

Rank the following elements in order of increasing atomic size: aluminum, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and potassium. AI N K O P increasing atomic size

Draw the "cleaned up" Lewis electron dot structure of hydrogen carbonate and a 2nd structure of nitrate. Make sure to show all nonbonding pairs of electrons and assign the correct charges to the right atoms in each structure.

Be sure to answer all parts. Write the condensed ground-state electron configuration of the transition metal ion Hf2+. Is it paramagnetic? Condensed ground-state electron configuration: Paramagnetic? Yes No

One reason spectroscopists study excited states is to gain information about the energies of orbitals that are unoccupied in an atom's ground state. The following electron configuration represents an atom in an excited state. Identify the element and enter its condensed ground-state configuration: 1s²2s²2p53s¹ Element symbol: Condensed ground-state configuration: (Remember to use "square" brackets, and do not forget to superscript only the electron values.)

Threshold frequency of zinc is 9.7x1015 s-1. When an electromagnetic radiation falls on the zinc surface, it emits electrons with the energy of 1.85x10-18 J. What is the frequency of the radiation? 1.25x10¹6 S-¹ 9.7x10¹5 S-¹ 1.85x1018 S-1 7.85x1015 S-1

An electron experiences a downward force of 12.8x10-19 N while traveling in a magnetic field of 8x10-15 T west, what is the magnitude of the velocity? v=3 x 10 ¹5 m/s v= 2 x 10 ¹5 m/s v= 4 x 10 ¹5 m/s v= 1 x 10 15 m/s

Which set of elements below contains, respectively, an alkaline earth metal, a noble gas, and a transition metal? Li, Rn, Cr Ca, Ar, Pb Mg, N, Cu Na, Xe, Fe Sr, He, Ni

When the temperature of a body increases, it is observed that the wavelength of the emitted radiation changes from 0.26 mm to 0.13 mm. Find the ratio of the emissive powers of the body at the respective temperatures. 16/1 1/2 4/1 1/16

Be sure to answer all parts. How many electrons in an atom can have each of the following quantum number or sublevel designations? (a) n=2, 1=1 (b) 3d (c) 4s

Draw the molecular orbital (MO) electron diagram for the Li molecular ion. Be sure your diagram contains all of the electrons in the ion, including any core electrons.

What elements are in hydroxyapatite, Ca5(PO4)3OH, a major compound in human bones and teeth? O carbon, potassium, oxygen, hydrogen O carbon, potassium, oxygen, helium O calcium, phosphorous, oxygen, helium O carbon, phosphorous, oxygen, helium O calcium, phosphorous, oxygen, hydrogen

Who demonstrated that electrons could be diffracted like a wave? Albert Einstein Max Planck Henrich Hertz George Thomson

The wavelength of the blue light given off by a mercury vapor street lamp is 4.36 x 10-7 m. What is the energy of this light in joules 4.56 x 10-28J 4.56 x 10-19 8.67 x 10-32J 8.67 x 10-23J 9.63 x 10-40

7) Elements from opposite sides of the periodic table tend to form __ A) covalent compounds B) ionic compounds mois ont to labom do sili C) compounds that are gaseous at room temperature siunto al loved and D) homonuclear diatomic compounds E) covalent compounds that are gaseous at room temperature

An ice cube turns into water when left out of the freezer. It is an example of melting condensation freezing Sublimation

Be sure to answer all parts.For n=5 and 1=1, give the sublevel designation, the allowable m, values, and the number of orbitals. Sublevel designation: S P d f Allowable m, values: 0 -1, 0, +1 -2,-1, 0, +1, +2 -3, -2,-1, 0, +1, +2, +3

The wavelength of the yellow light given off by a sodium vapor street lamp is 589 nm (1m = 109 nm). What is the frequency of this light in Hz (s-1)? 5.09 x 105 -1 5.09 x 1014 S-1 1.96 x 10-6-1 1.96 × 10-13 -1 1.77 x 10² S-1

14) Of the choices below, which gives the order for first ionization energies? A) Kr> Se > Br > Ga> Ge B) Kr> Br > Se > Ge > Ga C) Ga> Br> Ge> Kr > Se D) Ga> Ge> Se > Br > Kr E) Br > Se > Ga > Kr > Ge

26) The following examples are the electron configurations for corresponding atoms or ions. Which one is wrong? (a) B³+: [He] (b) 0²: 1s22s²2p¹ (c) CI: 1s²2s22p 3s²3p6 (d) Ca²+: [Ar] (e) Ti¹t: [Ar]

How quickly must a 56.3-g tennis ball travel in order to have a de Broglie wavelength that is equal to that of a photon of green light (5.40 × 10³ Å)? Enter your answer in scientific notation.

An AM station broadcasts rock music at 8.50 × 102 on your radio dial. Units for AM frequencies are given in kilohertz (kHz). Find the wavelength of the station's radio waves in meters (m), nanometers (nm), and angstroms (Å).

An atomic anion with a charge of -2 has the following electron configuration: 1s22s22p6 What is the chemical symbol for the lon? How many electrons does the lon have? How many 1s electrons are in the lon?

X-ray radiation has frequencies from 3.0×10¹6 to 3.0×10¹9 Hz, whereas the frequency region for microwave radiation is 3.0×108 to 3.0x10¹¹ Hz. We can say that: 1. The speed of X-ray radiation is __ microwave radiation. 2. The wavelength of X-ray radiation is ___ microwave radiation.

Rank the effective nuclear charge Z experienced by a valence electron in each of these atoms: atom z' experienced by a valence electron. An atom of manganese. _____ An atom of scandium. _____ An atom of nickel. _____ An atom of titanium. _____

Write the full electron configuration for phosphorus, atomic symbol P, then draw an orbital box diagram on a separate piece of paper that accounts for all of the electrons in phosphorus. You don't need to include the orbital box diagram as part of your answer. Based on your drawing, explain why phosphorus is either paramagnetic or diamagnetic.

A VHF television station assigned to channel 12 transmits its signal using radio waves with a frequency of 204.MHz. Calculate the wavelength of the radio waves. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.

Humans have three types of cone cells in their eyes, which are responsible for color vision. Each type absorbs a certain part of the visible spectrum. Suppose a particular cone cell absorbs light with a wavelength of 461.nm. Calculate the frequency of this light. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.

Calculate the mass of ammonia (NH3) that contains a trillion (1.000 × 10¹²) hydrogen atoms. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol if necessary, and round it to 4 significant digits.

NASA communicates with the Space Shuttle and International Space Station using Ku-band microwave radio. Suppose NASA transmits a microwave signal to the Space Shuttle using radio waves with a frequency of 12.GHz. Calculate the wavelength of these radio waves. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

Amateur radio operators in the United States can transmit on several bands. One of those bands consists of radio waves with a wavelength near 40.m. Calculate the frequency of these radio waves. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

Why is the sum of the masses of the five pennies different than the mass of the 5 pennies together? How would you find the volume of a single penny? Why not just add one penny to the graduated cylinder?

How many unpaired electrons are in the carbon atom? This atom is Paramagnetic B. Diamagnetic 2. How many unpaired This atom is electrons are in the titanium atom? A. Paramagnetic B. Diamagnetic

A local AM radio station broadcasts at an energy of 5.06×10-31 kJ/photon. Calculate the frequency at which it is broadcasting. Frequency KHz = (1 KHz = 10³ sec -¹)

In Rutherford's gold foil experiments, some alpha particles were deflected from their original paths but most passed through the foil with no deflection. Which statement about gold atoms is supported by these experimental observations? Gold atoms consist mostly of empty space. Gold atoms are similar to alpha particles. Alpha particles and gold nuclei have opposite charges. Alpha particles are more dense than gold atoms.

As the elements in Period 2 are considered in order from lithium to fluorine, there is an increase in the 1. atomic radius 2. electronegativity 3. number of electron shells 4. number of electrons in the first shell