nucleotides Each word in the sentence is like a codon that

Last updated: 4/12/2023

nucleotides Each word in the sentence is like a codon that codes for an amino acid and the entire sentence is like the gene sequence We will use the following sentence to illustrate how various changes to this sentence alter its meaning Original sentence Mutations Insertion FAT was added inserted ATE was deleted Deletion Substitution mutation IT was substituted with in CAR As seen in the examples above small changes in the letters or words can affect the meaning of the sentence In the same way small changes in the nucleotide sequence of a gene can change the amino acid sequence in a protein These changes can affect how protein functions THE CAT ATE THE RAT Deletion frameshift Insertion frameshift THE FAT CAT ATE THE RAT THE CAT THE RAT THE CAR ATE THE RAT The way in which the gene is read as triplets of nucleotides codons is called a reading frame Changes in the nucleotide sequence can affect how this frame is read Specifically a change in one or two nucleotides can result in a shift in how the frame is read frame shift mutation This can greatly affect the synthesis of a protein and thus the structure and function of the protein Please see the examples below THE CTA TET HER AT THE CAT TAT ETH ERA A was deleted from CAT was added inserted before ATE 13 Which type of mutation described above would have the most impact Why 14 Which type of cells in our body would have a high mutation rate and why