Chemical Bonding Questions and Answers
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingChoose the sentence that is capitalized correctly.
my uncle goes West each summer to visit his Sister.
My uncle goes west each summer to visit his sister.
My uncle goes West each summer to visit his sister.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingIn the periodic table, what is a period?
A period is the horizontal row of elements that share the same amount of electrons in the outermost shell.
A period is the vertical row of elements that share the same substance.
A period is horizontal columns of the same substance.
A period is a column that contains all neutrons
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingThe electron dot diagram for a neutral atom of chlorine (atomic number 17) is shown below. Which of the following symbols represents a chlorine ion with a stable arrangement of eight valence electrons?
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingA student attempted name the following compound: CF4- They answered that the name was "monocarbon tetrafluoride" but that is not correct. Explain in one sentence why their answer is wrong, and what the right answer is.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhich lists the elements in order from most conductive to least conductive?
potassium (K), selenium (Se), germanium (Ge)
germanium (Ge), potassium (K), selenium (Se)
selenium (Se), germanium (Ge), potassium (K)
potassium (K), germanium (Ge), selenium (Se)
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWrite the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs when aluminum metal is added to liquid bromine to produce
aluminum bromide. Phases are not graded.
balanced equation:
Write the balanced chemical equation for the oxidation of chromium in which chromium metal reacts with oxygen to produce
chromium(III) oxide. Phases are not graded.
balanced equation:
Physical Chemistry
Chemical Bonding0.250 mol of NaSO are added to enough water
to make 1.0 L of solution. A Ba(NO3)₂
solution is slowly added to this solution.
What precipitate will form first?
A. BaSO4
B. Na₂SO4
C. K,SO4
D. Na, CrO₂
E. BaCrO4
F. K₂CRO4
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingThe net ionic equation for the aqueous neutralization reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide is different from that for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Explain by writing balanced net ionic equations. (b) For a solution of acetic acid in water, list the major species in decreasing order of concentration.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhich compound has the strongest hydrogen bonding between its molecules?
1. HBr
2. HCI
3. HF
4. HI
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingA central atom is found to have one double bond, one single bond, and one non-bonding pair of electrons. What is the hybridization on the central atom?
Formatting your answer: While sp4d does not exist, if you wanted to enter it as your answer, you should just type sp4d. Do not use ^
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhat is the first thing you should do if you want to determine if a molecule is polar or not?
Determine its hybridization.
Draw the Lewis Structure.
Draw the dipole arrows.
Search for it on the internet.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingPart B
What is the net ionic equation of the reaction of MgSO4 with Ba(NO3)2?
Express you answer as a chemical equation including phases.
A chemical reaction does not occur for this question.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingA fellow chemistry student in another class is wondering what half-life is and some of the math behind it. Explain in one paragraph of less the concept of half-life. Include information such as the appearance of a half-life graph, as well as ways to calculate and use half-life. If half-lives and nuclear decay have a real-life application, include that in your answer as well.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWrite the molecular, total ionic, and net ionic equations on a piece of paper before
you try to answer this question.
Aqueous solutions of sodium sulfite and hydrobromic acid are mixed.
1. Name the initial two products formed using the double displacement method.
sodium
and
acid
3. What is the coefficient in front of hydrobromic acid in the balanced equation?
4. Name the spectator ions in the total ionic equation (one word per blank).
(cation) and
(anion)
5. Name the products in the net ionic equation:
(1) and
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingInterpret: The melting point and boiling point can be used to measure the strength of
intermolecular forces holding the molecules together. Based on the melting and boiling
points, which The weakest?
I think
Explain your conclusions:
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWill a solution of
LIIO be basic,
acidic, or neutral?
Select one answer.
A. basic
B. O acidic
C. O neutral
7 points
Use Ionization Constants of Common
Weak Acids and Ionization Constants of
Common Weak Bases as needed.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingDraw the Lewis structure of phosphate (PO4³) with minimized formal charges and
then determine the hybridization of the central atom.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingA hybrid orbital set is shown below. How many unhybridized p orbitals does it have?
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhich of the following molecules has a bond order of 1.5 according to molecular
orbital theory?
A) B₂
B) N₂
C) CN
D) NO
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingList the following atoms in order of increasing size (atomic radius): Ba, Mg, Sr.
A) Sr Ba Mg
B) Ba< Sr< Mg
C) Mg Sr < Ba
<
D) Mg < Ba < Sr
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingConsider the fourth period elements Ca, Mn, Co, Se, and Kr. Which of these
atoms are paramagnetic?
A) Ca, Mn, Co
B) Mn, Co, Kr
C) Ca, Kr, Se
D) Mn, Co, Se
E) Ca, Kr
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhat does it mean if an element has 8 valence electrons?
A. It has 8 protons.
B. It reacts vigorously.
C. It is in Group 8.
D. It has a full octet.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingIdentify the list in which the atoms are ordered by increasing Zeff for a valence electron calculated by the simple or approximate method?
A) P<S<Si<CI
B) Si<P<S<CI
C) CI<S<P<Si
D) S<CI<P<Si
E) Si<P<CI<S
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingNitrogen dioxide is one of the many oxides of nitrogen (often collectively called "NOX") that are of interest to atmospheric chemistry. It can react with itself to form another form of NOx, dinitrogen tetroxide. A chemical engineer studying this reaction fills a 50 L tank with 14. mol of nitrogen dioxide gas. When the mixture has come to equilibrium he determines that it contains 6.2 mol of nitrogen dioxide gas. The engineer then adds another 3.5 mol of nitrogen dioxide, and allows the mixture to come to equilibrium again. Calculate the moles of dinitrogen tetroxide after equilibrium is reached the second time. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhy does Ne have a smaller radius than F?
Ne has more mass than F making it larger.
The valence electrons in Ne feel a greater Zeff than those in F.
F has more protons in its nucleus than Ne.
Ne is further to the left on the periodic table than F.
Ne has its valence electrons in a higher energy level than F.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingCalculate the percent composition by mass of Ca(OH)2.
Calculate the molar mass of Ca(OH)2 = g/mol
% Ca
% O
% H
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingCalculate the empirical formula of a compound of tin (Sn) that contains 78.76 % Sn and 21.24 % O
by mass. Use values from the attached Periodic Table. These are the only values that will be
counted as correct. Give all values to the hundredths place.
Moles of Tin = mol Sn
Moles of O = mol O
Ratio of mol O/mol Sn = Give to one significant figure.
Empirical formula =
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingNotice that "PO4" appears in two different places in this chemical equation. PO3 is a polyatomic ion called phosphate.
What number should be placed in front of Na3PO4 to give the same total number of phosphate ions on each side of the equation?
?Na3PO4 + MgCl2-Mg3 (PO4)2 + NaCl
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingPlatinum forms a compound with chlorine that contains 42.1 % Cl by mass.
What is the % Pt?
Calculate the moles of Cl = mol Cl
Calculate the moles of Pt = mol Pt
Determine the empirical formula of the compound,
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingFor each of the following numbers of electrons, give the for- mula of a positive ion that would have that number of electrons, and write the complete electron configuration for each ion.
a. 10 electrons
b. 2 electrons
c. 18 electrons
d. 36 electrons
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingDraw the Lewis structure of acetonitrile (CH3CN) and then choose the appropriate pair of molecular geometries of the two central atoms. Your answer choice is independent of the orientation of your drawn structure.
Click to draw a new structure
A) tetrahedral / linear
B) trigonal planar / bent (120°)
C) trigonal/trigonal pyramidal
D) planar / tetrahedral
E) linear / pyramidal
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingCaffeine, a molecule found in coffee, tea, and certain soft drinks, contains C, H, O, and N. Combustion of 10.0 g of caffeine produces 18.13 g of CO2, 4.639 g of H₂O, and 2.885 g of N₂. Determine the molar mass of the compound if it is between 150 and 210 g/mol.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhich of the following bonds is the most polar?
A) P-S
B) C- CI
C) F - F
D) Rb - Br
E) All bonds have equal polarity.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingCalculate the effective nuclear charge on a valence electron in a sulfur atom.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingCalculate the molar mass of an element which has 12 protons from the following list of elements, their number of protons and neutrons and their amount which has isotopes with the following Atomic Mass and abundance: (10 points)
a. 22% of the element's isotopes have 12 protons and 11 neutrons
b. 26% of the element's isotopes have 12 protons and 13 neutrons
c. 34% of the element's isotopes have 14 protons and 12 neutrons
d. 52% of the element's isotopes have 12 protons and 14 neutrons
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingAnswer the following questions about the element Si and some of its compounds.
(a) The mass spectrum of a pure sample of Si is shown below.
(i) How many protons and how many neutrons are in the nucleus of an atom of the most abundant isotope of Si?
(ii) Write the ground-state electron configuration of Si.
Two compounds that contain Si are SiO2 and SiH4.
(b) At 161 K, SiH4 boils but SiO₂ remains as a solid. Using principles of interparticle forces, explain the difference in boiling points.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingCalculate the pH at 25 °C of a 0.57 M solution of lidocaine HC1 (C₁4H₂NONH₂C1). Note that lidocaine (C₁4H₂1NONH) Round your answer to 1 decimal place.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingThe treatment for iron-deficiency anemia can require an adult female to take a daily supplement of ferrous gluconate, C12H22FeO14, when her diet is not providing enough iron.
What is the molar mass of ferrous gluconate (C12H22FeO14)?
How many moles are in a supplement containing 37.0 mg C12H22FeO14?
Physical Chemistry
Chemical Bonding1. Ceviche is a classic Peruvian dish containing fish. The first step in making ceviche is to marinate (soak) the fish in lime juice for four (4) hours until the fish is "cooked". What has happened to the fish to make it appeared cooked?
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingIdentify whether each compound is covalent bond or ionic bond. a) Na2CO3 b) N20 c) KC2H302 [REMEMBER: IONIC BOND is metal and a non-metal AND COVALENT BOND is ALWAYS non-metal with a non- metal!!!] Think: Identify each element in the compound if each is metal then non-metal or non-metal then non-metal. Use the periodic table above or below.
a) ionic b) covalent c) ionic
a) covalent b) ionic c) ionic
a) covalent b) ionic c) covalent
a)ionic b) ionic c) covalent
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingSelect the properties of an acidic bond. Select ALL that apply, meaning more than one answer may be correct.
Low melting point.
Polar covalent bond.
H* (or H 30 *) ions are released in aqueous solutions.
Conducts electricity in aqueous solutions.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhat is the molarity of an aqueous solution that contains 0.0720 g C₂H6O₂ per gram of solution The density of the solution is 1.04 g/mL
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingNaturally occurring europium (Eu) consists of two isotopes was a mass of 151 and 153. Europium-151 has an abundance of 48.03% and Europium-153 has an abundance of 51.97%.
What is the atomic mass of europium (show work)?
What is the atomic mass of hafnium if, out of every 100 atoms, 5 have a mass of 176, 19 have a mass of 177, 27 have a mass of 178, 14 have a mass of 179, and 35 have a mass of 180.0 (show work)?
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingDetermine the molecular and empirical formulas for the substance shown in the ball-and-stick model below.
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhich of the following are true regarding effective
nuclear charge? (Choose all that apply)
Its magnitude is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus
It is the difference between the atomic number and the number of shielding
electrons
It tends to increase for a valence electron as one goes to the right on the
periodic table
It represents the amount of positive charge from the nucleus felt by an
electron
It increases with number of neutrons in the nucleus
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWater is the most common solvent in nature. The reason it is such a good
solvent is due to the fact that it is able to form what kind of bonds/interactions?
Polar covalent bonds
van der Waals interaction
Hydrogen bond
Non-polar covalent bonds
Electrostatic interactions
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWhen NaCl is added to water, it dissolves because?
CI+ ions are attracted to the 6 of the oxygen atom of water
Nations are attracted to the 8* of the oxygen atom of water
Nations are attracted to the 6 of the oxygen atom of water
CI+ ions are attracted to the 6 of the hydrogen atom of water
Na ions are attracted to the 8* of the oxygen atom of water
Physical Chemistry
Chemical BondingWrite 'true' or 'false' for each statement.
a. One mole of horses contains one mole of horse legs.
b. A mole of water has a mass of 18.0 g.
c. The mass of 1 molecule of water is 18.0 g.
d. A mole of NaCl(s) contains 2 moles of ions.