Plant Physiology - Photosynthesis Questions and Answers

What is the eventual fate of Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate in the Calvin s cycle It fixes carbon dioxide to form 3 phosphoglycerate It is recycled to form Ribulose 1 5 bisphosphate RuBP a 5 carbon compound It is used to form sugars usually glucose by linking to 3 carbon G3P to form a six carbon sugar C6H12O6 forming the final product of photosynthesis Two of these are correct All of these are correct

6 What is the molecular weight of the large subunit of RuB A 14000 Daltons B 55000 Daltons C 37 kDa D 50 kDa 7 Which type of buffer is used during the elution step in ion exchange chromatography to displace proteins from the beads A High pH buffer B Low salt buffer C High salt buffer D Organic solvent 8 What is the purpose of heating samples with sample buffer before protein electrophoresis A To precipitate the proteins B To renature the proteins C To denature the proteins and reduce disulfide bonds D To sterilize the samples True False Questions 1 RuBisCO is an efficient enzyme with high CO2 fixation rates True False Secondary structure of proteins involves hydrogen bonding between polypeptide chains True False 2 In ion exchange chromatography the stationary phase is typically nonpolar True False 3 Proteins can be separated based on their solubility differences using ammonium sulfate precipitation True False Calculation Questions 1 If you have a protein solution of 100 mL how much ammonium sulfate in gram is needed to reach a saturation point of 37 given that the required amount is 210 g L 2 For a 50 saturation of ammonium sulfate how many grams would be neede per liter

What would you expect to happen if you compare the rate of photosynthesis in bright white light and in darkness Multiple Choice O The rate of photosynthesis will not be affected by bright white light or darkness The rate of photosynthesis will be less under bright white light than in darkness The rate of photosynthesis will start slowly under bright white light and then increase in darkness The rate of photosynthesis will remain constant in bright white light and darkness The rate of photosynthesis will be greater in bright white light than in darkness

In paper chromatography photosynthetic pigments from a plant pigment extract will separate due to their Check all that apply Check All That Apply differences in molecular weight differences in solubility in a chromatography transport solution mobile phase differences in affinity for the chromatography paper stationary phase differences in boiling point differences in pH

Multiple Choice O the season of the year O the color of light the color of the leaf the color of light that it reflects the color of light that it absorbs

Different photosynthetic pigments from a plant pigment extract can be separated by Multiple Choice O a respirometer O a capillary tube paper chromatography a barometer

Chlorophyll is the main pigment found in plants Other pigments are also present If these other pigments were lost from a plant but chlorophy remained what effect would this have on the plant Multiple Choice The plant would no longer be able to absorb photons The plant would no longer be able to make NADPH O O The plant would no longer be able to absorb wavelengths of light distinct from the ones absorbed by chlorophyll The plant would no longer be able to make ATP The plant would no longer be able to fix carbon

Match each pigment with its color 1 carotene 4 chlorophyll b 2 chlorophyll a 3 xanthophyll Match each of the options above to the items below yellow orange yellow blue green yellow green

How does a phenol red containing solution look if CO2 level is low Multiple Choice green red O yellow O pink colorless

The primary photosynthetic pigment is Multiple Choice chlorophyll phaeophytin xanthophyll phycobilin

Which of the following is NOT a net final product nor a reactant of photosynthesis Multiple Choice sunlight ATP carbon dioxide oxygen glucose

Lab Data K Volume 02 mL Time min Tube 1 Green Light Tube 2 Green Control Tube 1 Blue Light Tube 2 Blue Control 0 2 7 2 7 2 7 5 2 9 2 4 3 9 10 3 2 5 15 3 2 1 7 6 2227 2 7 2 4 PHASE 4 Calculate rate of volume change and photosynthesis Complete the following steps 1 Calculate rate of volume change for Elodea in green light Record in Lab Data 2 Calculate rate of volume change for 1 7 Elodea in green light in covered tube Record in Lab Data 20 3 4 1 4 7 2 1 4 3 Calculate rate of volume change for Rate of volume change mL hr Elodea in blue light Record in Lab Data Rate of volume change L hr final volume mL initial volume mL Time min How to Calculate Rate of Volume Change Green light 60 min hr 4 Calculate rate of volume change for Elodea in blue light in covered tube Record in Lab Data Blue light 5 Rate of photosynthesis Rate of photosynthesis mL hr mL mL Rate of volume changesighehr Rate of volume change covered 6 hr Calculate rate of photosynthesis for Elodea in green light Record in Lab Data Calculate rate of photosynthesis for Elodea in blue light Record in Lab Data GO TO PHASE 5

In C3 plants carbon fixation occurs in the A cells and the enzyme Rubisco is found in the A cells

A stromatolite resembles an onion in that it is composed of multiple fine layers laminations In a living stromatolite where in this structure is the bacterial matt O in the middle layers only protected from the outside environment O for every layer there is a corresponding matt Oon the bottom layer only on the top layer only

Describe the land plant reproductive cycle and the alternation of generations using a diagram with annotation Upload your diagram

Multiple Choice O O O O O Cells of our kidneys reabsorb water to prevent it from all leaving through our urine Sodium a solute is pumped across a cell to increase its concentration on one side of the cell membrane Glucose a solute is transported from our blood stream across cell membranes and into the cytoplasm A bacterium in the blood stream is engulfed by a white blood cell A broken bottle of perfume is able to be smelled in the air throughout the department store

a How does the process of cellular respiration compare with the process of photosynthesis The process of cellvor respiration occurd in Juitochon chic gluat AID Phodyen the si s guves places in Choled traPlast using light energ so convert Han clactose Both Procod s invarve energy arenormation

What factors limit the rate of photosynthesis Why

Time left 0 28 Match the terms with the appropriate number on the specimen provide below Rhizoids Gemmae cups Sporophyte Thallus 2 Archegoniophore Choose Choose Choose Choose Choose FIRST 3 64 5

O ne linking the 2nd phosphate to the 3rd phosphate The bond linking 1st phosphate to adenine Either of the bonds on the terminal phosphate Question 5 MA In which organisms does glycolysis occur Neither aerobic nor anaerobic organisms Both aerobic and anaerobic organisms Aerobic organisms only Anaerobic organisms only

The hydrolysis breakdown of ATP to ADP is a n reaction unfavorable exergonic endergonic

Question 7 The oxidizing agent during glycolysis is NAD pyruvate NADH

the process of transduction usually begins when when the signal molecule or ligand attaches the receptor protein and changes the receptor in some way after the target cell divides after the third stage of cell signaling is completed when the hormone is released from the gland into the blood

The phenotypic ratio resulting from a DIHYBRID showing independent assortment is expected to and the phenotypic ratio resulting from a MONOHYBRID cross showing independent assortment is expected to be be 3 1 9 3 3 1 9 3 3 13 1

Questions 7 13 refer to the following summary diagram of photosynthesis Examine the diagram thoroughly and identify each one of the numbered components Hint it might be beneficial to NOT identify them in numerical order rather focus on things you know like what goes in and what comes out of each stage as you summarized listed in questions 4 6 Light Reactions 7 1 represents 8 2 represents 9 3 represents 10 4 represents 11 5 represents 12 6 represents 13 7 represents 5 NADP Calvin cycle glucose

6 Fill in the table below Are the compounds Photosystem I Photosystem II The Calvin cycle listed here used or produced in Glucose 0 CO H O ATP ADP P NADPH NADP

Exercise 1 Download and listen to the Photosynthesis lecture posted in Canvas For this exercise you need to submit YOUR written notes taken from this lecture Headings in your notes should include the slide number followed by the notes taken for that slide These notes should be detailed Exercise II Complete the following activity using your textbook and notes from the Photosynthesis lecture from class as instructed in above in exercise I 1 Define autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition 2 Write the definition for photosynthesis and provide a summary equation 3 Explain the role of redox reactions in photosynthesis 4 Summarize the two main stages of photosynthesis 5 Fill in the table below a What is are the overall function s of photosystem I b What is are the overall function s of photosystem II c What is are the overall function s of the Calvin cycle

20 7pts What is the limiting reagent during glycolysis under anaerobic conditions Describe the pathway by which this reagent is replenished under anaerobic conditions in yeast Provide the chemical structure s and enzyme name s

As pyruvate is converted to ethanol the following statement is true pyruvate is reduced to ethanol and NAD is oxidized to NADH pyruvate is oxidized to ethanol and NADH is oxidized to NAD O pyruvate is reduced to ethanol and NADH is oxidized to NAD O pyruvate is oxidized to ethanol and NAD is reduced to NADH

Which statement is the most true O triose phosphate isomerase is not used during gluconeogenesis in humans lactate lactic acid is formed as part of a reaction to regenerate NAD O An increase in 2 6 fructosebisphosphate would decrease phosphofructokinase activ PEP carboxykinase is an enzyme necessary for glycogenolysis

The light independent reactions of photosynthesis are those that O convert glucose into energy convert chlorophylls into light energy convert water into hydrogen and oxygen convert CO2 into reduced molecules sugars occur only at night

9 10 ATP Takes place 7 makes 11 Photosynthesis Light Dependent Uses oxygen Photosynthesis 8 Takes plate in 2 6060 3 ADP P Uses 5 makes 535 6 glucose 1 A ATP B Carbon Dioxide C NADP D Calvin cycle E Photosystem I

16 The following figure is generated from data collected from an experiment in which the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration MIC of a series of antiseptics and disinfectants was determined against Staphylococcus aureus Gram positive E coli Gram negative and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gram negative Use the figure below to determine which of the following statements is TRUE TABLE 6 MIC of some antiseptics and disinfectants against gram positive and gram negative bacteria Chemical agent Benzalkonium chloride Benzethonium chloride Cetrimide Chlorhexidine Hexachlorophene Phenol o Phenylphenol Propamine isethionate Dibromopropamidine isethionate Triclosan S aureus 0 5 0 5 4 0 5 1 0 5 2 000 100 2 1 0 1 MIC ng ml for E coli P aeruginosa 50 32 16 1 12 5 2 000 500 64 4 5 250 250 64 128 5 60 250 2 000 1 000 256 32 300 Based on references 226 and 440 MICs of cationic agents for some MRSA strains may be higher see Table 10 a Generally lower concentrations of disinfectants antiseptics are necessary to kill Gram positive organisms when compared to Gram negative organisms b E coli is resistant to Triclosan c Cetrimide is not an effective disinfectant d Hexachlorophene is bacteriostatic for Gram positive organisms but bacteriocidal when used against Gram negative organisms 17 Which best describes microaerophiles a They require both atmospheric oxygen and CO levels to grow b They cannot grow in the presence of oxygen c They can grow in the presence of oxygen but will not use oxygen d They require oxygen to grow but the levels must lower than the concentration typically

Click and drag on elements in order Order the complexes in the electron transport chain from first electrons enter to last electrons exit Start at the top i Instructions NADH dehydrogenase The cytochrome oxidase complex The bc complex

regenerates NADH from NAD regenerates NAD from NADH generates ATP O produces acetyl CoA Question 16 1 point Saved 4 Usten Which of the following is NOT true of the citric acid cycle it serves to provide a majority of reduced coenzymes to the electron transport system it produces CO2 it serves to produce a small amount of ATP All of the above is true

The chemiosmotic model of ATP synthesis is based on each of the following lines of experimental evidence except artificial proton gradients established by addition of acid can drive ATP synthesis in the absence of electron transport the proton gradient established by electron transport has enough energy to drive ATP synthesis electron transport causes protons to be pumped out of the mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation does not require a membrane enclosed compartment

The sequential process of fatty acid catabolism to acetyl CoA is called the citric acid cycle the glyoxylate cycle the oxidative phosphorylation pathway the B oxidation pathway

Regarding oxidative phosphorylation all is true EXCEPT ATP synthesis is dependent on electron transport uncouplers allow continued electron transport in the absence of ATP synthesis electron transport is dependent on ATP synthesis it involves the creation of a proton pump gradient

Consider the three phases of glycolysis 1 preparation and cleavage Gly 1 to Gly 5 2 oxidation Gly 6 to Gly 7 3 pyruvate formation Gly 8 to Gly 10 Which of these phases produces ATP 01 1 and 2 O2 and 3 0

During aerobic cellular respiration which of the following substances directly donates hydrogens to the electron transport chain at the lowest energy level O FAD FADH O NADH NAD O Pyruvate

Most of the energy that enters the electron transport chain enters as O ATP NADH and FADH none of the answers is correct AcetlyCo A glucose

If we want to stop global warming what should we do We should decrease We should increase How is carbon cycled throughout the atmosphere

Can you please make a question about glycolysis in boday and answer it in your own words

Can the citric acid cycle be simplified or broken down into fewer steps

From 1 Acetly Co A what is produced O1 glucose O 2ATP 2NADH and 3 ATP O 1ATP 1FADH2 3NADH O 2ATP 2FADH2 6NADH

the proton gradient established by electron transport has enough energy to drive ATP synthesis True False Question 19 0 5 points Listen acetyl CoA is a product of the citric acid cycle True False Question 20 0 5 points Listen As pyruvate is prepared for the citric acid cycle it undergoes a process of oxidative decarboxylation

Which will produce more ATP Pyruvate oxidation Krebs cycle Oxidative phosphorylation Glycolysis Question 2 0 5 points 1 Listen How many NADH and FADH2 will enter the ETC from 1 molecule of glucose 6 NADH 2FADH2 6 NADH 1 FADH2 10NADH 2 FADH2 10 NADH 1 FADH2

ATP synthase in part of the fedrmentation electron transport chain glycolysis citric cycle

Photosynthesis

Frequency 0 8 0 6 0 4 0 2 0 Generation 5 1 Allele and Phenotype Frequencies 2 3 Generation 4 5 Red Allele Blue Allele Red Phenotype Purple Phenotype Blue Phenotype A