Endocrinology Questions and Answers
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyCushing's syndrome can be caused by excessive secretion of
adrenocorticotropic hormone
anti-diuretic hormone
luteinizing hormone
thyroid stimulating hormone
Anatomy and Physiology
Endocrinologydiabetes is also called insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus.
Gestational
Type-1
Type-2
Type-3
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyExcess production of insulin by a pancreatic tumor can ead to a condition called
hyperglycemia
hypoadrenia
hypoinsulinemia
hyperinsulinemia
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyGrowth hormone is secreted, as a response to growth,hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), by the
Opituitary gland
Othyroid gland
Opancreas
Oparathyroid gland
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following hormones is not produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary?
Prolactin
Growth hormone
Follicle stimulating hormone
Oxytocin
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following hormones is produced by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?
Antidiuretic hormone
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
Thyrotropin releasing hormone
Growth hormone
Anatomy and Physiology
Endocrinologyresults from hypoparathyroidism.
Goiter
Amenorrhea
Tetany
Myxedema
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyA tumor in the__can lead to hypersecretion of prolactin.
adrenal gland
pineal gland
pituitary gland
thymus
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyJonathan has a fasting blood glucose level of 130 mg/dL, and a plasma glucose level, two hours after a meal, of 210 mg/dL. Which of the following statements is true?
Jonathan is a diabetic.
Jonathan is considered to have an impaired glucose tolerance.
Jonathan is pre-diabetic.
Jonathan is not a diabetic.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following represents the main function of estrogen?
Triggers the formation of numerous oxytocin receptors.
Triggers the formation of prostaglandin receptors.
Triggers the formation of the placental receptors.
Triggers the formation of the amniotic receptors.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyBoth the nervous system and endocrine system help coordinate the body's responses to the external and internal environment as well as help with homeostasis. For each of the following scenarios listed below describe how the nervous and endocrine systems help handle the body's response. Try to be as specific as possible - for example, which parts of the nervous system gather the initial information and then help coordinate a response? Which parts of the endocrine system (glands, tropic and non-tropic hormones) help coordinate the response? Specifically, how does the body respond to meet the challenges presented (think of things like heart rate, adrenaline output, blood glucose levels, etc)?
Scenario 1: You just came home from your family's Thanksgiving celebration. Dinner was so good that you had 3 servings of food. Land
Scenario 2: While driving a cat runs out in front of you and you have to slam on the brakes to stop in time.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyAn increase in the secretion of PIH results in:
an increase in the secretion of OT
a decrease in the secretion of prolactin
a increase in the secretion of prolactin
an increase in the secretion of PRF
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologySecretion of insulin causes
a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose.
a decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose.
an increase in the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose.
an increase in the concentration of blood glucose.
none of the above.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyTreatment of type 2 diabetes usually includes
restricting dietary carbohydrates to those high in fiber.
exercising regularly.
maintaining desirable body weight.
drugs.
all of the above.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyOxytocin is administered to women to stimulate
uterine relaxation.
the resumption of the menstrual cycle.
less milk production.
uterine contractions.
ACTH production.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyAs a result of the general stress response, blood concentrations of epinephrine
fall and cortisol rise.
and cortisol rise.
and cortisol fall.
rise and cortisol fall.
none of the above.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following has the broadest range of target organs:
FSH
ADH
TSH
HGH
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyBlood glucose is raised by all of the following except:
A. cortisol
B. glucagon
C. epinephrine
D. insulin
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyThe stimulus for the release of PTH:
A. nerve impulses from the hypothalmus
B. calcitonin
C. high levels of calcium in blood
D. low levels of calcium in blood
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyOxytocin release is stimulated by
A. increased blood osmolality.
B. increased urine output.
C. a hypothalamic-releasing hormone.
D. increased blood pressure.
E. nursing a baby.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhat condition is associated with hyposecretion of insulin?
A. diabetes mellitus
B. Type I diabetes
C. insulin-dependent diabetes
D. all of the above are correct
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyRemoval of the anterior pituitary would affect the functioning of the
A. pancreas isles of Langerhans in the pancreas.
B. kidney.
C. parathyroid gland.
D. thyroid gland.
E. adrenal medulla.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyThe glucocorticoids
A. decrease synthesis of glycogen.
B. stimulate glucose synthesis.
C. supplement the sex hormones from the gonads.
D. stimulate glycogenolysis.
E. increase the inflammatory response.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyOrgans that respond to particular hormones through specific protein receptor binding are referred to as
A. targets
B. non-steroids
C. steroids
D. amines
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyThe substance that acts as a second messenger is:
A. ATP
B. adenylate cyclase
C. releasing hormones
D. CAMP
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyIncreasing the uptake of iodide by the thyroid gland and increasing the growth of the thyroid gland at two functions of:
TSH
TRH
thyroglobulin
T3
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyIn which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
a: Primary plexus
b: Secondary plexus
c: Hypophyseal portal veins
b-a-c
c-a-b
a-b-c
a-c-b
c-b-a
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyA patient with normal sensory function has trouble initiating the appropriate motor response to painful stimuli this is most suggestive of a problem with/in the patient's
All of the above
Nociceptors
Corticospinal tract
Spinothalamic tract
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhat will happen if glucose level goes above 200 mg/100 ml)?
It triggers glycogenolysis.
It triggers positive feedback mechanism.
It triggers reflex arc.
It triggers negative feedback mechanism.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologySymptoms of the fight-or-flight reaction include all of these EXCEPT
increased blood pressure.
hunger.
pounding heart.
pupillary dilation.
sweating.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyFrom the selections presented, what feature is shared by the left upper limb, left lower limb, right lower limb, and left side of the head and neck?
Lymphatic fluid is drained by the vena cavae.
Lymphatic fluid is drained by the thoracic duct.
Lymphatic fluid is drained is drained by lymph ducts.
Lymphatic fluid is drained by the right lymphatic duct.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyMetastasis is the spread of cancer to new tissues/regions within the body. Using breast cancer as an example, explain how the lymphatic system could facilitate metastasis. For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac).
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following is NOT a regulatory function of the endocrine system?
a. Regulates water balance by controlling the solute concentration of the blood.
b. Regulates skeletal muscle contraction strength.
c. Regulates satiation and the breakdown of food into individual nutrients.
d. Regulates the rate of metabolism.
e. Regulates the levels of nutrients such as glucose in the blood.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion will increase when
a. blood osmolality increases.
b. blood pressure increases.
c. blood volume increases.
d. blood pressure decreases.
e. Both blood osmolality increases and blood pressure decreases are correct.
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following would NOT affect blood glucose levels?
a. fat content of a meal
b. gastrointestinal hormones
c. breakdown of glycogen
d. autonomic nervous system
e. protein content of a meal
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWrite the name of the endocrine gland that secretes each hormone.
1. ANP
2. ACTH
3. ADH
4. Aldosterone
5. Androgens
6. Calcitonin
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyHow does the NLRB review an unfair labor practice charge of surface bargaining?
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following is INCORRECTLY matched with its secreting organ?
TSH - posterior pituitary
triiodothyronine - thyroid gland
TRH - hypothalamus
thyroxine - thyroid gland
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyGlucose is stored in the human body as
glucagon
plant starch
glycogen
insulin
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich hormone stimulates the breakdown of polymerized glucose?
insulin
plant starch
glucagon
glycogen
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyThyroxine is a
slow-acting hormone that enters the nucleus
hormone that enters the nucleus
hormone that works through a second-messenger system
slow-acting hormone
slow-acting hormone that works through a second-messenger system
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyA decrease in the level of thyroxine would increase the secretion of
TRH
TSH
both TSH and TRH
neither TSH nor TRH
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyExcess glucose can be found in the urine
as a result of type 2 diabetes
when the transport maximum for reabsorption in the kidney tubules is exceeded
as a result of type 1 diabetes
when the transport maximum for reabsorption in the kidney tubules is exceeded, as a result of type 1 diabetes or as a result of type 2 diabetes
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyInhibiting osteoclast activity would prevent
osteoporosis
ovariectomy
osteopenia
osteopenia and osteoporosis
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyPeptide hormones include which of the following?
calcitonin
estrogen
follicle-stimulating hormone
follicle-stimulating hormone and estrogen
follicle-stimulating hormone and calcitonin
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyTropic hormones include which of the following?
CRH
cortisol
ACTH
both ACTH and CRH
cortisol, ACTH and CRH
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyWhich of the following is NOT characterized by high levels of cortisol in the blood?
Addison's disease
Cushing's disease
iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome
Cushing's syndrome
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyThe relationship between "sluggish" behavior and low metabolic rate is a correlation. What does that mean?
Anatomy and Physiology
EndocrinologyConsolidate your learning: Genomic analysis in the giant panda show that there is a mutation in a gene required for the synthesis of T3 and T4. Thinking about how feedback control works, what might you predict for the levels of TSH in giant pandas?