Anatomy and Physiology Questions

It is essential to clean items before reprocessing because: A. It makes them easier to sterilize B. It ensures the pH of the biocide is not affected by organic material. C. It makes them smell better D. It removes all organic material, particularly from crevices and channels

The term enteric pathogens refers to the microorganisms found in respiratory tract urinary tract intestinal tract respiratory system none of these

Which of the following bacterial hemolysis will be observed on blood agar if a patient has bacterial sore throat? Alpha Beta Gama all of these

Typhoid is a food borne illness usually spread through: formite fecal-oral vector none of these

Stimuli for the activation of the Renin- Angiotensin (RAS) pathway include low blood pressure in arterioles in the nephron only. a decrease in fluid flow through the distal tubule only. high blood pressure in the renal artery only. low blood pressure in arterioles in the nephron and a decrease in fluid flow through the distal tubule. low blood pressure in arterioles in the nephron, a decrease in fluid flow through the distal tubule, and high blood pressure in the renal artery.

"Which of the following is an example of gram negative bacteria that is sometimes, albeit rarely, involved in Gl infection?" Mycobacterium smegmatis Klebsiella pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogens

Which of the following media is used for culturing fastidious species? Mannitol Salt Agar Starch agar Chocolate agar Blood agar

Using the chart attached, determine a single characteristic that would allow you to distinguish between Kliebisella and Enterob GNR table.jpg A. Indole B. urease C. Motility D. Lactose fermentation

Outside the plasma membrane (when compared to the inside) is typically (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY) Positive Negative High Na+ Low Na+ High K+ Low K+

Which buffer system seems more effective, the HCO, system or the H2PO, system? WHY??

Using your estimate of alveolar Pco₂ above, estimate the pH of the blood plasma in the Pco2 lungs just after hyperventilation.

Both ammonia and phosphates can serve as urinary buffers. Why bother to buffer urine,since its going to be eliminated from the body?

Suppose you do this test on a hypothetical Staphylococcus species with the antibiotics pencilllin (p-10) and chloramphenicol (C30). You record identical zome diameters a chloramphenicol and penicillin disks. Which antibiotic would be less effective against this organism? Penicillin falls to the left of the resistant zone Penicillin falls to the right of the suceptible zone zone Chlorampericol falls to the left of the resistant zone Chlorampenicol falls to the night of the suceptible zone none of these

What is the H+ concentration (not pH) of normal blood? Refer to lab 8.4 in the manual.

In your alveolar CO₂ experiments, you added 0.1 N NaOH to return the solution to its basic, pink color. How much NaOH did you add to do this (in moles or mmol, not drops)? Hint: there are 20 drops per ml.

Use the ratio of times to change color to estimate the alveolar Pco2 following u hyperventilation:

Using your estimate of alveolar Pco2 estimate the pH of the blood plasma in the lungs just before the subject exhaled. See the table on page 9

'Intravenous infusions of sodium bicarbonate are often given to acidotic patients to correct the acidosis and relieve the strain of rapid breathing. Explain why HCO3 is helpful, using an equation to illustrate.' bib pool woh

Select the correct answer. Which is a possible non-verbal sign of someone contemplating suicide? A. giving away possessions B. saying "I feel like a burden." C. writing song lyrics in which death is the main idea

So, how much CO₂ did you have to add to reach the phenolphthalein endpoint? Convert this quantity of CO₂ into milligrams:

'Draw equations to show how hypoventiatin affects blood levels of CO₂, carbonic acid, H+ and bicarbonate'

In which stage of alcoholism does the drinker face serious health problems? A. problem drinking stage B.dependence stage C. last stage

What is the main reason that restaurants, offices, and other public places have separate areas for smokers? A.to limit nonsmokers' exposure to second-hand smoke B.to discourage people from taking up smoking C.to deglamorize the use of tobacco

Using this estimate of blood pH, how much correction of blood pH seems to be possible by respiratory compensation alone?

Compare your results for the alveolar CO₂ experiments How long did it take to change color during normal ventilation? How long did it take to change color after hyperventilation? How long did it take to change color after hypoventilation? What is the normal Pcoz of alveolar air? mm Hg Use the ratio of times to change color to estimate the alveolar Pcoz following breath holding:

People addicted to smokeless tobacco can develop thick, leathery white spots in the mouth. What are these spots called? A emphysema B. leukoplakia C. mouth ulcers

The effect of alcohol varies from one person to another, mostly because it depends on the blood alcohol concentration, or BAC. What does blood alcohol concentration NOT depend on? A.amount of food in the stomach B.gender and size of the drinker C.rate of consumption D. time of drinking

If Jason wants to build muscle mass in a healthy way, what kind of exercise should he include in his fitness program? A.aerobic B.anaerobic C.cardio

Steroids can decrease an athlete's ability to perform by causing injuries that are difficult to recover from. This happens because steroids don't foster overall development. Which of the following DO steroids strengthen? A. ligaments B. muscles C. tendons

Dietary supplements can help make up for nutrients missing from our diet. Which supplement would most likely be recommended for someone suffering from anemia? A calcium B. iron C mineral D. vitamin

Which of the following is a medicine that stimulates the body's immune response to make disease-fighting molecules to attack a specific pathogen? A. analgesic B.antibiotic C. antitoxin

A person addicted to heroin went through the following treatment to stop his drug abuse: a doctor gradually replaced his daily heroin dosage with the legal drug methadone. What kind of treatment is this? A.detoxification B.supervised medication C. therapeutic community

Steroid use can have several physical consequences. What effect can the use of steroids have on men? A. deepened voice B. enlarged breasts C. increased facial hair

Which of the following is the best example of peer pressure using a reasoning tactic? A."Have a cigarette. Everyone in this group smokes." B."C'mon and take a sip. Don't be a bore." C."Act like your sister. She smoked pot and never got caught."

Meadow's friends keep calling her boring because she refused to drink at the last party they invited her to. What kind of peer pressure is this? A. rejection B.put down C.reasoning

Which is an effective way to resist peer pressure to do something you're uncomfortable doing? A.assertively and confidently say you don't want to B.create an excuse to leave the situation C. change the subject that you're uncomfortable with

In which stage of the stress response do our bodies release the hormone adrenaline? A. alarm B. resistance C. fatigue

Your good friend Monica has started using drugs, and you're worried about her. How should you try to help her quit drugs? A. Tell her you're concerned for her, and offer to go with her to speak with someone that can help. B.Make it clear that you have problems with both Monica and her behavior. C.Criticize Monica's behavior and threaten to call her parents.

What is the last and most crucial step in the treatment of alcoholism? A. detoxification B. accepting the problem C. rehabilitation

Several treatments are available to those struggling with drug abuse to overcome their addiction. Which type of treatment focuses mostly on group or individual counseling? A. detoxification B.outpatient drug-free treatment C.supervised medication D.maintenance therapy

What kind of help does the support group American Council on Alcoholism provide? A.It helps friends and family deal with the alcoholic. B.It provides referrals and information about treatment facilities. C.It educates people on the ill effects of alcoholism.

Which of these individuals is the most likely to need professional help for substance abuse? A.Since Diane changed schools, she has become the opposite of the extrovert she once was. B.Claire suddenly quit hanging out with her old friends and always looks tired and distracted. C.Jeremy takes prescription medication to treat his chronic headaches.

Jessica's friend has decided to quit smoking. What should Jessica do to encourage her friend? A.Use reverse psychology by telling her that she will never be able to quit. B.Celebrate smoke-free days with her and give her small gifts for not smoking. C.Carefully monitor her and scold her whenever she sneaks a cigarette.

How does Alcoholics Anonymous help people deal with alcoholism? A.It holds meetings where alcoholics and their family members can gather and discuss how alcoholism affects their lives. B.It encourages alcoholics to commit themselves to sobriety by sharing their past experiences and future goals. C.It focuses on alcoholism as a physical disease, instead of a mental problem that can be cured with the right treatment.

You have an important exam in a week's time and are very tense about it. What should you do to ease the stress? A. study all day and night and don't think about anything else but the exam B. plan to spend less time on less important things and spend some time studying each day C. engage in totally different activities for five days to get your mind off the exam

Which is an effect of short-term exposure to stress? A. improved performance B. lower overall health C. improved resistance to future stressors

Which mental health disorder is generally due to a traumatic event and is less severe than the others? A. reactive depression B. clinical depression C. bipolar disorder

Select the correct answer. Which is a possible verbal sign of a person contemplating suicide? A. writing poems in which death is the main idea B. withdrawn from activities C. loss of interest in once-loved activities

Which is an example of negative self-talk? A. "I will get better if I practice." B. "I can't do this." C. "I am still learning."

Select the correct answer. Which of these statements describes clinical depression? A. a milder form of depression that usually follows a traumatic event B. a medical condition that may occur due to a chemical imbalance in the brain C. alternate feelings of extreme happiness and extreme sadness