Introduction to Physiology Questions and Answers

2 v 4 1 2 4 Respiratory System Musculoskeletal System 1 Rhin o 2 Pulmon o 3 My o 4 Oste o

Question 4 Mandatory 1 point The figure below shows the anatomical layers of skin Using the Medical Terminology Handbook and without any other resources which of the following terms refer to the top outermost layer of the skin OA Hypodermis B Esodermis C Epidermis D Peridermis E Endodermis Layers of the skin LISS Top ol Dermi Subcu Muscle

Question How should you sort these company records A Samantha Ashfield Charters Entertainment T R Thompson Associates Lewis R Grey E 23786 Company Ltd B C D 1 2 3 4 5

D Question 28 Identify the large pink tube marked C on this model F Deshommes VA pdf A Deshommes VA pdf Deshommes VA pdf A 1 pt Deshomme

This WBC shows characteristic pink granules and plays a role in allergic responses as well a elimination of large parasites such as worms What is this WBC

The condition that occurs when a Rh fetus s blood is attacked by maternal antibody and the child is born alive but will require a whole body transfusion is called what

O A and B Question 62 Identify the specific tissue type Clue note the A structures

The three WBC cells shown on screen are the largest of all the WBC line What are these cells

D O Cervical Question 7 1 pts The clumping of red blood cells in response to antibodies binding to the antigens located on the cells which results in a popcorn ball effect in the blood is called what use the scientific name for the process clumping is not the right answer

Current Attempt in Progre Place the events of a fracture repair in order A A hematoma will form and will form a temporary connection between the ends of the bones B Fibroblasts and chondroblasts migrate from the periosteum and begin to produce fibrocartilage to connect the ends of the bones C Osteoclasts resorb dead portions of the new bony area and compact bone replaces spongy bone D Osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into osteoblasts and produce spongy bone E Phagocytes and osteoclasts begin to remove dead and damaged tissue OA B E C D OA E B D C OE A B D C OA E D B C

Which of the following is true for the effect that the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system has on the salivary glands Has no effect on the salivary gland Initiates swallowing Inhibits saliva synthesis and secretion Activates saliva synthesis and secretion Stiffens the tongue

5 Your pediatrician tests your newborn s reflexes including the plantar reflex The baby s big toe dorsiflexes and her smaller toes fan laterally a Does this indicate a problem with your newborn

3 My uncle who is 70 years old has been experiencing tremors in his hands He now bends over when he walks and shuffles his feet His muscles in general are rigid and move slowly His symptoms are getting worse over time a What disease is this most likely b What is the treatment for it

Name the specific region of this organ

Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting transfer from short term memory to long term memory automatic memory emotional state the type of sensory receptor rehearsal association

A business associate is a person or entity that performs certain functions or activities that creates receives maintains or transmits on behalf of or provides services to a covered entity but is not part of that entity Regulatory updates Aggregate member demographics Protected health information General data

Opronates the forearm Opronates the forearm and abducts the wrist supinates the forearm and abducts the wrist extends the wrist and supinates the forearm flexes the wrist and pronates the forearm

ries h that c ume ID Sing a spirom 2 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPD is a progressive lung condition in which lung This results in inflammation and narrowing of the airways a breakdown of the lung tissue tissue is damaged primarily by long term inhalation of harmful particles chemicals or gases and in some cases replacement of damaged lung tissue with fibrous scar tissue Patients often have difficulty exhaling and retain excess air in the lungs even after full exhalation leaving less room for air during inhalation and causing enlargement of the thorax Based on the information gathered above identify the individual who likely has COPD Explain how the information and results of the spirometry testing support this decision

Listen What is the function of the structure labeled 2 Controls gene expression for the cell Creates the barrier on the outside of a muscle fiber Anchors muscle to bone Performs contraction Anchors bone to bone Page 7 of 10

A wireless broadcast occurs when a signal is sent from one receiver to multiple

oles Then identify Unknown 1 Blood type khe Could donate blood to Could receive blood from

Name the structure at the arrows O 8 035 po o pooo DO

Mary is recovering from ACL reconstruction and we would like to compare her quadriceps and hamstring strength We decide to use a dynamometer to test Mary s knee flexi n and extension strength at a constant velocity of 60 degrees per second What type of exercise is this 1 Isokinetic 2 Isotonic 3 Isometric 4 All of the above

Holding a plank is an example of what type of exercise OA Open chain B Isometric C Isotonic OD A and C E All of the above

Two of the four primary tissue types contain excitable cellls cells that receive stimuli and generate electrical signals One of these is muscle tissue Name the other A connective B epithelial OC nervous

presence and absence of oxygen True False Question 6 1 point glycolysis to occur but glycolysis can occur both in the Listen All of the following are true of smooth muscle EXCEPT Similar to skeletal muscle fibers neurotransmitter binding always results in action potentials that stimulate contraction Calcium binds to calmodulin instead of troponin during contraction The have diffuse junctions where neurotransmitters are released into a wide synaptic cleft The myofilaments are arranged diagonally instead of in sarcomeres

During muscle contraction the thick filaments pull the thin filaments towards the center of the sarcomeres causing the thin filaments to shorten True False

a first class lever a second class lever a third class lever a fourth class lever Question 30 2 points Listen Which type of lever is exemplified by the flexing of the forearm by the biceps brachii muscle O a second class lever O O a third class lever a fourth class lever onstrated by using a wheelbarrow a first class lever

Following the end plate potential there is a wave of depolarization that causes voltage gated sodium channels to open resulting in more sodium entering the cell Acetylcholine ACh binding to its receptors causes voltage gated sodium channels to open producing an end plate potential Sodium entering in to the cell causes depolarization and potassium exiting from the cell causes repolarization Acetylcholine ACh released by the motor neuron diffused across the synaptic cleft and binds to its receptors on the muscle fiber s sarcolemma Question 14 2 points 4 Listen Select ALL of the following that are true regarding the microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscles Dystrophin helps bind sarcomeres together and helps maintain the alignment of sarcomeres Elastic filaments which are composed of the protein elastin helps the myofibril recoil after stretching and helps resist excessive stretching Thick filaments consists of many myosin molecules each of which has two heads and a tail region

Lunch was okay We had sandwiches and juice This text is lacking diction O sensory details O connotation

Oogenesis is the process of producing the female gamete reproductive cell by meiosis reductive division The purpose of oogenesis is to reduce the chromosome number in the gamete from dip loid 2n the total number of 46 chromosomes to haploid n half the total chromosome number of 23 chromosomes Therefore at fertilization the diploid number is restored with half the genetic information from each parent before Oogenesis consists of two mitotic divisions meiosis I and meiosis II and begins in the ovary birth with diploid stem cells called oogonia They soon divide to form millions of germ cells most of which degenerate Some of the surviving ones develop into the primary oocyte 2n The primary oocyte begins the first meiotic division and then stops in prophase I Here it remains until puberty At puberty several primary oocytes divide each month to form two unequal haploid n cells The larger one the secondary oocyte contains most of the cytoplasm and will become the ovum The smaller one is called the first polar body and will eventually degenerate The secondary oocyte begins meiosis II but stops just before ovulation release from the ovary It will not complete meiosis II unless it is fertilized At that time it will complete the second meiotic division and form an ovum and second polar body When the sperm nucleus n unites with the ovum nucleus n a zygote 2n is formed Exercise 5 Oogenesis Label the cells of oogenesis in Figure 13 6 by writing its number in the blank before its name Before birth Each month from puberty to menopause If fertilization occurs Begins Meiosis I and stops in Prophase I 3 Completes Meiosis I 6 Ovulation Completes Meiosis II 20 2 5 7 8 Word Bank first polar body oogonium ovum primary oocyte second polar body secondary oocyte sperm cell zygote

G Phase CYTOKINESIS cytoplasmic division MITOSIS nuclear division O G phase OS phase INTERPHASE G O G phase G Which of the following phases is NOT found in the interphase stage of cell cycle S GROWTH

Question 3 Points 2 Study the following analogy Fusion of sperm and egg Two genetically unique zygote O Dizygotic twins Which of the following best completes the diagram Monozygotic twins O Trizygotic twins Zygotes that develops simultaneously

Question 2 Mother s blood vessels Allantois Yolk sac Points 2 B O Formed allantois O Formed amnion O Formed yolk sac Kas Formed placenta Placenta Amniotic cavity Amnion Which of the following is represented in the above image Embryo Chorion Chorionic villi

Estrogen induces oxytocin Oxytocin stimulates uterus to contract Which of the following best completes the diagram O Prostaglandin synthesis mechanism O Estrogen stimulating mechanism Negative feedback mechanism Prostaglandins stimulates more contraction of uterus itive feedback mechanism

trace myogram shows contraction force the bottom EMG shows the electrical stimulus On the graph a single electrical stimulation is indicated by letter s B MYOGRAM EMG Cand D C E bida M DF

Which choice correctly identifies the parts labeled 1 2 3 and 4 2 O 1 Bronchus 2 Epiglottis 3 Lungs 4 Diaphragm O 1 Epiglottis 2 Diaphragm 3 Lungs 4 Bronchus 1 Epiglottis 2 Lungs 3 Diaphragm 4 Bronchus 1 Lungs 2 Epiglottis 3 Diaphragm 4 Bronchus

he Rate of an Enzyme Reaction These experiments will use the enzyme catalase which is found in potatoes Catalase acts on the substrate H O2 hydrogen peroxide to produce H O and O2 The O is released as bubbles Therefore the more bubbles you see the greater the reaction Base your responses on the following data table The effect of temperature on the rate of enzyme reactions Tube Pre Treatment Treatment Temp C Temp C C1 C2 C3 100 25 20 100 25 4 Prediction no bubbles some bubbling strong bubbling very strong bubbling Observations no bubbles some bubbling strong bubbling very strong bubbling a What is the preferred temperature for the enzyme catalase b What explains the level of activity with the catalase that was boiled prior to the experiment Relate this to protein structure and denaturization c What do you conclude about the effect of temperature on enzyme activity Don t just say that it has an effect say how it affects it d Based on your conclusion do you think you might digest ice cream at a slower or faster rate than a hot soup

11 Digestion of foodstuff Fill in the table below with the substrate and product of each digestive enzyme You do not have to be specific you can say sugars rather than glucose and fructose ENZYME Salivary Amylase Pancreatic Amylase Salivary Lipase Pancreatic Lipase Pepsin Trypsin Carboxypeptidase SUBSTRATE Starch PRODUCT Sugar ORGAN OF PRODUCTION Salivary Glands SITE OF ACTION Oral Cavity OPTIMAL PH Neutral

Complete the following table Macromolecule Polymer Protein Nucleic Acid Carbohydrate Lipid Example of Macromolecule Monomer Nucleotides Example of Monomer Methionine Tyrosine Lysine

Which of the following is true of fast glycolytic fibers Largest diameter Lots of mitochondria Few blood capillaries Low myoglobin content

The pancreas pancreas sweetbread is a soft oblong organ located between the stomach and small intestine near the midline of the abdominopelvic cavity Figure 1 14 It includes a head body and tail from medial to lateral Internally it contains two types of cells exocrine and endocrine The exocrine cells form nearly 99 of the volume of the organ They secrete a variety of digestive enzymes into the small intestine via a central pancreatic duct which contributes to chemical digestion Pancreatic exocrine cells are referred to as acini This part of the pancreas will be explored further in our study of the digestive system The endocrine cells are isolated into small clusters known as pancreatic islets or islets of Langerhans Each islet contains four secretory cell types alpha cells and beta cells which synthesize and secrete pancreatic hormones into the bloodstream The hormones include delta and F cells List the secrtory cells and funtions of the pancreatic hormones in the blanks below Hormones Insulin Glucagon eas Somatostatin Pancreatic Polypeptide Secretory Cells F cells Hormone Action Inhibits somatostatin secretion

4 In the following table list all of the organs structures in which the Process occurs Process Ingestion Mechanical Digestion Chemical Digestion Motility Peristalsis Motility Segmentation Secretion Absorption Reabsorption and Compaction Defecation List ALL when applicable the organs where this process happens

a b Superior parathyroid gland stion Thyroid gland left lobe tracted anteriorly Inferior parathyroid gland Trachea Figure 1 8 Lateral view of the neck with the thyroid left lobe pulled away to reveal two of the four parathyroid glands Parathyroid gland Thyroid gland Figure 1 9 Thyroid and parathyroid glands a Photomicrograph b Student sketch o bluedoot LLC two hormones of the thyroid and parathyroid glands are antagonistic

Match these prefixes and roots to their meanings ventriculo electro cardi atri The prefix The prefix The prefix The prefix means electricity means atrium means heart or heart action means ventricle of the heart Rese

Match the following Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right Parietal layer Epicardium Endocardium Myocardium 2 3 4 Serous layer covering the heart muscle The outermost layer of the serous pericardium Heart muscle The inner lining of the heart

What ills in British society are ridiculed by Hogarth Besides the engravings in your textbook here is another one of Hogarth s engravings Gin Lane that depicts ills in British society GIN LANE SGRIPE PAWS BROKER of

On the above graph where is hysteresis located Stress Oa O b Strain None of the included answers is correct Oc a b

10 Calculate the molarity of a solution consisting of 60 0 g of NaOH in 1 50 L of solution OA 1 00 M OD 1 60 x 10 M E 1 74 M B 40 0 M OC 1 50 M

12 Identify the following organic compound functional group H C C N C C C H O a Amide E no correct answer given O C ether HHH OHH B Alcohol D Aldehyde IT HH 11 HH