G.I Tract Questions and Answers
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractM Histology Digestive System Lab PAL Histology Digestive System Lab Practical Question 22 Identify the highlighted structure
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractHistology Digestive sys PAL Histology Digestive System Lab Practical Question 19 al Identify the highlighted structure
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I Tractloods Quiz littps www google Custon ons hese events in the order in which th
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractLamina propria Mucous neck cells Parietal cells Luminal surface Muscularis mucosae Chief cells MA Pearson
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractGreater curvature Lesser omentum Lesser curvature Greater omentum Rugae Fundus Cardia Pylorus Body Esophagus Pearson Diaphragm
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractDr Lorraine suspects a peptic ulcer This is an inflammatory lesion in the stomach or duodenal mucosa Create a table and compare similarities and contrast differences the histology of the stomach and the duodenum How does the histological structure affect the function
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractIt s Friday morning and Sal Volpe is sitting in Dr Lorraine s exam room dozing after another night of disrupted sleep When the doctor knocks and walks in she finds the 66 year old man looking exhausted and uncomfortable Sal gets to the reason for his visit immediately He s been suffering from stomach aches dyspepsia that wake him at night and nag him in between meals during the day He describes his pain as gnawing burning maybe a 4 out of 10 on a pain scale and points to the epigastric region of his abdomen When he eats he tells Dr Lorraine the pain goes away but then he feels bloated and a little nauseated The pain usually returns 2 4 hours later depending on what he eats Sal explains that he has had some pain relief from the over the counter drug Pepcid famotadine
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractBoth chemical and mechanical digestion start in the mouth and continue in the stomach True or False True False
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractPart A Which portion of the fibula articulates with the talus O head O medial malleolus O calcaneus O lateral malleolus
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractSam is a 54 year old man whose wife died recently Within the same year he was diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Six months following he was dismissed from work as a construction worker because he could keep up with demands of the job He had to sell his house and move to a different city Sam became socially isolated and lost his appetite If Sam were to take the Social Readjustment Rating Scale the score might indicate that he is at risk for developing O mental health problems O panic disorder O a personality disorder job burnout
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractJesse is diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder He acknowledges that he pulls his hair when he feels anxiety He sees his broken hairs when he looks in the mirror His psychologist who prefers habit reversal therapy has asked him to sta counting numbers from 100 in the reverse order whenever he felt an intense urge to act on the impulse to pull out his hair Which of the following comorbid disorders is being treated in this instance O body dysmorphic disorder O low self esteem trichotillomania O generalized anxiety disorder
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhy would requiring more than a simple majority in order to pass a aw be considered a weakness under the Articles of Confederation
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractDrag the appropriate labels to their respective targets Dens Transverse process Body Pedicle Superior articular facet Spinous process 1
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractExcitatory neurotransmitters encourage the generation of new electrical impulses by which one of the following O stimulating depolarization of presynaptic neurons O inhibiting postsynaptic neurons from repolarizing inhibiting presynaptic neurons from depolarizing stimulating depolarization of postsynaptic neurons stimulating saltatory conduction
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I Tract6 Explain how the earth s atmospheric greenhouse effect works 7 Give four examples of greenhouse gases that exist in the atmosphere
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractF Effectors Targets 1 Which type of muscle tissue is in the heart Hint What types 3 muscle tissue types Muscle tissue in the heart There are two types of myocardial cells in the heart o autorhythmic o contractile Autorhythmic cells set the heart rate without any control fro However sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons Effe chemical signals neurotransmitters that bind to receptor p autorhythmic cells Effectors Targets to increase or decre Response G Response 1 Predict the responses by typing if the responses increase 1 Response Sympathetic Parasy
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich of the following best describes how sperm cells are formed in plants meiosis occurs in pollen grains O meiosis occurs in anthers O mitosis occurs in the micropyle O mitosis occurs in male gametophyte Question 4 Which of the following occurs during the alternation of generations in plants fertilization produces spores O fertilization produces gametes
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractPart D Where is areolar connective tissue found in the body Select all that apply View Available Hint s O Underlying the epithelium of the esophagus Underlying the epithelium of the trachea O Deep regions of the dermis Capping the ends of bone O Underlying the epidermis
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractTobacco s Short Term and Long Term Effects In the following statements write whether the effect is a short term or long term effect of using tobacco Fill in the blanks with terms from your textbook to complete the statements Short Long Long 1 Tobacco use causes chemical changes to the 2 Smoking is the leading cause of lung 4 Smoking causes a dry hacking a symptom of 3 Tobacco stains the teeth and gums and increases the risk of gu Disease 6 Smoking dulls the 7 Smoking increases Brain allergies and bronchitis 8 Smoking increases the user s 5 Smoking is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease a disease o and 9 Smoking causes car whic such as asthma of the bladder and blood
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractLeft external iliac Lateral sacral Right internal iliac Right external iliac Internal pudendal Obturator Left internal iliac Abdominal aorta Superior gluteal Right common iliac Pelvis and right lower limb Pelvic muscles skin urinary and reproductive organs perineum gluteal region and medial thigh Hip muscles and joint H Ilium hip and thigh muscles hip joint and femoral head Left common iliac Pelvis and left lower limb Lateral rotators of hip rectum anus perineal muscles external genitalia Skip
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I Tract8 4 points The enteric plexus O contains sympathetic neurons and fibers controls movement and secretion of the digestive tract consists of the myenteric plexus and the celiac plexus O is found in the mucosa
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhat sphincter is the yellow arrow passing through on the image Chemical digestion of which type of macromolecule begins in the organ shown below How does the muscularis layer of the wall of the organ below differ from other organs in the c tract be specific compare the muscularis of this organ to other GI tract organs
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractAll of the following are functions of the large intestine EXCEPT O absorption of major nutrients O absorption of water O absorption of electrolytes ions O elimination of solid waste O production of vitamins by resident bacteria
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractDuring a medical mission, you are providing health care to individuals living in crowded, unsanitary conditions after a natural disaster. Patients report persistent fever, nausea and vomiting and you note jaundice during your physical examination.
Based on the information available, you should suspect
Hepatitis A
Portal hypertension
Cirrhosis
Hepatitis B
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractIn the cephalic phase of digestion, the
sight of food stimulates secretions in all
sections of the digestive tract except ____________ .
The large intestine
The mouth
The small intestine
The stomach
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractThe enzyme that begins protein digestion by converting large proteins into smaller polypeptides is:
a) Pepsin
b) Pepsinogen
c) Trypsin
d) Erepsin
e) Enterokinase
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractAmylase and starch are mixed and placed at 0°C. After the IKI test, the solution turns black. A Benedict's test yields a negative result. Was starch digested? How do you know?
No, the Benedict's test revealed no sugars in solution.
Yes, the starch test indicated that no starch remained, and the Benedict's test revealed the presence of sugars in solution.
Some was digested; the starch test showed some starch and the Benedict's test showed some sugars.
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich of the following statements about chemical digestion is false?
A. Pancreatic enzymes are produced by and stored in acinar cells.
B. Segmentation causes food to be mixed with digestive substances, such as enzymes.
C. Protein digestion starts in the stomach with pepsin.
D. Carboxylases perform chemical digestion of proteins.
E. Lipases perform chemical digestion of fats.
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractSierra experiences a nightmare where she is frightened and wakes up. She then begins to relax and falls back to sleep. What would occur in her gastrointestinal tract as she relaxes?
Sphincters in the digestive system would constrict
Noradrenaline would be produced from postganglionic neurons
Gut movement would be inhibited
Secretions in the small intestine would be increased
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I Tract_______________emulsify fats into smaller particles.
Maltase
Bile salts
Sucrase
Lactase
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractThe ___________ of the small intestine is/are similar to the ______
of the stomach.
pyloric sphincter; ileocecal valve
goblet cells; parietal cells.
villi; pyloric glands
intestinal crypts (Lieberkuhn); gastric pits
rugae; Peyer patches
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractChemical digestion breaks down ________into_____ .
proteins; nucleotides
nucleic acids; nucleotides
fatty acids; cholesterol
polysaccharides; amino acids
amino acids; proteins
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractAn organ that helps break down food but is not part of the tube through which the foods pass is referred to as a(n):
organ of mastication.
chemically digesting organ.
alimentary canal organ.
accessory digestive organ.
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractDiana has anorexia nervosa, restricting type. Which
of the following behaviors would you expect her to
have?
-Self-induced vomiting
-Cutting up her food into little pieces when she eats
-Normal menstrual periods
-Occasional bouts of overeating
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich is an example of a circumstance in which a person would be significantly overweight but still be in good health?
A. The weight was the result of a medication effectively managing a more serious problem.
B. Wright is one of the best indicators of health, so an overweight person cannot be considered healthy.
C. If the criteria for health did not include weight, then it would not matter if the person was overweight or not.
D.A person might be overweight, but their doctor does not want to encourage them to change any behaviors.
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich statement is incorrect regarding the use of histamine-receptor blockers (H2 blockers)?
H2 blockers block histamine which causes the chief cells to decrease the secretion of hydrochloric acid
Ranitidine and Famotidine are two types of histamine-receptor blocker medications
Antacids and H2 blockers should not be given together
All the statements are incorrect
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich of the following could decrease secretory activity of the stomach?
The thought of food
Smelling food
Distention of the stomach
Tasting food
Activation of the sympathetic nervous system
Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich of the following hormones causes secretion of pancreatic juice?
Insulin
Pepsin
Amylase
CCK
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhat type of motility that the esophagus uses?
Segmentation
Peristalsis
Reciprocal
Masstication
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractThe hormone Gastrin causes which of the following?
Peristalsis of the esophagus
Contraction of the ileocecal valve
Relaxation of the lower esphageal sphincter
Relaxation of the ileocecal valve
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich of the following should not be found in saliva?
Bile
Amylase
lons
Antimicrobial proteins
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich statement about acids is correct?
a. The greater the percentage of nitrogen, the stronger the acid
b. The greater the concentration of OH ions, the stronger the acid
C. The greater the concentration of H* ions, the stronger the acid
d. The greater the percentage of water, the weaker the acid
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractTyphoid is a food borne illness usually spread through:
formite
fecal-oral
vector
none of these
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhat are villi, and why are they important to the function of the small intestine?
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractIn the space provided, design an experiment to test the influence of pH on the digestive activity of salivary amylase.
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractGastric contents, usually acidic, are propelled into the duodenum by gastric peristalsis, yet duodenal contents are usually alkaline. Why?
Anatomy and Physiology
G.I TractWhich of the following characteristics apply to Salmonella serotypes?
they can cause skin infections
the causative agent is Shigella enteric
they can be transmitted by food
Shigella typhi causes typhoid