Anatomy and Physiology Questions

The pre-programmed response of the immune system is which response? specific nonspecific

What type of tumor can occur anywhere in the body? A. a neuroblastoma B. a lymph tumor C. a brain tumor

Radiation beams can be aimed from outside the body, to come together at the location of a tumor. This does damage to the tumor's A. walls B. fibers C. DNA

An allergen is the foreign that your body reacts to. A. solid B. shape C. substance

Segments of what are located on the chromosomes? A. genetics B. proteins C. DNA

When you try to focus on the tip of your nose, a. the pupils dilate. b. the ciliary muscles relax. c. the lens becomes more spherical. d. the tension on the suspensory ligament increases, e. the lens becomes flatter.

If you owned a successful business which consistently produced at maximum production, which of the following would best help you expand your production? a) Allow workers to work overtime. b) Procure more factors of production, c) Buy more land in which to build more production facilities. d) Apply for a loan to buy more land.

A characteristic of passive transport: A)Energy needed for particle movement, provided by concentration gradients of second substance B)Energy needed for particle movement, provided by ATP C)Energy needed for particle movement across membrane, provided by kinetic energy D)Energy not needed for particle movement across membrane

If the rate of urine formation is 2 ml/min, the urine Inulin concentration is 25 mg/ml, and the plasma inulin concentration 0.5 mg/ml, then the GFR IS_______ a)0.04 mL/min b)100 mL/min c)6.25 mL/min d)None of the choices are correct.

Antidiuretic hormone a) is secreted in response to dehydration b)induces fusion of aquaporin containing vesicles with the plasma membrane c)All of the choices are correct. d)stimulates water reabsorption by the kidney

Which statement is true regarding endocrine system disorders? A) Excessive secretion of growth hormone (GH) in children can lead to gigantism B) Hyperthyroidism leads to an increase of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) C) Diabetes type 1 results from over-secretion of insulin and cellular resistance to insulin. D) Decreased levels of iodine in the body can lead to imbalances of pancreatic hormones.

What is the function of ATP in our bodies? a)To act as a main source of catalyzed work by decreasing the activation of energy. b)To turn chemical energy into radioactive energy. c)To store energy and provide energy in our human body. d)To provide structural support in our muscles and skeletal system.

Secondary structure (level 2) of a protein is defined by a)alpha helices or pleated sheet, hydrogen bonds between nearby amino acids b)chain of amino acids c)hydrophobic amino acids d)fully folded 3D structure of a protein - determined by R group interactions across the entire protein.

The reaction in which the glucose forms into glycogen requires a)The process of splitting of water b) The process of hydrolysis c)The process of glycolysis d)The process of dehydration synthesis

The passage of materials from high to low concentration directly through the lipid bilayer, without help from an integral protein: A)Simple diffusion B)Passive transport C)Facilitated diffusion D)Active transport

In osmosis, water will pass the lipid layer towards where A) There is high concentration of solute B)There is an equal concentration of solute C) There is blood D)There is low concentration of solute

A woman taking phenytoin for a seizure disorder is considering becoming pregnant What is the nurse's best response? a) "It is not safe for you to become pregnant while on phenytoin." b) "You will be okay on this medication; there is no risk to the fetus." c) "It is not safe for you to become pregnant while on any anti-seizure medication d) "You will probably have to look into adoption because of your seizures."

The force responsible for normal expiration is supplied by a. Actively contracting the diaphragm. b. Forcing the external intercostals to contract. c. Normal relaxation of the diaphragm & the external intercostals. d. Contraction of the bronchioles.

What does an enzyme do? a) It lowers the activation of energy to speed up a chemical reaction b)An enzyme cannot bind to a substrate c)None of the selection d)It extracts protons, neutrons and electrons in all parts of an atom

If a nerve is carrying sensory information about the leg or carrying commands to leg muscles, it is probably a __nerve; if a nerve is carrying sensory information about the face or carrying commands to face muscles, it is probably a__ nerve. a) cranial; spinal b)parasympathetic; spinal c)spinal; cranial d) cranial; autonomic

Ms. Pratt is claiming that Mr. Jacobs is the father of her child. Ms. Pratt's blood type is O negative. Her baby boy has type A positive blood. Mr. Jacobs blood is typed and found to be B positive. a). Could he be the father of her child? b). If so, how do you know? c). If not, what blood type(s) would the father be expected to have?

Which of the following disorders is typically characterized by feelings of anxiety and helplessness that are caused by a traumatic event? 1) acute stress disorder 2)dissociative identity disorder 3)bipolar disorder 4)somatoform disorder

You are playing nerdy "20 questions" on a long road trip and your friend says "I am thinking of the neurotransmitter associated with sex and drugs and other sorts of rewarding things". What neurotransmitter are they probably thinking of? a)acetylcholine b) dopamine c)GABA d)epinephrine

You hear someone say: 'The brain likes to use hierarchical processing. Frequently, it figures out simple things first, and those simple things get combined into more complicated things, and even more complicated things, as information gets further and further from sensory areas." In terms of the visual system, that person is more or less: a)correct b)incorrect

Match the lesion location with the most likely types of impairment: A) right temporal lobe, problems recognizing words from their sounds; left temporal lobe, problems identifying people from their voices. B) left temporal lobe, problems recognizing words from their sounds; right temporal lobe, problems recognizing meanings of words (all words). C) left temporal lobe, problems recognizing words from their sounds; right temporal lobe, problems speaking words (all words). D) left temporal lobe, problems recognizing words from their sounds; right temporal lobe, problems identifying people from their voices.

36) ..........within the larynx, keeps food out of the vocal cords. 37) ...........on top of the larynx, keeps food out of the larynx. 38) ............the only external structure that is considered part of the respiratory system. 39) .........contain the vocal cords. 40) ...........also called the throat. 41) ............used in swallowing and holding breath; not useful for sound production.

Which of the following statements about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is false? A). It provides a liquid cushion that helps protect the spinal cord and the brain. B). CSF does not circulate through the spinal cord. C).CSF circulates through the ventricles of the brain. D).CSF is made by choroid plexus. E). It removes wastes, such as those that are made by neurons.

Which is an example of a nontariff barrier (NTB)? a)an export subsidy b)an excise tax on the physical volume of imported goods c)box-by-box inspection requirements for imported fruit d)an excise tax on the dollar value of imported goods

If you bred a line of designer rats lacking vmPFCs, which of these do you think would be impaired/absent/different in these animals? a) a conditioned emotional response becoming extinct (no longer being afraid of bell) b)a fear response (freezing) being displayed c)motor responses d) a conditioned emotional response being learned (pairing of bell & shock)

Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine include all of the following except for: A). an increase in digestive system activities. B) dilation of respiratory airways, such as bronchioles. C). an increase in breathing rate. D).an increase in metabolic rate. E). an increase in heart rate.

Remember the eye blink classical conditioning scenario we discussed in class, where a tone was paired with a puff? This type of learning would strengthen synapses in the brain. Where would these synapses be most likely to occur? A) reciprocal connections between the tone-hearing and eye-puff-detecting detecting neurons. B) where neurons activated during tone hearing and neurons activated by air puff-sensing project their axons on neurons that cause blinking. C) only within the tone-hearing neurons. D) only within the eye-puff-detecting neurons.

Electrically stimulating the "hand area" in primary motor cortex causes what? a)one contraction of one muscle of one of the hands b)one movement of the contralateral hand c)one contraction of one muscle fiber of one of the hands d)one movement of the ipsilateral hand

What principle of how the auditory system is organized is the reason cochlear implants work? a)number of axons coding intensity information b)place coding of pitch information c)rate coding of intensity information d)rate coding of pitch information

All of the following statements are true regarding the structure of the brain except for: A). The red nucleus is part of the basal ganglia. B). The epithalamus is part of the diencephalon. C). The putamen is part of the basal ganglia. D). The pons is part of the brain stem. E). The cerebellum has an anterior lobe.

After losing input from a body part that is damaged or amputated, touching other body parts might stimulate perception of touch from the missing area. This is most likely due to: A) loss of neurotrophins. B) collateral sprouting in motor pathways. C) reorganization of blood supply. D) collateral sprouting in somatosensory pathways.

Lucas is able to understand what relatives say to him. However, he cannot pronounce words clearly or speak fluently. His stroke most likely occurred in the A). left cerebellar hemisphere B). Wernicke's area C). Broca's area D). pons E). basal ganglia

Which of the following is not a characteristic of neurons? A). ability to survive without oxygen B). need for abundant glucose C). longevity D). inability to divide (by mitosis) E). high metabolic rate

Which of the following statements is false? A). The obturator nerve comes from the lumbar plexus. B). The radial nerve innervates muscles in the posterior upper limb. C). The sciatic nerve comes from the lumbar plexus. D). The median nerve comes from the brachial plexus. E.) The ulnar nerve comes from the brachial plexus.

Consider the thyroid and parathyroid glands together. Which of the following statements is false? A). The thyroid gland produces calcitonin. B). Thyroid hormone is secreted by follicular cells. C). There are four parathyroid glands. D). There are two thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). E) Parathyroid hormone decreases the blood level of calcium.

Consider white matter and gray matter in the CNS. Which of the following statements is false? A). Clusters of neuron cell bodies are located in the gray matter B). White matter tracts are only found in the spinal cord. They are not found in the brain. C). The white matter is composed of myelinated axons. D). Tracts are bundles of axons. E). The gray matter is the site where synapses occur.

Where do the allele variations of a gene originate? A) one from mom and one from dad. B) both come from dad. C) both come from mom.

Why do males present with the phenotype for sex-linked traits more often than females? A) because those traits are carried on the y chromosome. B) because those traits are not carried on the y chromosome. C) because males are more likely to express physical traits.

Which of the following cells secretes releasing or inhibiting hormones? A). hypothalamic neurons B). medullary chromaffin cells C).cells in the anterior lobe of the pituitary D). parafollicular cells

Why is a DNA size standard used alongside the DNA sample to be tested? A) it is a control to make sure the test works. B) It contains known DNA alleles for comparison. C) it is used to compare the relative DNA size of the tested sample.

Why is an electric current used to push DNA through the gel in gel electrophoresis? A) the flow of the current moves the DNA physically through the gel. B) DNA is positively charged and moves toward the positive pole. C) DNA is negatively charged and moves away from the negative pole.

Which of the following DNA strands would be a complement to this one? GACCATGC A) CUGGUACG. B) GTCCTAGC. C) CTGGTACG.

When translating from DNA to RNA, RNA uses uracil in place of what DNA nitrogenous base? A) thymine. B) adenine. C) guanine.

What must be done in order to see the bands of DNA in the gel after the electrophoresis? A) DNA must be stained. B) it has to be soaked in water. C) infrared light is used.

The gelatin used in gel electrophoresis is derived from what plant? A) seaweed. B) dandelion. C) algae.

Which of these things occur at the neuromuscular junction: a)action potential of motor neuron causes acetylcholine release and action potential in muscle fiber b))the monosynaptic stretch reflex c)the polysynaptic inhibitory reflex d)central pattern generators