General Questions and Answers

Which of the following breaks down a compound into simpler substances? Synthesis reaction Addition reaction Combination reaction Decomposition reaction

A supersaturated solution is formed when a solution is holding more solute than it would normally hold at that temperature. How can you make a supersaturated solution of a solute?

Many claims are made about which foods are the best for us to eat. What are some characteristics you can look for to distinguish valid scientific evidence from a claim without such evidence?

Rank the following bonds from the strongest to the weakest. Make 1 the strongest and 6 the weakest. Van der Waal Forces Ionic Bonds Single Covalent Bonds Double Covalent Bonds Hydrogen Bonds Triple Covalent Bonds

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Are the following Ionic, Nonpolar Covalent, Polar Covalent, or Metallic? a. Bonds by evenly sharing electrons Bonds by transferring electrons b. c. Bonds by unevenly sharing electrons d. Dissolves in water, conducts when dissolves, high melting point. Doesn't dissolve in water, conducts in the solid state, malleable, ductile, lustrous. f. Doesn't dissolve in water, doesn't conduct, low melting points. g. Dissolves in water, doesn't conduct current. Metal bonded to a nonmetal h. i. j. Nonmetal bonded to a nonmetal Metal atoms bonded to metal atoms.

Fill in the blanks: _CaCO3 ---> _Ca+ _CO2 1,1,1 1,2,1 1,2,2 2,2,2

If a person has 97mol of K2O, what mass, in grams, of K₂O do they have? Round to two decimal places.

A person combines 9g of A with some reactant B to form 28g of C and 8g of D according to the reaction below. Assuming the reactants were completely used up, what mass of reactant B was reacted? A+B-->C+D

If we have added the maximum amount of solute to be dissolved in a solvent at a particular temperature, what type of solution have we made?

A person mixes 1mol of magnesium metal with 1.5mol of hydrochloric acid (HCI). The reaction below occurs. What is the limiting reactant for the reaction? Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) --> MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) Magnesium There is no limiting reactant here. Hydrochloric Acid (HCI) Magnesium Chloride Hydrogen Gas

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Know how to write the names and formulas for ionic and covalent compounds. While there are NO specific naming questions - you will see names when completing reactions. a. Write the names for the following compounds: i. S406 iii. KOH ii. Fe3(PO4)2 iv. CO b. Write the formulas for the following compounds: i. nitrogen ii. potassium fluoride iii. Lithium sulfite Which 3 elements are "special"? What makes them special and what are their charges? iv. cesium hypochlorite v. Tricarbon octahydride vi. Iron (II) oxide

In one of the reactions in the citric acid cycle, which provides energy, succinic acid is converted to fumaric acid. C4H6O4 → C4H4O4 + 2H Succinic acid Fumaric acid The reaction is accompanied by a coenzyme, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). FAD+2H --> FADH₂ a. Is succinic acid oxidized or reduced? b. Is FAD oxidized or reduced? c. Why would the two reactions occur together?

The chemical property of an acid is its __ boiling point melting point density reactivity

Classify each of the following as exothermic or endothermic: a. The energy level of the products is lower than that of the reactants. b. In the body, the synthesis of proteins requires energy. c. A reaction absorbs 125 kJ.

Calculate the molar mass for each of the following: a. 02 b. KH₂PO4 c. Fe(ClO4)3

Which of the following mole ratio corresponds to the mole ratio of calcium to calcium chloride for the reaction 2Ca(s)+ 2Cl₂ (g) → 2CaCl₂(s)? 2:1 1:2 1:1 4:1

For Nitrogen Trifluoride: -Draw its structure (including labeling any partial charges if present) -What Shape is the Molecule? - Are the individual bonds Polar or Nonpolar? -Is the molecule as a whole Polar or Nonpolar?

Which two things affect how a lens refracts light? A. The location of the image B. The curvature of the two sides of the lens c. The material the lens is made from D. The material the object is made from

.How many iodide ions do you think might be bonded to each lead ion in lead iodide? (Give the reason for your answer, if you can.)

In the equation aCH4 + bO2---> CCO₂ +dH₂O, which of the following corresponds to a, b, c, and d, respectively, to make the equation balanced?. 1, 2, 1, 2 2, 1, 1, 2 2, 2, 1, 1 1, 1, 2, 2

What happens when milk is converted into curd? The quantity of curd and whey produced is greater in comparison to the milk. The quantity of curd and whey produced is less in comparison to the milk. The quantity of curd and whey produced is same as the quantity of the milk. None of the choices

An engineer turns the temperature of a gas down, holding the volume constant at 1,250 L. Initially, the temperature of the gas was 601.°C and had a pressure of 274. kPa. Determine the pressure of the gas when the temperature decreased to 157°C.

Which of the following coefficients will balance the equation NaN3 (s) Na(s) + N₂ (g), respectively? 1, 1,3 1,2,3 1, 3, 2 2, 2, 3

1.) PC15(s)+H2O(1) POCI3(1)+2HCl(aq) When 53.22 g of phosphorus pentachloride reacts with excess water, what mass of hydrogen chloride will be produced? 2.) Determine the molarity of a solution with a volume of 758. mL and 0.620 mol of solute dissolved.

Identify the correct statement from the following. Stirring increases the rate of dissolution. Pressure is only applicable for solid solutes. Any solute can be dissolved in any solvent. solute dissolves solvent to form a solution.

Use LeChatelier's Principle to answer the following set of questions: 2NO(g) + O2(g) << 2NO2(g) + heat a. For the reaction shown above, what would happen to the concentration of reactants if pressure were increased on the system? b. If the NO₂ is increased, how will the equilibrium be affected? What will happen to the concentration of the oxygen gas?

Write the names for the following compounds: i. S406 ii. Fe3(PO4)2 iii. KOH iv. CO

Pick the odd one out. HCI (aq) + NaOH (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H₂O (1) HCI (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → NaCl (aq) + 2 H2O (I) HCI (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + H2O (I) 2 HCI (aq) + NaOH (aq) → NaCl (aq) + 2 H2O (I)

Which of the following equations best describes the law of conservation of mass? KCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq) H₂ (g) + O₂ (g)→ H₂O₂ (g) H₂O₂ (g)→ H₂O(g) + O₂(g) KCl(aq) + Ag₂NO3 (aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)

Identify the molecule containing the least oxygen atoms. 12.044 x 1023 molecules of CO₂. 12 g of 03. 0.1 mol of V₂05. 10 mL of H₂O.

For a Nitrogen Molecule -Draw its structure (including labeling any partial charges if present) -What Shape is the Molecule? -Are the individual bonds Polar or Nonpolar? -Is the molecule as a whole Polar or Nonpolar? -

Explain why Gasoline (C8H18) evaporates so easily from an intermolecular force point of view.

For Boron Trichloride: -Draw its structure (including labeling any partial charges if present) - What Shape is the Molecule? - Are the individual bonds Polar or Nonpolar? -Is the molecule as a whole Polar or Nonpolar?

Consider the following observed reactivity information. Rank the elements based on their strength as reducing agents (i.e. strongest to weakest reducing agent). Explain your thinking. (4 marks) Sn + 2AgBr➜ SnBr2 + 2Ag 3Sn + 2AuBr3 → 3SnBr2 + 2Au 3Ag + AuBr3 → 3AgBr + Au

26. How much energy is absorbed when 129 g 2-propanol (structure shown) is vaporized at its normal boiling point of 82.3°C? The AHvap of 2-propanol is 39.9 kJ/mol at 82.3 °C and its structure is shown here. a. 85.6 kJ b. 5,150 kJ c. 85.649 kJ/mol d. 5.15 x 103 kJ HHH ||| H-C-C-C-H | | :0: H T H | H

4K(s) + O2(g) →→→ 2 K₂0(s) If a staff member at a laboratory has 12.0 grams of potassium metal, what is the theoretical yield of potassium oxide that the scientist could potentially produce from the reaction with oxygen gas? A) 9.96 grams of K₂0 B) 14.5 grams of K₂0 C) 28.9 grams of K₂O D) 57.8 grams of K₂0

The reaction of charcoal (carbon) and oxygen is sped up by grinding the charcoal into a fine powder. This is an example of: O Increasing temperature to increase reaction rate O Increasing concentration to increase reaction rate increasing surface area to increase reaction rate O All of the above

The half-life of krypton-91 (Kr) is 10 s. At time t= 0 a heavy canister contains 4 g of this radioactive gas. (a) Find a function m(t) = m 2-t/h that models the amount of 91Kr remaining in the canister after t seconds. m(t) = 1 (2) 10 (b) Find a function m(t) = moet that models the amount of 91Kr remaining in the canister after t seconds. (Round your r value to five decimal places.) m(t) = (c) How much 91Kr remains after 1 min? (Round your answer to three decimal places.) ► (d) After how long will the amount of 91Kr remaining be reduced to 1 µg (1 microgram, or 10 -6 g)? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number.) sec

7. If 76.1 grams of NaCl are dissolved in 34.0 mL of Sulfuric acid (sulfuric acid has Sa density of 1.84 gram per mL), calculate the following concentration measures. (3 points for a and b, 4 points for c 10 points total) a. Weight/volume percent b. Weight/weight percent c. Molarity

+6-6-6 ons: Complete the following reactions that are happening in water. Make sure to tell the states of matter for all compounds involved. If the reaction is not possible state that. 3. 4. 5. 5. 3. HCI + Na Pb(NO3)2 + KOH _AI(NO3)3 + Zn NaOH + K₂S LiC2H302 + NaCl -

Radish extract indicator turns to a bright red color in low pH solutions and mustard-yellow in solutions with a high pH value. If a teacher places this radish extract indicator in a NaOH water solution, which of the following accurately explains what will happen? The indicator will not turn colors because there is an equal ne The indicator will turn bright red becau Gure H" than OH ions, and the solution is acidic. The indicator will turn bright because there are more H* ions than Na* ions dissolved in water, and the solution is acidic The indicator will turn mustard-yellow because there are more OH than H* ions, and the solution is basic. A B C D Na and OHT ions dissolved in water, and the solution is neutral.

A student places 200.0 g of water at 49.70°C in a calorimeter. The student then adds 200.0 g of water at 3.20°C to the calorimeter. The temperature after mixing was 28.50°C. What is the value of the calorimeter constant?

A 1.628g sample of a hydrate of Magnesium iodide (Mgl₂ xH2O) was heated strongly for five minutes. The mass of the anhydrous left had a mass of 0.712g. It was then heated for a further 3 minutes and the mass remained at 0.712g. a. Find the mass of water driven off (1 mark) b. Find the moles of anhydrous magnesium iodide and moles of water (3 marks) c. Find the name and formula of the hydrate (2 marks) d. Why was the compound heated twice? (1 mark)

A scientist repeats the Millikan oil drop experiment in a different galaxy and the charge on the drops is measured in a unit called the electrino (el). The scientist obtains data for four drops. Drop A B Calculated charge (el) 5.52 x 10-14 el 2.30 x 10-14 el 3.22 × 10-14 el 3.68 x 10-14 el Given the results of the scientist's experiment, determine the charge on an electron in electrinos. C D electron charge: Table Given that the charge on an electron is 1.60 x 10-19 C, determine the conversion factor between electrinos and coulombs. IC= el el

Use the solubility interactive to determine whether a precipitate forms or not when the mystery solution is added to each solution in the table. Incorrect KI O K₂SO4 KOH Solution Pb(NO3)2 Ni(NO3)2 Ba(NO3)2 The mystery solution is K₂S K₂CO, precipitate is formed Answer Bank Result no precipitate is formed precipitate is formed no precipitate is formed no precipitate is formed

A scientist is investigating the solubility of two polyatomic ions, oxalate (C₂02) and arsenate (ASO), which are not listed in the table of solubility guidelines. The scientist starts with four solutions made of water-soluble salts. Solution A contains sodium arsenate. Solution B contains ammonium oxalate. Soution C contains silver chlorate. Solution D contains aluminum bromide. Solute Color of Solution Na, AsO4 colorless (NH,),C,O. colorless colorless AgCIO, AlBr yellow The results of mixing each solution in pairs are shown in the table. Experiment Solutions Mixed 1 A + B 2 A+C 3 A+D B+C B+D C+D Solution A B C D 4 5 6 Identify the formula for each precipitate that forms. precipitate from A+C: precipitate from B+C: 2 Incorrect precipitate from C+D: 4 Incorrect 6 Result no precipitate, colorless solution brown precipitate white precipitate white precipitate white precipitate yellow precipitate Incorrect precipitate from A+D: precipitate from B+D: 3 Incorrect 15 Incorrect

Type the correct answer in each box. Scientists often have to deal with numbers that are either very large or very small. For example, the radius of the Sun Is approximately 696,000 kilometers, while bacterial cells are as small as 1.9 x 104 millimeters. Express each number in an alternate form. In scientific notation, the radius of the Sun is In expanded notation, each bacterial cell is 6.96 x 10. 5 kilometers. millimeters wide.

Assume there is an equal mass of each gas at a given temperature and pressure. Arrange the gases based on the amount of volume they occupy, from the largest to the smallest volume. H₂ SO₂ 0₂ X Largest volume Ne Smallest volume Answer Bank