Anatomy and Physiology Questions

What should the nurse place as a priority when taking care of a patient who is being treated for hypertension with a vasodilator? Instructing the patient to report any headaches Monitoring for increase in urinary frequency Monitoring the patient for tachycardia Instructing the patient to rise slowly

The basic structural unit of muscle is the sarcomere; and illustrating a refinement of the BASIC CELL TYPE; having new names to describe well-characterized macromolecular complexes and organelles. Two strations of this terminology, respectively, are the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. TF

APOPTOSIS is a phenomenon of cellular death that is gradual and has been termed "programmed cell death," where a cell actively takes part in its own cell death; indicating the disintegration of organelles and organellar membranes; and has been likened to leaves falling from a tree over time. T F

If someone spills very hot coffee (200 °F) on their skin, they will likely perceive much pain. Which of the following receptor types is causing this sensation? chemoreceptors thermoreceptors nociceptors mechanoreceptors

Match each of the following components of a reflex arc with its description. Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences. transmits message to the Receptor: effector receives the stimulus Effector: transmits message to the Motor neuron: CNS nerve impulse is processed Sensory neuron: carries out the motor Integration center: response

What connective tissue sheath wraps the axon of a neuron? fascicle endoneurium perineurium epineurium

You have just lifted up a 10 lb weight by abducting your arm out to the side at your shoulder. You continue to hold the weight in that position for a few seconds. During this time the length of your muscle remains the same, while the muscle continues to vary the amount of tension or force needed to keep the weight from falling down.What type of contraction is going on while you are holding this weight in this position? Latent Hypertrophy Isotonic Isometric

This innermost meningeal layer that touches the brain permits nutrients, oxygen, and certain solutes to enter the brain, but there are tight junctions on the adjacent blood vessels which form the blood-brain barrier, so as to protect the brain from disease and harmful chemicals Arachnoid mater Pia mater Dura mater Astrocytes

After acetylcholine crosses the synaptic cleft and binds to the acetylcholine receptor, what is the very next step that occurs at the neuromuscular junction that leads to depolarization? Sodium pumps in the sarcolemma switch on and sodium rushes into the muscle cell, causing the interior of the sarcolemma to go from positive to negative Sodium channels in the sarcolemma open and sodium rushes into the muscle cell, causing the interior of the sarcolemma to go from negative to positive Calcium channels in the sarcolemma open up and calcium rushes into the muscle cell, causing the interior of the sarcolemma to go from negative to positive Calcium is released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum, calcium binds to troponin and the muscle contracts

Name this muscle: • It adducts the scapulae and helps extends the head and neck. • It allows you to elevate the scapulae while shrugging your shoulders. • It allows you to pull back or retract the scapulae and also rotate the scapulae superiorly. • Its origins are in the occipital area, on the cervical and thoracic vertebrae • Its insertion is at the clavicle, the acromion and scapular spine. Trapezius Latissimus dorsii Sternocleidomastoid Pectoralis major

Which class of Lever is being described if you are standing on tiptoes and if: • The Fulcrum is at the metatarsal and phalanges, which is at one end of this lever on the anterior side of the body. • The Load is your body weight which is in the middle of this lever. •The Effort is exerted by the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles at the calcaneal (Achilles') tendon on the other side of this lever on the posterior side of the body. First class Lever O None of the above, because this action is not possible in the body and such a lever does not exist. Second class Lever Third class Lever

These cells are long, cylindrical, uninucleate or binucleate, branched and striated, with intercalated discs, and gap junctions that provide electrical communication between neighboring cells Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle Skeletal muscle Synaptic end bulbs

This part of the central nervous system contains cell bodies of neurons that are responsible for motor control of visceral organs such as the heart, lungs, digestive organs etcetera. Ventral horns of the spinal cord Lateral horns of the spinal cord Primary motor cortex of the cerebrum Dorsal horns of the spinal cord

You smell cookies baking in the oven and your salivary glands start to produce saliva. Choose the correct answer: A signal travels to the brain along somatic sensory efferent fibers, and then the brain sends instructions to the salivary glands along somatic motor afferent fibers. A signal travels to the brain along visceral sensory afferent fibers, and then the brain sends instructions to the salivary glands along visceral motor efferent fibers. A signal travels to the brain along visceral sensory efferent fibers, and then the brain sends instructions to the salivary glands along visceral motor afferent fibers. A signal travels to the brain along somatic sensory afferent fibers, and then the brain sends instructions to the salivary glands along visceral motor afferent fibers.

You reach into your book bag and feel around for your cell phone. You are using this specific part of the nervous system: Thalamus Dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway Sympathetic nervous system Anterolateral pathway

Which statement is true regarding the neuron synapse? (A) The presynaptic and postsynaptic neuron membranes are not physically separated (B) Binding of a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic neuron membrane can generate an action potential in that neuron (C)The human body only uses one type of neurotransmitter in all of its synapses (D)The binding of a neurotransmitter always causes an excitatory effect on that cell, never inhibitory

How does the following passage contribute to readers' understanding of Maggie? "Aunt Dee's first husband whittled the dash,' said Maggie so low you almost couldn't hear her. "His name was Henry, but they called him Stash." (Paragraph 52)

Write a hypothesis about what the urinalysis of a person with normal, healthy urine looks like in regards to color, pH, specific gravity, glucose, proteins, ketones, and blood.

Which is an example of a circumstance in which a person would be significantly overweight but still be in good health? A. The weight was the result of a medication effectively managing a more serious problem. B. Wright is one of the best indicators of health, so an overweight person cannot be considered healthy. C. If the criteria for health did not include weight, then it would not matter if the person was overweight or not. D.A person might be overweight, but their doctor does not want to encourage them to change any behaviors.

A major difference between men and women in the sexual response cycle is Multiple Choice vasocongestion occurs only in men during the excitement phase. only men experience orgasm. men are more likely than women to experience the resolution phase. after reaching orgasm, men are not able to ejaculate for some time, but women can experience repeated orgasms in quick succession.

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for which functions? The cell bodies of the preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division are located within: Which pair of actions describes the effect of the sympathetic division of the ANS on the pupil of the eye and the G.I. tract? The sympathetic division of the ANS does not: Most body organs are innovated by: Which of the following is not a function of the ANS? A ganglion is an aggregate of nerve cell bodies in: A cranial nerve that affects eye movement is:

The cranial nerve with the greatest distribution is: Which of the following is not a plexus of the spinal nerves?

The correct sequence for the layers in the walls of the alimentary canal from innermost to outermost is the: serosa, muscular layer, mucosa, submucosa. mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa. submucosa, mucosa, serosa, muscular layer. serosa, muscular layer, submucosa, mucosa. mucosa, muscular layer, serosa, submucosa.

A woman has her right breast and right axillary lymph nodes removed. Which of the following might occur? Lymph drainage would be affected in both legs Lymph drainage would be affected in her left arm. The thoracic duct would be severed. Right lymphatic duct drainage decreases causing edema in the right arm.

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence during the American Revolution?

Which level of government is primarily responsible for carrying out elections? Federal government State and local government

Which component of semen is secreted by the prostate gland? fructose bicarbonate ions prostaglandins citric acid

A man who has a vasectomy will not release an ejaculate at organism will continue to produce sperm will experience a reduction in libido (sex drive)

The seminal vesicles secrete which of the following? mucus fructose seminalplasmin

Which of the following is more likely to occur in younger men than older men? testicular cancer prostate cancer Openile cancer epididymal cancer

A man who has_______ has difficulty urinating. testicular cancer prostate cancer impotence

Genital herpes is usually caused by which of the following? herpes simplex virus type 4 herpes simplex virus type 1 herpes simplex virus type 3 herpes simplex virus type 2

Which of the following is found in the ovaries of a female fetus? Graafian follicle secondary follicle corpus albicans primordial follicle corpus luteum

During the female reproductive cycle, the endometrium is thickest the thickness never changes late in the postovulatory phase just after ovulation just prior to ovulation during the menstrual phase

Which of the following most directly undergoes ovulation? secondary follicle corpus luteum corpus albicans primordial follicle Graafian follicle

Which of the following consists of white scar tissue? Graafian follicle corpus luteum primordial follicle corpus albicans secondary follicle

Which of the following is NOT part of the male duct system? testis epididymis ejaculatory duct vas deferens

What is true about people with moderate political views and voting? They are more likely to vote They are just as likely to vote as people with less moderate opinions They are less likely to vote There is no difference between their likelihood of voting and people with extreme opinions

Which of the following is a downside of getting news from social media? News sources do not have social media accounts The news reported is mostly accurate and unbiased All perspectives are shared equally across platforms The algorithms tend to create echo chambers

What tends to be true about the opinions of people who are most knowledgeable about politics and government? They are more likely to have moderate opinions They are more likely to have no opinions They are more likely to have opinions that are farther to the left or right They are more likely to have conservative opinions

What is a media monopoly? Nationalized ownership of mass media A media outlet exclusively focused on a particular type of news, usually political The concentration of media ownership by a few large corporations A media outlet that is all or mostly funded through public funds

Which of the following types of elections have the highest voter turnout? Constitutional amendment elections Midterm elections Presidential elections State elections

Which of the following is an example of digital political participation? Door-to-door canvassing Signing an online petition Voting Attending a protest at the state capitol

Which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between education, income, and voting in U.S. elections? There is no relationship between income and education and voting Those who vote tend to have higher income and more education Those who vote tend to have lower income but higher education Those who vote tend to have lower income and less education

Which of the following is a reason people form an allegiance to a political party? A psychological attachment from their youth The party's ideals coincide with their own ideology All of these Past experience with political leaders

Republicans tend to align with which ideology? Liberal None of these Conservative There is no typical ideology of a Republican

Identification with or support for a particular party or cause is known as: Micro-targeting Patronage Duverger's law Partisanship

Which Constitution Amendment protects the right to protest? 26 1 10 3

Which of the following is a reason we have elections? To needlessly spend money None of these Because that is what we have always done, but they are no longer necessary To hold elected officials accountable

Which of the following characterizes the American national electoral system? multimember electoral districts proportional representation Rank voting system. single-member, plurality system