Solid state Questions and Answers

Select the class of solids to which brass belongs O Molecular O Network Olonic Metallic

11 What is radioactivity 12 What is half life 13 If we start with 400 atoms of a radioactive substance how many would remain after one half life after two half lives after four half lives after three half lives 14 A paleontologist discovered fossil remains of ancestral mammal and in order to have basis of comparison to other ancestral mammals he needed the age of the fossil The carbon 14 analysis indicates that only half of the original amount is present How old is this fossil 15 The half life of hydrogen 3 is 12 3 years Given 100 g of hydrogen 3 how many grams will be left after 5 half lives 16 A patient is administered 20 mg of iodine 131 How much of this isotope will remain in the body after 40 days if the half life for iodine 131 is 8 days 17 The mass of cobalt 60 in a sample is found to have decreased from 0 8 g to 0 2 g in a period of 10 5 years From this info calculate the half life of cobalt 60 18 The three most common states of matter are 19 The kinetic theory states that the higher the temperature the faster slower the particles that make up a substance move 20 As a sample of matter is cooled its particles move more slowly quickly 21 The particles that make up a solid move 22 Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a 23 Matter that has a definite volume and a definite shape is a 24 If you move a substance from one container to another and its volume changes the substance is a than do the particles that makes up a gas Melting and Boiling Points of Some Substances Substance Melting Point Boiling Point Hydrogen 259 3 C 252 9 C Nitrogen 210 0 C 195 8 C Acetic Acid 16 6 C 117 9 C Gold 1064 2 C Substance B Substance A 25 In the above picture which substance is a liquid 26 In the above picture which substance is a solid 27 In the above picture which substance is a gas 28 In the above picture which substance are the forces of attraction among the particles so weak that they can be ignored under ordinary conditions Substance C 2856 C the table above the melting point of acetic acid is

Iron sulfide has a _ melting and boiling points. fixed variable fixed and variable, respectively fixed or variable

Which of the following is an example of a solid? Iron rod Ice Diamond All of the choices

What are the typical properties of substances held together with ionic bonds, such as NCCI? they have high melting points when dissoved in water, ionic compounds conduct electricity they have low melting points they do NOT conduct heat nor electricity when in solution they do not dissolve in water they form crystals they dissolve in water (dissolve means ions can break away from the crystal and move freely within the solution) they form amorphous solids

Nitrogen has two isotopes. One has an atomic mass of 14.003 amu and a relative abundance of 99.63% while the other isotope has an atomic mass of 15.000 amu and a relative abundance of 0.37%. What is the average atomic mass for nitrogen? a. 14.993 amu b. 14.778 amu c. 14.007 amu d. 14.456 amu

The atomic radius of metal X is 1.30 x 102 picometers (pm) and a crystal of metal X has a unit cell that is face-centered cubic. Calculate the density of metal X (atomic weight = 42.3 g/mol).

5) A gas sample occupies 3.50 liters of volume at 20. °C. What volume will this gas occupy at 100°C (reported to three significant figures)? A) 0.224 L B) 2.75 L C) 4.46 L D) 17.5 L E) none of the above

Choose the sentence that is capitalized correctly. The meaning of Stonehenge was first discussed around 1139 in the book History of the Kings of Britain. The meaning of stonehenge was first discussed around 1139 in the book "History of the Kings of Britain." The meaning of Stonehenge was first discussed around 1139 in the book "History of the kings of britain."

Identify the definition for each of the terms. coordination number: unit cell: crystalline solid: Answer Bank the smallest dimensions of a crystal that can be measured with a microscope the number of atoms (or ions) bordering a cavity (or interstice) in a crystal lattice a solid that lacks a regular, three-dimensional arrangement of atoms (e.g., glass) the basic repeating structural unit of a crystalline solid a solid that possesses long-range order (e.g., table salt) the number of atoms (or ions) surrounding an atom (or ion) in a crystal lattice

Germanium is doped with 5 x 1015 donor atoms per cm³ at T = 300 K. The dimen- sions of the Hall device are d = 5 x 10³ cm, W = 2 x 102 cm, and L = 10-¹ 10¹ cm. The current is I, = 250 μA, the applied voltage is V, = 100 mV, and the magnetic flux density is B₂ = 500 gauss = 5 x 10-2 tesla. Calculate: (a) the Hall voltage, (b) the Hall field, and (c) the carrier mobility.

A student thinks that 1s³ is the electron configuration for lithium. They also thinks that 1s4 is the electron configuration for beryllium. Write a brief note to the student that explains why they are incorrect.

The reaction of rubidium with iodine is similar to that of sodium with iodine. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of rubidium with iodine. Include phase symbols. chemical equation:

Imagine you are handed a mineral sample. It breaks with a conchoidal fracture but displays no cleavage. It does not react with hydrochloric acid, is a light pink color, and has a nonmetallic luster. It is harder than a streak plate, and has a specific gravity of 2.65. What mineral is it? quartz potassium feldspar olivine calcite

Which phrase describes radioactive decay? the splitting of a large nucleus into smaller nuclei the spontaneous emission of radiation the joining of small nuclei into a larger nucleus the triggering of one reaction by the products of another

Copper crystallizes in the body-centered cubic unit cell with an edge length 390 pm. What is he density of Copper in g/cm3? (atomic weight of copper = 63.45 amu) A. 3.56 g/cm³ B. 3.90 g/cm³ C. 1.78 g/cm³ D.4.65 g/cm³ E. 7.12 g/cm³

When silicon is doped with antimony, antimony contributes __ lons holes free electrons charges

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the solid state? particles are moving very fast has a definite shape particles are in fixed positions has a definite volume particles are close together

Using your examples, compare solids, liquids, and gases in terms of the following characteristics: structure, compressibility, shape, and volume. (4 points) Imagine that you have a sample of each material in front of you that you can examine, and then describe how one characteristic compares across all three samples.

Identify the following statements as applying to ionic (I) or covalent (C) bonds and their resulting compounds(opt). a. When this bond forms electrons are shared between atoms. ___ b. The formation of this bond results in charged particles. ___ c. Compounds have very high melting points and boiling points. ___ d.Compounds do not conduct electricity in any form. ____ e. Forms between two or more non-metals. __ f. Frequently dissociate in water.__

How do colloids differ from suspensions? A colloid particle is crystalline, while a suspension particle is amorphous. A colloid particle is smaller than the ones found in suspensions. A colloid particle is amorphous, while a suspension particle is crystalline. A colloid particle is bigger than the ones found in suspensions.

What is the smallest portion of a crystal which when repeated in different directions generates the entire crystal? A. lattice point B. crystal lattice C. unit cell D. interstitial site

Which of the following statements is the best reason for why sodium chloride is a crystal? A. It is made of ions. B. lons are strongly attracted to each other. C. Electrons are freely moving. D. lons are in a repeating pattern.

Using the following data, estimate AHf° (in kJ/mol) for potassium chloride: K(s) + ½ Cl₂(g) → KCI(s). Lattice energy of Ko lonization energy of K Electron affinity of Cl Bond dissociation energy of Cl₂ Enthalpy of sublimation for K -690 kJ/mol 419 kJ/mol -349 kJ/mol 239 kJ/mol 90 kJ/mol

A piece of metal has a volume of 8.59 x 103 cm³. The density of the metal is 2.98 g/cm³. What is the mass of the metal, in mg?

If the density of tin is 7.26 g/cm³, what is the thickness of a piece of tin foil that measures 5.00 cm by 5.00 cm and has a mass of 2.722 g?

A first-order (n = 1) reflection from the plane of a cubic crystal was observed at a glancing angle of 11.2° when Cu Ka X-rays (λ = 154 pm) were used. What is the interatomic distance between the atoms in the unit cell in pm?

A manufacturing company is trying to produce a lightweight but strong cart for use by home gardeners. Explain which metal titanium (Ti), iron (Fe), or zinc (Zn)-would be the best for this application and why?

A certain metal M crystallizes in a lattice described by a face-centered cubic (fcc) unit cell. The lattice constant a has been measured by X-ray crystallography to be 563. pm, Calculate the radius of an atom of M. Be sure your answer has 3 significant digits, and be sure it has the correct unit symbol.

Three quantum numbers are derived from Schrodinger's equation that describe the probability of finding an electron around a nucleus: the principal quantum number, the angular momentum quantum number, and the magnetic quantum number. Explain each quantum number, including associated shapes, numbers, letters, and values.

Silver ß is a solid phase of silver still unknown to science. The only difference between it and ordinary silver is that Silver ß forms a crystal with a bcc unit cell and a lattice constant a=0.334 nm. Calculate the density of Silver ß. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.

The distance between the red and green balls at the corners of this cube is 0.36 nm; Calculate the distance between the red and blue balls. Round your answer to 2 significant digits, and be sure it has the correct unit symbol.

At normal temperatures and pressures a certain metal element M forms a crystal with a bcc unit cell and lattice constant a=0.330 nm. The density of Mis measured to be 16.65 g/cm³. Using only this information, identify the element M and write its chemical symbol below.

Iridium ß is a solid phase of iridium still unknown to science. The only difference between it and ordinary iridium is that Iridium ß forms a crystal with a bcc unit cell and a lattice constant a=314. pm. Calculate the density of Iridium ß. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.

An element crystallises in cubic lattice with the lattice constant 4.0 A. Which of the following should not be the permissible atomic radius of element according to Bravais Lattices 20 A √2A √3A 2√2A

16.2 g of an ionic solid (100% dissociated in water) is dissolved in 1L water. The osmotic pressure at 27° C for the solution is 60 R(R is universal gas constant). Assume the density of cubic unit cell of ionic solid is 40 g/cm³ and anion form the lattice in which octahedral void at body centre is vacant and cell is electrically neutral. If edge length of lattice of ionic solid is 3 A and molar mass 162 g/mol, select incorrect statement(s) (Use NA = 6 × 1023). 100% tetrahedral voids are occupied 100% octahedral voids are occupied 50% tetrahedral voids are occupied 50% octahedral voids are occupied

Which of the following statements about solid copper, with a face-centered cubic unit cell, is incorrect? There are two atoms per unit cell. The length of a face diagonal is four times the radius of copper The solid has a cubic closest-packed structure The number of atoms surrounding each copper atom is 12 It will conduct electricity

A solid calcium boride CaBx has a density of 2.45 g/cm³. It has a primitive cubic lattice with an edge length equal to 415 pm and with one calcium atom per unit cell. What is the value of x? (1 pm = 10 12 m) 2 1 6 8 4

Our bodies sweat so that energy from our body can be used to change the liquid into gas. This reduces the energy inside our body and therefore lowers our body temperature. This is one way our body is able to cool itself down so we don't get overheated. After sweating, your body transfers 214054 J of energy into the sweat to cause it to evaporate. Assuming NO temperature change, calculate the mass of water that evaporates.

Metallic strontium crystallizes in a face-centered cubic lattice. The volume of the unit cell is 2.25*108 pm³. What is the density of strontium metal in g/cm³? (1 pm = 10-12 m) 4.53 g/cm3 0.648 g/cm3 2.59 g/cm3 1.30 g/cm3 5.18 g/cm3

Solid calcium occurs as either cubic closest packing or hexagonal closest packing. What is the most significant difference between these two structures? A) The placement of layers of calcium atoms B) The distance between calcium atoms in a single layer C) The distance between calcium atoms in adjacent layers D) The coordination number of the calcium atoms in a single layer E) There is no difference between these two solid structures.

Classify the following solids as molecular, ionic, or atomic: Kr (s) H₂O (s) I2 (s) Si (s) KI (s)

The conductivity of intrinsic semiconductors, such as silicon and germanium, can be increased when small amounts of group 3A or group 5A elements are added, a process called doping. The resulting semiconductors are called either p-type or n-type semiconductors. Classify the type of doping condition and diagrams depicting the electron population of molecular orbital energy-level bands as p-type or n-type semiconductors.