Introduction to Physiology Questions and Answers

During the time spanning B-D, left atrial volume is: (Increasing, Decreasing, or Not changing) e) Any drug that blocks the activation of beta-1 receptors will have what effect on pressure at point D? (circle one): Increases No change Decreases 6) On the Wiggers diagram, match the following events to the lettered boxes: a. End-diastolic volume b. Aortic valve opens C. Mitral valve opens d. Aortic valve closes e. Mitral valve closes f. End-systolic volume

Which of the following options refers to blastocyst? Hollow sphere loaded with cells Cylindrical cells in the oviduct Elliptical cell in the endometrium The cavity in the center of the uterus

To auscultate the aortic semilunar valve, you would place your stethoscope: A. In the second intercostal space to the right of the sternum B. In the fifth intercostal space inferior to the left nipple C. In the second intercostal space to the left of the sternum D. In the fifth right intercostal space

The term preload refers to: A. Back pressure exerted by blood in the large arteries leaving the heart B. Amount ventricles are stretched by contained blood C. Amount of blood collected in a ventricle during systole D. The amount of blood pumped out by a ventricle with each beat

The amount of energy required to maintain the basic metabolic functions of an animal in a resting state is called the

What is the difference between blastulation and implantation? The process of repeated mitotic division of a morula is called blastulation, whereas cleavage of the embryo longitudinally is called implantation. The prenatal development of the embryo is called blastulation, whereas development of egg is called implantation. The process of differentiation of trophoblast is called Oblastulation, whereas development of placenta from the trophoblast is called implantation. The process of formation of a blastula from a morula is called blastulation, whereas adherence of the embryo to the wall of the uterus is called implantation.

What is the other name for ectopic pregnancy? Tubular Vulvular Cochlear Occular

Which of the following membrane is piereced by embryologists in assisted hatching? Zona pellucida Graafian follicle Corona radiata Zona granulosa

The development of secondary sexual characteristics are controlled by hormones acrosomes mitochondria nucleus

What happens to the number of cells at the first three steps of cleavage? It triples. It remains the same. It reduces to half. It doubles.

What is the correct sequence of information flow in a spinal reflex arc, from detection of a stimulus to response? 1. ventral ramus 2. spinal nerve 3. ventral root 4. ventral rootlets 5. dorsal root 6. dorsal rootlets 7. spinal cord integration center 8. sensory receptor 9. effector 8, 2, 5, 6, 7, 1, 4, 3, 9 8, 1, 5, 2, 6, 7, 4, 2, 3, 1, 9 8, 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1,9 8, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6, 5, 2, 1, 9

Learning and memory are examples of: neurogenesis neural plasticity neural regeneration No answer text provided. none of the above

The process by which molecules such as glucose are moved into cells along their concentration gradient with the help of membrane-bound carrier proteins is called osmosis facilitated diffusion secondary active transport endocytosis simple diffusion

When a muscle is stimulated repeatedly at a high rate, the amount of tension gradually increases to a steady maximum tension. This is called incomplete tetanus complete tetanus a twitch wave summation recruitment

Large-diameter, densely packed myofibrils, large glycogen reserves, and few mitochondria are characteristics of slow oxidative fibers intermediate fibers fast glycolytic fibers red muscle fiber fast oxidative fibers

How is it that we, as humans, are able to detect 1 trillion different scents? Because we have hundreds of olfactory receptor types, each with an ability to detect several different odorants. Because taste and smell combine to provide thorough input to the cerebral cortex. Because we have 1 trillion different olfactory receptors. Only because we combine input from several types of olfactory receptors.

When light activates a photoreceptor, what is the effect on the membrane potential of the cell? depolarization, followed by hyperpolarization depolarization, causing the release of inhibitory glutamate hyperpolarization, preventing the release of inhibitory glutamate repolarization, causing the release of excitatory glutamate

Which is not a difference between tasting salty versus bitter? Saltiness has a higher threshold to taste than bitterness. Saltiness generates a receptor potential by direct flow of ions into the receptor, while bitterness involves gustducin proteins and IP3 messenger proteins. Saltiness has been more important in human evolution due to the risks of ingesting too much salt. Saltiness is caused by ions, while bitterness is caused by substance with a basic pH.

Receptors that respond to changes in room temperature are found in the skin. Which of the following pairs of classifications below best fit the receptor type that is being described above? thermoreceptors that are also interoceptors mechanoreceptors that are also interoceptors mechanoreceptors that are also exteroceptors thermoreceptors that are also exteroceptors

We can localize sensations that originate in different areas of the body because sensory neurons carry only one modality. sensory neurons from specific body regions project to specific cortical regions. incoming sensory information is first processed by the thalamus. different types of sensory receptors produce action potentials of different sizes and shapes. of the many types of tactile receptors.

The auditory ossicles: do not amplify the sound waves, but send the sound waves into the cochlear duct for detection. amplify the sound waves as they are conveyed through the oval window, into the cochlea are 2 small bones, which function in giving structure to the inner ear. do none of the above

Which of the following is true about gustatory receptors? O In order for a chemical to be detected, it must be hydrophobic. The receptors generate an action potential in response to chemical stimuli. Each gustatory receptor is specific to single basic taste. All gustatory receptors have the same threshold for activation.

What is a change leader and what are some of the qualities they possess?

in your own words explain the top three things leaders should know or do to be effective in their position. explain the best ways you believe a manager can learn to be a great leader.

SP Suppose that you are a RN working in a hospital. A middle-aged man comes in for an appointment and, after escorting him to an examination room, you take his vital signs... They seem within the bounds of what is considered acceptable for his age. He then excuses himself and walks down the hall to the drinking fountain. When he retums, you take his pulse and find that it is 35 bpm above its resting value. What will you conclude? What will you do?

Compare & contrast the recovery rate of a healthy vs an unhealthy person.

The main causative agent of gas gangrene is aureus. Staphylococcus Streptococcus pyogenes. Mycobacterium leprae. Staphylococcus epidermidis Clostridium perfringens.

Measles is also known as rubella. shingles. rubeola. fifth disease. varicella.

All of the following pertain to interferon except is a protein. is produced by certain white blood cells and tissue cells. includes alpha, beta, and gamma types. inhibits viruses, tumors, and cancer gene expression. increases capillary permeability and vasodilation.

Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae? bacterial meningitis influenza (flu) pharyngitis bronchitis epiglottitis

Which of the following are destroyed by phagocytes? Bacteria Viruses Parasites All of the choices

Which of the following white blood cells do not have granules in their cytoplasm? Monocytes Neutrophils Eosinophils Basophils

Expand the abbreviation HIV. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Health Deficiency Virus Health Inducing Virus Humoral Immunity Virus

Which of the following is/are the symptom/s of acute lymphoblastic leukemia? Weakness and fatigue Weight loss Joint pain All of the choices

Nadia auditioned for a part in a school play but didn't get it. She feels scared about auditioning for another play. What should her friend tell her to convince her? A. "Don't feel bad about the last audition. Try again. You might get lucky this time." B. So you didn't succeed the first time. Let's go over what you did in that audition and see what areas you can improve on." C. Go on and give it another-try. What's the worst that could happen? Besides, those people aren't gods."

Select the correct answer. Who has the healthiest self-esteem? A. Mary Anne, who judges how well she has done in her exams based on her friends' results B. Joanna, who knows what she can and cannot do and sets her goals accordingly C. Bertha, who is concerned about her looks and feels bad when her hair isn't perfect

The drug that is used to treat hyperparathyroidism is levothyroxine methimazole cinacalcet sulfonyl urea

Which of the following fibers contains elastin protein? Elastic fiber White fiber Collagen fiber Reticulate fiber

Which of following statement is FALSE? Cells are the basic unit of life. Cells are the building blocks of life. Cells are the functional unit of all living organisms. Cells do not reproduce.

Which of the following statement(s) about homeostasis is/are TRUE? (i) Extrinsic regulation is the result of the nervous system. (ii) A receptor that acts as a sensor to respond to an environmental change, called a stimulus. (III) The effector is a cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center. Statement I alone Statements I and II Statement II and III Statements I, II, and III

Below the dermis there is a layer called the epidermis hypodermis stratum fuscicollis stratum fascicularis

Respiration is releasing of air through the nose releasing energy from food. exchanging of gas in lungs absorbing air through the nasal cavity

Which of the following is a cause of bronchitis? Bacteria Inhaling dust and smoke Virus such as Influenza A and B All of the choices

Which of the following statements are TRUE about MALT? 1. A group of lymphoid tissues is called the mucosa- associated lymphoid tissue. II. MALT is found in the tonsils, appendix, intestinal villi, and Peyer's patches. III. MALT is characterized by a large number of antibody- producing plasma cells, macrophages. Statements I and II Statements II and III Statements I and III Statements I, II, and III

Which of the following is NOT a drug prescribed for erectile dysfunction? Sildenafil Tadalafil Vardenafil Cocofil

Chlamydia is an infection caused by bacteria viruses protozoa fungi

The sum total of the chemical reactions that keep an organism alive is called metabolism catabolism anabolism reduction

Which glands produce and secrete sex hormones in males and females? Pancreas Gonads Parathyroid glands Pituitary gland

Which of the following hormone helps to control the blood calcium and phosphate ion concentrations? Calcitonin Glucocorticoid Cortisol Antidiuretic

The medical condition that is caused either byhormone hypersecretion of pituitary adrenocorticotropic or adrenal hormones is called Addison's disease goiter Cushing's syndrome diabetes mellitus