In early experiments on RNA interference it was discovered that a 20 to 25 nucleotide long single stranded RNA ssRNA whether

Question

In early experiments on RNA interference it was discovered that a 20 to 25 nucleotide long single stranded RNA ssRNA whether sense or anti sense meaning matching the sequence of the mRNA or a complementary sequence to the mRNA injected into cells did not work particularly well in gene silencing Instead it was shown that a 20 25bp double stranded RNA dsRNA that was made up of the sense and anti sense strand base paired together was very effective at silencing the mRNA it matched Moreover it was shown that only a small amount of that dsRNA was required to silence a large number of target mRNAs These are interesting observations given that RISC only uses a single stranded piece of RNA siRNA or miRNA in gene silencing and does so by binding in a 1 1 ratio of RNA guide to mRNA Provide an explanation for each of these observations based on what you know about how cells work and the mechanism of RNA interference

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