X-Rays Questions and Answers

A nucleus of mass number 220 initially at rest emits an a particle If the Q value of the reaction is 5 5 MeV the energy of the emitted a particle will be 1 4 8 MeV 2 5 4 MeV 3 7 5 MeV 4 6 8 MeV An open container has net 10 gm mass of a radioactive material The net mass in the container after two mean lives is approximately 1 1 35 gm 2 2 5 gm

15 The figure represents the observed intensit of X rays emitted by an X ray tube as function of wavelength The sharp peaks and B denote Intensity A B Wavelength a white radiations b characteristic radiations band spectrum 12 centinous spectrum

The antenna current produced by an unmodulated carrier is 2 7 A into n antenna with a resistance of 300 ohm When amplitude modulated the antenna burrent rises to 3 A What is the percentage of modulation 68 49 84 69 86 49

1 1 Which of the following wavelength is not possible for an X ray tube which is operated at 40 1 0 25 2 0 5 3 0 52 4 IA

For the structural analysis of crystals X rays are used because 1 X rays have wavelength of the order of the inter atomic spacing 2 X rays are highly penetrating radiations 3 Wavelength of X rays is of the order of nuclear size 4 X rays are coherent radiations

Q No 85 to 86 A crystal belongs to a face centered cubic lattice with four atoms in the unit cell The size of the crysta is 1 cm and its unit cell dimension is 1 nm is the scattering factor of the atom The number of atoms in the crystal is 4 a 2 10 1 c 2 x 1023 The structure factors for 010 and 200 reflections respectively are a 2f and zero b zero and 4f c 2f and 2f d zero and zero b 4 10 d 4 x 1024 2

The Ka wavelength of an element with atomic number z is X The ka wavelength of an element with atomic number 2z is A2z How are Az and A2z related ONO Az 4A2z A 4X22 Az 4X22

9 A p n photodiode is made of material with a band gap of 2 eV The minimum frequency of the radiation that can be absorbed by the material is nearly h 6 6 x 1034 the be 1 10 x 10 Hz 2 5 x 10 4 Hz 3 1 x 10 Hz 4 20 x 10 4 Hz

Q14 A beam of electrons of velocity 6 00 x 10 m s is made to strike a metal target in the Coolidge tube to produce x rays The minimum wavelength of the x ray is O A 0 121 nm O B 0242 nm c 0 024 nm D 0 012 nm

SolveLancer Test The photon concept was confirmed by Compton Experiment Consider statements about this experiment 1 This experiment showed that photon model applied only to UV light ii The collision between X ray photon and electron is Inelastic collision iii Compton effect is observable with Yellow light iv The scattered X ray photon has less frequency Select correct option SolveLancer Test a Both 1 and iii correct b Only ii correct c Only iv correct d Both ii and iv correct a Ob

In Davisson and Germer experiment for waw nature of electron if voltage between filament an that of anode is increased by five percent th new wavelength corresponding to electron a wave becomes 1 5 times 3 20 21 times 2 4 times 21 22 times

The mass difference between the pair of mirror nuclei C and B is given to be AMeV c According 6 17 17 9 to the semi empirical mass formula the mass difference between the pair of mirror nuclei F and O will approximately be rest mass of proton m 938 27 MeV c and rest mass of neutron m 939 57 MeV c n a 1 39 AMeV c b 30V 50 5 MeV c C AMCV d 1 6 A 0 78 MeV c LOC WEY

49 The difference in the coulomb energy between the mirror nuclei Cr and Mn is 6 MeV Assuming th the nuclei have a spherically symmetric charge distribution and that is approximately 1 0 MeV fim Fi the radius of the Mn nucleus 49 25 and hom of mding Rin

Intensity wavelength graph of x ray is shown in the figure If accelerating potential is increased then I 1 Question Type Single Correct Type 2 kt 3 d and d both will increase d and d both will decrease d increases and d2 remains unchanged de increases and d romains unchanged

There are two sources of light each emitting with power of 100 W One emits X rays of wavelength 1 nm and other visible light at 500 nm What is ratio of number of photons of X rays to photons of visible light of given wavelength O 200 300 400 500

Electrons of mass m with de Broglie wavelength A fall on the target in an X ray tube The cut off wavelength o of the emitted X ray is 1 Xo 2 Ao 2mc h NEET 2016 2h mc 3 Xo 4 Xo A 2m c x h

X ray are produced in Coolidge tube It consists of a thick glass bulb evacuated to about 10 cm of Hg so that no discharge can pass in it A cathode serves as source of electron is made up of tungsten filament heated by a low voltage current A cylindrical metal shield S surrounds the filament and S kept at negative potential with respect to the filament is focuses the electron emitted form the filament on the target T The target is mounted on the surface of a copper block fixed to the end of a copper rod The rod is fitted with fins for air cooling or cooled by circulating water A potential difference of about 20 000 V is applied across the tube to accelerate the electrons The accelerated electrons strike to the target and produces continuous and characteristic x rays 3 In the Coolidge tube experiment Platinum is used as target material for the emission of k series x ray The K L and M energy level of this element are 7 8 x 10 eV 1 2 x 10 eV and 3 x 10 eV respectively C 3 x 10 m s 1 eV 1 6 10 9 and h 6 23 10 4 J s The wavelength of ka lines will be A 0 188 A B 0 376 C 0 999 A D 0 25A

n electron beam having energy 2 eV incidents on a potential barrier having width 0x10 0 m and height 4 eV Calculate the transmission probability for the electron a 9 98 10 3 b 9 98 10 3 c 0 d 9 98 10

Assume that light of wavelength 600 nm is coming from a star The limit of resolution of telescope whose objective has a diameter of 2 m is 1 83 10 7 rad 7 32 x 10 7 rad 1 2 3 4 6 00 10 7 rad 3 66 10 7 rad R P 9 1 221 7 2x107

Q2 An X ray beam with wavelength 1 1 A is scattered at an angle of 90 from a Carbon block Find the a Compton shift Ak in the wavelength and b Kinetic energy of the recoiled electron electron rest mass ma 9 0 x 10 kg 3

The band structure of an electron in a one dimensional periodic potential is given by E k A 1 cos k and E k B Find the elective mass of the electron for each band for k0 Mention which branch could contribute to electrical conduction

Find the voltage in KV applied to an X ray tube with Nickel Z 28 as a target material if wavelength difference between the Ka line cut off wavelength of continuous X ray spectrum is equal to 84 pm here ionization energy of H atom 13 6 e v hc 12420 ev 15

What does it mean conceptually that light is coherent and monochromatic Explain the importance of both concepts for the existence of a laser beam Your answer Typed answers are easier for students to read than handwritten notes fx

1 Q6 Electrons of energy 900 MeV scatter inelastically off protons If an electron scattered through 30 is measured to have an energy of 234 MeV What was the mass of excited proton it created Step 1

In the waist the Gaussian beam Select one Oa exhibits the minimum width and the and the lowest radius of curvature O b has the minimum power exhibits the minimum width and the highest radius of curvature d None of the above

ALLEN Electron with energy 80 keV are incident on 21 tungsten target of an X ray tube K shell electrons of tungsten have ionization energy 72 5 KeV X rays emitted by the tube contain only 1 A continuous X ray spectrum with a minimum wavelength of 0 155A 2 A continuous X ray spectrum with all wavelengths 3 The characteristics X rays spectrum of tungsten 4 A continuous X ray spectrum with a minimum wavelength of 0 155A and the characteristics X ray spectrum of tungsten TI X 80 keV f Kad 2 3 4 Jeff X fa 1 0 55 X fa qui 7 72 5 KV 2 X enerforen X feur qui 0 155 X f X fa

X ray from a tube with a target A of atomic number Z shows strong K lines for target A and weak K lines for impurities The wavelength of Ka lines is for target A and X and for two impurities If Az 4 and Az 1 Screening 12 4 constant of Ka lines to be unity Select the correct statement s X Question Type Multiple Correct Type 1 The atomic number of first impurity is 2Z 1 2 The atomic number of first impurity is 2Z 1 The atomic number of second impurity is 3 2 1 2 4 The atomic number of second impurity is Z

p pl m v cmh 11 The recoil speed of a hydrogen atom after emits a photon in going from n 5 state t n 1 state will be 1 4 17 m s 3 3 25 m s 2 2 19 m s 4 4 34 m s

The potential difference applied to an X ray tube is 5kV a nd the current through it is 3 2 mA Then what is the num ber of electrons striking the target per second Does potential difference not play aby role here

The K line has a wavelength for an element with atomic number Z 19 The ato an element with has wavelength 2 4 for the Ka line is 10P Q Find the value of Q both P and Q are natural numbers and are less than 10

Consider the pure rotational spectrum of a diatomic rigid rotor The separation between two consecutive lines AV in the spectrum a is directly proportional to the moment of inertial of the rotor b in inversely proportional to the moment of inertia of the rotor c depends on the angular momentum d is directly proportional to the square of the interatomic separation

In an X ray tube heat is produced at the rate of 200 W If X ray tube is operated at 20 kV then current in the circuit is Assume that only small fraction of kinetic energy of electron is converted in X ray 1 mA 100 mA 10 mA

A Intensity of ka x rays is greater than that of kB B Magnitude of binding energy of K shell eis highest among K L M and shell electrons C Intensity of ka X rays is maximum because binding energy of ka shell is maximum D Intensity of ka x rays is less than that of kB

What percentage of ultrasound waves passing an interface between the first medium Z 1 9 x 106 kg m s to a second medium Z 1 6 x 10 kg m s will be reflected O 0 31 Ob 1 38 c 0 735 O d 0 073 Clear my choice

One particular wavelength 3 65 um has been found to be very effective in nerve welding The current method for transmitting a laser of this wavelength into the surgeon s hand relies on the articulated arm We would like your help in finding current suitable fiber optic materials other than those mentioned in class at this wavelength for increased maneuverability Why can regular glass not be used as fiber material show proof in this case Find at least one suitable fiber material that will work for this wavelength and find plot the transmission curve T vs for it

The K L and M energy levels of platinum lie roughly at 78 12 and 3 keV respectively The ratio of wavelength of Ka line to that of K line in X ray spectrum is 22 D

2 17 Which of the following is true for X rays 1 wavelength of continuous X rays does not depend on potential difference 2 wavelength of discrete X rays does not depend on potential difference 3 discrete X rays have energy of the order of MeV 4 continuous X rays have energy of the order of MeV

The breakdown in a reverse biased P N junction diode is more likely to occur due to 1 large velocity of the minority charge carriers if the doping level is small 3 2 large velocity of the minority charge carriers if the doping level is large 3 strong electric field in a depletion region if the doping level is small 4 None of these

An X rays tube operates at 20 kV A particular electron loses 5 of its kinetic energy to emit an X rays photon at the first collision The wavelength corresponding to this photon will I be 1 1 24 nm 2 2 24 nm 3 3 5 nm 4 zero

Choose the correct statement regarding X rays A The wavelength of X rays is of the order of 1 A B Frequency of characteristic X rays is more than that of continuous X rays C Wavelengths of characteristic X rays are independent of potential difference between filament and the target metal D Intensity of characteristic X rays is more than that of continuous X rays

27 An electromagnetic radiation has an energy 11 Kev To which region of electromagnetic spectrum does it belong use h 6 6 x 10 34 Js e 1 6 x 10 C 1 Infrared 3 X ray 2 Microwave 4 Y rays

SolveLancer Test Consider the glass sheet in the path of X rays When passes through this sheet X rays found with intensity reduced by 30 The value of absorption coefficient is Given In 1 428 356 SolveLancer Test X rays 6 mm Sheet of glass a Always less than unity b Less than 70 but more than 55 c Less than 20 d Always more than unity but less than 20

The potential difference applied between the filament and target in a Coolidge tube is 13 6 kV It is observed that the wavelength of Kocharacteristic X rays i three times the cut off wave length The atomic no of target element is A 22 D 79 B 45 C 62

Among the following statements the incorrect statement is Characteristics X rays of certain wavelength are produced when striking electron knockout an electron of target atom Minimum wavelength of continuous X rays O corresponds to maximum loss in kinetic energy of striking electron X rays consist of mixture of wavelengths ranges from Amin to infinity Characteristics frequency of X ray is linearly related with atomic number of target element

In an X ray experiment target is made up of copper Z 29 having some impurity The Ka line of copper have wavelength o It was observed that another Ka line due 784 to impurity have wavelength 62520 The atomic number of the impurity element is

In a Coolidge tube the atomic number of target material is 41 A potential difference of 20 kV is applied across the tube Let AK be Ka line produced by tube and Amin be cut off wavelength Calculate 1 in the order of 10 12 m AK Amin 2

0 In X ray tube when the accelerating voltage V is halved the difference between the wavelengths of Ka line and minimum wavelength of continuous X ray spectrum a remains constant b becomes more than two times c becomes half d becomes less than two times

What is the evidence that a large fraction of the matter in the universe is invisible Choose 4 DA Stars and clusters orbit the centers of their host galaxies faster than they would if only visible matter made up most the mass All galaxies on average show a redshift proportional to their distance Mass bends light and the amount of mass in a foreground cluster can be measured by the lensing effect it has on background light sources The CMB shows a dipole pattern Galaxy clusters emit copious X rays best explained by fast motion of gas particles under the influence of gravity much stronger than just the luminous matter can supply The amount of mass can be measured by assuming hydrostatic equilibrium Galaxies in clusters move much faster than can be explained by the gravity from the luminous matter only Measurements of distant type la supernovae show that they are dimmer than would be expected

17 In an LCR series circuit R 10 92 XL 8 2 and Xc 6 2 The total impedance of the circuit is 1 10 22 2 17 22 3 102 4 None of these

Yellow light is used in single slit diffraction experiment with slit width 0 6 mm If yellow light is replaced by X rays then the pattern will reveal O That the central maxima is narrower O No diffraction pattern