Introduction to Physiology Questions and Answers

William has a cut that is superficial, painful but not bleeding. Based on this information, you would predict that the cut has penetrated to the papillary layer but not the reticular layer the stratum basale but not the dermal layers the stratum corneum but not the stratum granulosum the subcutaneous layer, but no deeper

Our sense of balance is provided primarily by the cochlea vestibular appratus retina middle ear

Remodeling a kitchen to add additional cabinets to existing ones also means adding extra support. In a similar respect, bone remodeling alters bone structure without adversely affecting bone strength. What divalent cation is required to create additional bone matrix support? chloride phosphate carbonate calcium

Interstitial fluid represents one type of extracellular material. True False

Which type of cell or cellular structure is not found in the epidermis? pain receptors dendritic cells keratinocytes melanocytes

Briefly explain the advantages and disadvantages of diversity in a department or organization.

Marie and Joan are the same height, but Marie weighs 25 pounds more than Joan. When they go hiking in cold weather, Joan needs two more layers of clothing than Marie to stay warm. Which of the following explains why? Marie has more subcutaneous fat, which is metabolized to provide warmth. Marie has more dermal blood vessels, which constrict to increase blood flow to the core. Marie has more subcutaneous fat, which insulates the body's core. Marie has a thicker epidermal layer, which insulates her body's core more efficiently.

Discuss contemporary American funerals. a. Describe two alternative to the funeral discussed in the text. b. Using course material and concepts to support your answer, discuss what it might mean to the future of American funerals when caskets can now be bought online at big box stores such as Costco?

Which of the following hormones is currently thought to decrease plasma calcium levels in pregnant women and children? calcitonin thyroid hormones calcitriol parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A Caucasian patient with pale skin is treated for low blood pressure with medication that elevates the blood pressure; however, the skin's pallor does not change. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the pallor in this patient? A. respiratory disease that results in the blood being poorly oxygenated B. the presence of hematomas in the skin C. hypertension caused by excessive use of the medication D. Anemia

Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organs A. 1-2-4-3-5 B. 2-1-3-4-5 C. 2-1-4-3-5 D. 1-2-3-4-5

Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein? oxygen transport circulating antibody forms a lipid bilayer molecular transport through the membrane

Responsiveness or irritability is the ability to sense changes in the environment and then respond to them. True False

It is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries, so that its internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding it. True False

Compare bargaining unit determination in the public and private sectors.

Which system helps regulate temperature and protects the body? A. urinary B. respiratory C. skeletal D. integumentary

The supplying of oxygen and elimination of carbon dioxide in the lungs is a function of the A. digestive system B. circulatory system C. respiratory system D. excretory system

The source of the fluid that accumulates in a blister is__________ A. water that is absorbed from the environment into the skin B. water that is squeezed out of the overlying epidermal cells C. the plasma of the blood flowing through the numerous dermal blood vessels D. none of the above

There are two questions on this exam that ask you to name the two types of cholinergic receptors. Please name one of the two types on this question and the other on the identical question on this exam.

Briefly describe the five fatal flaws that cause derailment.

Briefly describe the trait approach to leadership.

Which type of gland secretes its products directly into the blood stream? mucus endocrine serous exocrine

According to Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership, in situations of moderate favorability, a relationship-oriented leader. A. supervises jobs that are clearly defined. B. defines task structure and establishes authority over subordinates. C. may be moderately well liked and have some power. D. may maintain poor leader-member relations.

The to leadership seek to delineate the characteristics of situations and followers and examine the leadershipstyle that can be used effectively.

A leadership style that works in one situation might not work in another situation. There is no one best way of leadership. Discuss.

Briefly describe the difference between the in-group and the out-group in the vertical dyad linkage model of individualized leadership.

What fluid is found in the subarachnoid space?

Which of the following is not an effector tissue of the ANS? skeletal muscle glands Smooth muscle cardiac muscle

Select ALL that apply. Which are the basic cell functions? reproduction move materials within cell contraction and force generation Oform dispersed cells in E.C.M. obtain food and oxygen

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by studying the genetic basis for behavior and theorizing how instincts influence behavior studying implicit motivations for behavior through the use of implicit association tests studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes studying how emotional responses influence behavior while deemphasizing the importance of the subconscious

What does ataraxia mean? A state of calmness, free from anxiety A state of trepidation or fear A state of discontent A state of jubilation

Psychology refers to the systematic study of human interaction experimental study of individuals scientific study of the mind and behavior. empirical study of humanity

Zachary wants to tailor his language to make his generic speech more specific to his audience. How can he use audience analysis to cater his language to his specific audience? He can use concrete language. He can simplify his speech. He can avoid exclusionary language He can use words that reflect the regional dialect of his audience.

Cognitive development: An example of the preoperational child's thinking; if you were to fill a tall beaker with 8 ounces of water this child would think that it was "more" than a short, wide bowl filled with 8 ounces of water. However, concrete operational children can understand the concept of _______ which means that changing one quality (in this example, height or water level) can be compensated for by changes in another quality (width). Conservation Seriation Classification Reversibility

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of an active transport process in which substances can be transferred across the plasma membrane. According to the "animation" in APR, which of the following is a TRUE statement? 1) The Na+/K+ pump is a specialized lipid molecule found in the cell membrane.. 2) The Na+/K* pump is type of carbohydrate that can engulf substances to bring them into the cell. 3) The Nat/K+ pump is a carrier protein in the plasma membrane that can change shape. 4) all of the above

In the experiment on the YouTube video, the egg placed in the solution of corn syrup due to loss of water due to osmosis. The solution the egg was placed into is said to be 1) shrank; hypotonic 2) enlarged, hypotonic 3) shrank; hypertonic 4) enlarged; hypertonic

In the clinical world saline solutions has many uses - rehydrating a patient, irrigation of wounds, removing thick secretions from the airways of someone on ventilation, traumatic brain injuries and even eye drops. Isotonic saline is 0.9%. What could happen if a 3% saline solution is given intravenously? 1) the solution would be hypertonic to the body's cells and the cells would swell. 2) the solution would be hypotonic to the body's cells and the cells would swell. 3) the solution would be hypertonic to the body's cells and the body's cells would shrink. 4) the solution would be hypotonic to the body's cells and the cells would shrink.

During cell respiration a H+ ion gradient is created inside the mitochondria and used to make ATP. Which mitochondrial compartment contains the concentrated H+ ions? cytoplasm outer mitochondrial membrane cytochromes intermembrane space extracellular fluid

Which of the following is NOT a catabolic source of energy to produce ATP? fatty acids acetyl CA amino acids glucose all of the above are catabolic sources of energy

Which of the following is correct about the primary tissues of the body? Organs contain two or more tissue types There are five tissue types Endocrine tissue is found in every organ All organs contain connective tissue and muscle tissue None of the above are correct

Proteins and phospholipids are synthesized in the mitochondria are amphipathic molecules form transmembrane channels spanning through the plasma membrane move laterally throughout the plasma membrane contain enzymes to oxidize toxic molecules

The membrane potential experiences a brief hyperpolarization following the spike of the action potential. What causes the hyperpolarization? voltage gated K+ channels close slowly allowing K+ ions to continue to leave the cell the opening of leaky Na+ channels the Na+/K+ pump briefly reverses the direction of ion flow both Na+ channels and K+ channels become inactivated Na+ and Cl- enter the cell until the Na+/Cl- pump closes

Which type of regulation occurs when the end-product enhances or amplifies the processes that stimulate its own production? feedforward mechanism positive feedback autonomic regulation negative feedback extrinsic control

Which of the following is not broken down and used in the Kreb's cycle? fatty acids cholesterol amino acids glucose pyruvate

During chemiosmosis, energy is released as H+ ions move freely across mitochondrial membranes. ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase. a concentration gradient is generated when large numbers of H+ ions are passively transported from the matrix of the mitochondrion to the mitochondrion's intermembrane space. H+ ions serve as the final electron acceptor. pyruvate is oxidized

Which statement about ATP is true? It contains five phosphate groups. Extremely stable bonds link the second and third phosphate groups. It contains the sugar glucose. It releases energy when one phosphate group leaves ATP. None of the above are true

Which of the following statements about Acetyl CoA is incorrect? oxidation of pyruvate generates acetyl CA acetyl CoA is produced from fatty acid tails high energy electrons and protons are transferred by acetyl CoA to the electron transport chain excess acetyl CoA from starving, dieting, or diabetes is often converted into ketones acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacetate to create citrate in the Kreb's cycle

Which substance(s) will cross the plasma membrane by simple diffusion? a large hydrophilic molecule a small hydrophobic molecule water ions such as Na+ and K+ all the above

Every homeostatic control mechanism includes all the following except a receptor an effector positive feedback an integrating center all the above are included in every homeostatic control system

The citric acid cycle generates the high-energy product acetyl CoA. lactic acid. oxygen. carbon dioxide. NADH.