Nuclear chemistry Questions and Answers

The fluorine 17 nuclide radioactively decays by electron capture Write a balanced nuclear chemical equation that describes this process Y

The carbon 11 nuclide radioactively decays by positron emission Write a balanced nuclear chemical equation that describes this proc 11

2 4 points An atom of the fictitious element Unobtanium Ub has an isotope that is 3Ub How many protons neutrons and electrons does it have 76 protons 32 neutrons 76 electrons 32 protons 44 neutrons 32 electrons 32 protons 32 neutrons 32 electrons 32 protons 108 neutrons 44 electrons 32 protons 76 neutrons 32 electrons

e uranium 238 nuclide radioactively decays by alpha emission Write a balanced nuclear chemical equation that describes this process 0 Y

Fill in the missing symbol in this nuclear chemical equation 0 234 90 Th He

First order kinetics applied to nuclear decay The nuclear decay of X 55 is a useful tool used to determine the age of ancient biological materials One sample is determined to have 0 560 of the original X 55 present Useful information half life of X 55 is 850 years Answer the following questions include details What is the rate constant including units for this decay process How old is the sample mentioned above 3 Beginning with 45 0 grams of X 55 how much will remain after 5 half lives 2

Electron beta capture electron is part of reactants of carbon 11

Alpha decay of berkelium 247

How many gallons of octane C8H18 having a density of 0 703 g cm would have to be burned to produce the same amount of energ as in the following production of 3 15 g of He by the fusion reaction H H He

Radium 226 atomic mass 226 03 the only naturally occurring isotope of this element follows the decay sequence shown below a 3 10 min 214 Pb a 3 82 day 218 Po a 1602 y 222 Rn 226 Ra Each step occurs by alpha emission The half life for each step is shown below the arrow How many years would it take for a 1 56 g sample of 226Ra to produce 13 34 mL of helium measured at 27 C and 674 torr following this decay sequence

Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for the nitrogen 14 nucleus whose mass is 14 003074 u The binding energy per nucleon i J nucleon

Calculate the mass defect for the neon 20 nucleus The mass of neon 20 is 19 992440 u The mass defect i u

After 50 years what mass in g remains of a 200 0 g sample of a radioactive isotope with a half life of 10 0 years Radioactive decay is a first order reaction

55 56 Cs Ba 432 91 Frankre 07 137 31 GRUB 88 57 70 85 102 103 Fr Ra Lr 12341 121 BSL Lanthanide series Actinide series lamann 57 La 71 72 73 Lu Hf Ta STASE 178 AD 104 105 201 monen futu 110 112 100 105 100 111 Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Uun Uuu Uub 2011 po ENGA 17270 4301 achat 89 Ac 1220 INIM MAA 105 Carles pesady 50 149 12 hours 90 74 W 18384 pretadi 01 Th Pa 231 54 75 76 Re Re Os 190 21 IN 21 bun 107 Bus THE Reptaran 93 tial isotope is It undergoes the following decay in order ha Decay calculate the values for A and Z Foun 77 Ir Kaunas 62 Jon 78 1012 27 C Y 80 79 Pt Au Hg TI 16 9 204 38 zunn 81 GO AUCOUR Shir 63 64 50 01 Berat 34 65 Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Dy Ho 144 24 SUAS 158 3 punim 94 15 30 ATOLO sto 95 157 25 Cum 96 1543 97 182 50 90 1649 wsdebian 90 Ter 100 92 101 102 U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No 921 1144 1243 045 per 2518 esn 12520 ISR RATAIS 67 lead 82 INTUITY 8 3 5 16 Pb Bi Bi Po At Rn pary 123 1925 a Decay calculate the values for A and Z a Decay calculate the values for A and Z ha Decay calculate the values for A and Z and write the correct nuclear notation for the final isotope 3047 201 uwesafn 114 pres 14 Uuq per ete the following decay series and write the correct nuclear notation for the final product Show the math calculations and A and Z values after each decay n of the periodic table is provided to determine the correct symbol for your final isotope 232Th SAR sburlars 00 70 etrus 08 Er Er Tm Yb 167 20 HASE 104 COUR

A medical technician is working with the four samples of radionuclides listed in the table below Initially each sample contains 20 00 mol of the radionuclide First order the samples by decreasing initial radioactivity Then calculate how long it will take for the amount of radionuclide in each sample to decrease to 1 3 of the initial amount C sample A B C D symbol 77 35 radionuclide Br 152 63 130 Eu 55 51 Cs 25 Mn half life 57 0 hours 13 years 29 0 minutes 46 0 minutes initial radioactivity choose one choose one choose one O choose one 1 highest 2 3 4 lowest time for amount of radionuclide to decrease to 1 32 of initial amount X hours years minutes minutes

Bromine 88 is radioactive and has a half life of 16 3 seconds What percentage of a sample would be left after 35 0 seconds Round your answer to 2 significant digits x10

Iodine 131 is radioactive and has a half life of 8 04 days How long would it take a sample to decay from 9 10 mg to 4 40 mg Round your answer to 2 significant digits d C

Fill in the information missing from this table nuclide 0 0 190 protons 12 0 0 neutrons 14 Z 0 0 0 0 82 A 207 0 00 X

Cobalt 60 is radioactive and has a half life of 5 26 years How long would it take a sample to decay from 10 0 mg to 2 80 mg Round your answer to 2 significant digits years

The potential energy due to the coulomb interaction between the nuclei in a molecule is Always attractive Mostly attractive but repulsive at large distances Always repulsive

Whether or not the process is observed in Nature which of the following could account for the transformation of carbon 10 to boron 10 A Alpha decay B Beta decay C Positron emission D Electron capture E C and D are both possible

Phosphorus 32 is radioactive and has a half life of 14 3 days How much of a 4 40 mg sample would be left after 44 5 days Round your answer to 2 significant digits Also be sure your answer has a unit symbol 11 x10 C

How many neutrons does an atom of Uranium 240 O240 092 146 148

What is the half life of sodium 24 if after 12 days the sample has a mass of 1 2 g from an initial mass of 9 6 g 12 days 24 days 36 days 1 5 pts 4 days

While most atoms are stable some are radioactive which means that they have a tendency to undergo spontaneous nuclear decay The decay of radioactive atoms generally results in the emission of particles and or energy Several types of nuclear decay can be explored with the Nuclear Decay Gizmo On the Gizmo check that Alpha decay and Uranium are selected a Click Play and then click Pause 0 when the alpha particle is clearly visible What is an alpha particle made of b Click Play and observe Besides the alpha particle what else is emitted from the nucleus during alpha decay Gamma rays are energetic electromagnetic waves they are often emitted in nuclear decay 7 Word Bank Neutron and Electron Electron and Positron Proton and Electron Blank 1 Neutron and Positron Proton Electron Proton and Gamma Neutron Gamma Positron and Gamma Proton and Neutron Neutron and Gamma Electron and Gamma Proton and Positron Positron

Indium 116 is radioactive and has a half life of 14 10 seconds Calculate the activity of a 1 9 mg sample of Indium 116 Give your answer in becquerels and in curies Round your answer to 2 significant digits 00 Bq

Cameron is a doctor treating a cancer patient Billy is an archeologist dating a vase and Isabelle is a geologist dating a layer of soil Which isotopes would each person most likely use Cameron would use carbon 14 Billy would use cobalt 60 which releases gamma rays and Isabelle would use uranium 238 Cameron would use cobalt 60 which releases gamma rays Billy would use carbon 14 and Isabelle would use uranium 238 Cameron would use uranium 238 Billy would use carbon 14 and Isabelle would use cobalt 60 which releases gamma rays Cameron would use cobalt 60 which releases gamma rays Billy would use uranium 238 and Isabelle would use carbon 14

6 Half life a A particular isotope has a half life of 4 minutes We start with a sample of 1000 radioactive atoms How many radioactive atoms would be left after 60 minutes

Yttrium 90 is a radioactive isotope used to treat tumors in the liver 0Y has a half life of 2 67 days If a patient has 1 76 g of 90 Y in her body 1 68 days after treatment what mass of 90Y was used in her dose Assume that none of the yttrium was passed normally out of her body mass of 0 Y g

1 q m I am learning about endothermic and exothermic processes O Can I differentiate between and give examples of endothermic and exothermic physical processes Can I define and calculate specific heat capacity using q mcAT Can I analyze and interpret calorimetry data to calculate heat transfer e I am learning to evaluate the energy of phase changes Can I define and calculate heat enthalpy of Fusion and heat enthalpy of vaporization D Can I explain how a heating curve represents the effect of energy changes on intermolecular forces and phases Can I analyze and interpret data and patterns in a heating curve C Tr T AT 2 VARIABLES Before 1982 pennies were made of pure copper Cu with a mass of 3 1 grams a How much heat would be required to heat a penny from 21 C to 84 C The specific heat capacity of Cu metal is 0 385 9 00 b Fill in the LOL Chart and label where the process is happening on the heating curve Make the penny the system Temperature Heat Added Temperature INITIAL CIII LIII Heat Released Temp Phase Chan c This process is exothermic endothermic d The kinetic potential both energy of the Cu atoms is increasing decreasingl e Sketch a heating curve on the same graph for a metal with c 1 5 but similar AHfus and AHvap boiling point and melting point CALCULATIONS INITIAL ENERGY FLOW 35 0 grams of water AHfus 3334 freezes at o C to become an ice cube a How much heat did the water transfer to the freezer in the process b Fill in the LOL Chart and label where the process is happening on the heating curve Let s make the water the system for this problem c This process is exothermic endothermic d The kinetic potential both energy of the Cu atoms is increasing decreasingl e Sketch a heating curve on the same graph for a new substance not water with smaller AHfus and AHvap lower boiling point and melting point but similar c f Would the substance in e have stronger or weaker inter particle attractions IMF ARIABLES CALCULATIONS Twp Phase Chan 1 P then Food ver FINAL HA Tey Frase Chen 1 here sold ANSWER ENERGY FLOW FINAL III I Temp Phase Ches 2 here Sud 4ben pr Patarl teatral ANSWER f Write a chemical equation for this process Make sure to include the Joules of heat in the equation

If the half life for a particular radioactive isotope is 6 minutes how long will it take for 120 g of that isotope to decay to 15 g Show your work

Suppose a potassium 38 nuclide decays into an argon 38 nuclide by emitting a positron Complete the nuclear chemical equation below so that it describes this nuclear reaction 38 19 08 Y

Which of these nuclides is most likely to be radioactive 39 19 K a b 27 13 Al c 127 53 1 d 243 95 Am e 209 83 Bi

m Select Beta decay from the Type of decay menu Check that Carbon is selected Question How does beta decay change the nucleus of a radioactive atom 1 Observe Click Play and watch the animation Mass number Word Bank 1 14 Neutron Proton and Positron 1 Electron Proton and Gamma Electron and Positron 0 Neutron and Electron Positron Vibrates 1 Electrons and Gamma Proton and Electron Gets Emitted Proton Neutron and Positron 2 Changes Color 2 Positron and Gamma Neutron and Gamma 0 0 Nothing Blank 1 A What happens to the decaying neutron during beta decay B What is emitted from the nucleus during beta decay C What is the mass number and charge of the emitted particle Charge Blank 2 Blank 3

M Check that Alpha decay and Uranium are selected Calculate Turn on Write equation and Show equation What you see is an equation that shows the original uranium atom on the left The boxes on the right represent the daughter product the atom produced by radioactive decay and the emitted alpha particle A How many protons were lost in the alpha decay of uranium which becomes a new element B In the bottom left box what is the atomic number of the daughter product Original Atomic Number U Protons Lost C How many protons AND neutrons were lost in the alpha decay of uranium which becomes the new atomic mass or mass number D In the top left box what is the mass number of the daughter product Original Mass U Mass Lost E In the next set of boxes enter the mass number and atomic number of the alpha particle which has the same composition as the nucleus of a helium He atom After filling in the boxes in the Gizmo write the completed equation below

A nucleus of Th 231 undergoes beta decay Write the decay equation that explains this

In the beta decay of Bismuth 214 what daughter element is produced You may need to refer to the periodic table in the lesson 21Bie 214Pb 213Pb O 214Po 2154 Po 84

How many neutrons are in the radioactive isotopek 40 0 40 19 21 O 20 D

The nuclide 113In is known to be stable to nuclear decay processes The most likely decay process for 96In and 138In are respectively beta emission and beta emission beta emission and gammay emission alphaa emission and beta emission beta emission and beta emission

There are two naturally occurring isotopes of rubidium 85 Rb has a mass of 84 9118 u 87 Rb has a mass of 86 9092 u Determine the abundance of each isotope 85 Rb abundance

What are the differences between Nuclear Fission and Fusion?

"On July 16, 1945, a device that would result in rapid release of energy from a high-speed nuclear reaction was set up near Alamogordo, New Mexico, with nervous physicists watching from a safe distance. It worked perfectly; the explosion was tremendous. By that time Nazi Germany had been defeated, but Japan was still fighting. Two more devices were prepared. After a warning, one was exploded over the Japanese city of Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, and the other over Nagasaki 2 days later. The Japanese government surrendered and World War II came to an end." Which of the following is the domain-specific phrase for rapid release of energy from a high-speed nuclear reaction? Nuclear explosion Nuclear burst Nuclear discharge

How much of a 25.0g sample of C remains after 100,000 years? The half life of 14C6 is 5730 years.

Write balanced nuclear equations for the following: a. Alpha decay of Thorium-290 b. Beta decay of Radium-222

How many protons and neutrons does iridium-192 contain? protons: neutrons: Iridium-192 undergoes ß decay and then emits y radiation. Identify the stable daughter nuclide formed by the radioactive decay of iridium-192. daughter nuclide:

A certain shade of blue has a frequency of 7.19 x 10^14 Hz. What is the energy of exactly one photon of this light? Planck's constant is h = 6.626 x 10-34 J.s.

Bromine-88 is radioactive and has a half life of 16.3 seconds. Calculate the activity of a 2.5 mg sample of bromine-88. Give your answer in becquerels and in curies. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

Tin-129 is radioactive and has a half life of 2.23 minutes. Calculate the activity of a 7.7 mg sample of tin-129. Give your answer in becquerels and in curies. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

The half life for the radioactive decay of rubidium-87 to strontium-87 is 4.88 × 10¹0 years. Suppose nuclear chemical analysis shows that there is 0.223 mmol of strontium-87 for every 1.000 mmol of rubidium-87 in a certain sample of rock. Calculate the age of the rock. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.

A sample of 4.2 g of copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate is dissolved and made up to 500 cm³. A 50 cm³ portion is added to an excess of Kl. The iodine formed required 18 cm³ of a 0.0950 mol dm-3 solution of sodium thiosulphate for reduction. Identify the correct statement(s) (A) 1 Mole of Cu(II) consume 2 moles of Kl in the given procedure (B) Percentage of Cu in the given sample is 26% (approximately) (C) Mass of Cu in whole solution is 1.09 g (approximately) (D) Reaction of Cu²+ with Kl result into the formation of metallic copper and I