Human Physiology - Circulatory System Questions and Answers

Please help with finding where the veins and arteries come from and enters into You can label the chart into three categories artery comes from and enters into The arteries we are looking at are Abdominal aorta celiac truck hepatic gastric splenic superior mesenteric right and left adrenolumbar right Left renal lumbar inferior mesenteric right left llolumbar Rt LT external Illiac Rt Lt internal Iliac medial sacral Rt Lt deep femoral Rt Lt femoral Rt Lt popliteal Rt Lt saphenous Identify where the inferior veins comes from and enters into The veins we are looking at are inferior vena cava right left adrenolumbar right and left renal right left greater saphenous right left Iliolumbar right left common iliac Rt Lt external iliac Rt Lt internal iliac Rt Lt deep femoral Rt Lt popliteal Rt Lt femoral and hepatic portal system

Please help with finding where the veins and arteries come from and enters into You can label the chart into three categories artery comes from and enters into The arteries we are looking at are Abdominal aorta celiac truck hepatic gastric splenic superior mesenteric right and left adrenolumbar right Left renal lumbar inferior mesenteric right left llolumbar Rt LT external Illiac Rt Lt internal Iliac medial sacral Rt Lt deep femoral Rt Lt femoral Rt Lt popliteal Rt Lt saphenous Identify where the inferior veins comes from and enters into The veins we are looking at are inferior vena cava right left adrenolumbar right and left renal right left greater saphenous right left Iliolumbar right left common iliac Rt Lt external iliac Rt Lt internal iliac Rt Lt deep femoral Rt Lt popliteal Rt Lt femoral and hepatic portal system

4 List tissue that result from each germ layer

Oxygen rich blood flows through the heart O by entering the right atrium and continuing through the aortic arch on the left side of the heart following returning from the lungs via the pulmonary arteries right to left via the left atrium and ventricle before entering the systemic circuit only through the coronary arteries

3 With Scional 2020 Case Study A Fatal Hazing in College Adapted from a true story It was John s first day of college at Richmond University in California With his class schedule in hand he walked across campus to his English class He was feeling a bit nervous but the fact that he made friends with a few other guys in his dorm that had the same English class helped calm him When he got to class he saw his friends and sat next to them They were holding bright orange papers that read Pledge Beta Kappa in bold font across the top John asked one his friends Eric what they were looking at Next week is Rush Week all the sororities and fraternities are handing these out replied Eric We are all planning on rushing for Beta Kappa replied his other friend Sam Eric handed John a pledge paper John read the information listed about Beta Kappa From the flier it seemed that Beta Kapps was active in the community and had several connections to local hospitals for volunteer opportunities which interested John who had already declared his major as sports medicine With this information John decided that he would give Rush Week a try On Friday September 3rd John joined his friends and several other new pledges at the Beta Kappa fraternity house They were welcomed into the frat house and given a tour by the president of the fraternity Robert During the tour Robert gave an extensive history of the fraternity citing facts about the house and even mentioning some celebrities and politicians who were once members As the night progressed they got to meet the rest of the members of the fraternity and to John it seemed that all was going well At around 10 pm Robert told the new pledges that he wanted to show them the basement where they would perform the pledging ceremony As they headed to the basement they saw fraternity members collecting the phones of the new pledges It was at this moment that John began to feel uncomfortable and turned to his friend Eric Do you think we should do this asked John Something doesn t feel right he continued Don t worry every fraternity does something They will probably just play a prank on us Eric replied John not fully consoled by Eric started down the stairs When they reached the bottom of the staircase they saw nothing but the unfinished bare walls and concrete floor that surrounded them John heard a sound from the corner and saw Robert standing there Welcome to Hell Week this is where you will be staying for the next few nights pledges We will test your mental and physical stamina to determine who will become a member of Beta Kappa John turned to Eric worried about what was to come Eric reassured John Seriously don t worry the worst they re going to do is make us sleep here in the cold without beds Robert addressed the group again The first test is a physical test Each one of you pledges must perform 200 push ups and 200 sit ups back to back Hesitantly the pledges got on the ground and began exercising Robert continued to shout out rules as the pledges worked they could not have water they could not take a break and they were not allowed to leave to use the restroom If any one of you pledges cannot follow these rules you will be punished continued Robert Robert went into another corner of the basement and came back to the group carrying a hose John wanted out of this hell and looked up the staircase only to see members of the fraternity guarding it It took over an hour for each pledge to finish the exercises Some pledges took breaks which caused Robert to spray each member with the hose It was cold dark and now wet in the basement When the exercises were complete Eric turned to John and sighed relieved This should be it and then we can finally leave Little did they know this was only the start of the night The next phase of the night is the mental test Robert stated to the soaking wet pledges Earlier in the night we did a tour of the house Let s see how many of you can remember what was covered Several fraternity members came down the staircase holding 5 gallon jugs of water Each pledge received one jug Each of you must drink from the jug of water if you answer a question wrong If you finish your jug we will refill it Robert motioned to another fraternity member standing in the room to get the hose The questions were rapid fire the pledges only had seconds to respond or else they had to drink their water During this test John lost all sense of time He had answered many questions incorrectly which caused a fraternity member to refill his jug of water The questions seemed to never end and they became increasingly non related to the fraternity house Confused tired and cold John refused to drink another sip A fraternity member came over to him and shouted at him to chug his water and feeling helpless and confused John did It was at this moment that Eric looked over to see John collapse on the ground John began to shake violently in an apparent seizure Eric shouted for someone to call 911 John was rushed to a nearby hospital and taken to the intensive care unit John had consumed nearly 10 gallons of water over the course of 2 hours As soon as he arrived at the hospital the doctors gave him an IV containing a sodium solution It was too late however Only hours after arriving at the hospital John went into cardiac arrest and died In the autopsy report the medical examiner determined the cause of death as cerebral edema or swelling of the tissue in the brain due to hyponatremia which is water intoxication Analysis Questions 1 What problem did drinking nearly 10 gallons of water create in John s body 2 Define osmosis What happened to John s brain cells hint connect to tonicity

Arrange the sentences in order describing the events that occur during the operation of the sodium potassium pump Three sodium ions are released from the protein pump The phosphate is released from the protein pump Two potassium ions are released into the interior of the cell The sodium potassium pump is open toward the cell interior and three sodium ions bind the protein pump The protein pump with the potassium ions attached opens to the cell interior ATP binds releases a phosphate which binds to the protein pump and the protein pump opens toward the exterior of the cell Two potassium ions bind to the protein pump

IF a person increases his or her activity level THEN there heat rate will increase cue increased need for oxygen 1202 heart the beely cells BECAUSE his bedly muscles cells will require mere exigen to function at a higher level

What happens to a person s heart rate as that person increases his or her activity level Information Research Take some time to gather information on heart rates and how why they fluctuate as a person s activity level changes You should list the information below

Which of the following events occur during the inflammatory process Effector cells secrete cytokines in response to invading bacteria All of these events occur during inflammation Local endothelium becomes leaky None of these events occurs during the inflammatory process O Vasodilation of local blood vessels

the path of lymph as it moves from 10 Describ the tissues back to the bloodstream Draw a graph illustrating how the oxygen concentration in the blood changes as the blood moves around the body Choose the axes of the graph to reflect the variables being considered 11

244 Review Sheet 18 Hepatic Portal Circulation 15 What is the source of blood in the hepatic portal system lood drained Viscera from 16 Why is this blood carried to the liver before it enters the systemic circulation Because the blood from these Omgans is rich in nutrient alcohol protentially toxic substances that the liver needs to metabolize neutralise and detoxify 17 The hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of a which drains the and b Pal drains the Structure and curvature of the stomach empties directly into the hepatic portal vein 18 Trace the flow of a drop of blood from the small intestine to the right atrium of the heart noting all structures encountered or passed through on the way Umbilical artery Umbilical vein Fetal Circulation 19 For each of the following structures first indicate its function in the fetus and then note its fate what happens to it or what it is converted to after birth Circle the blood vessel that carries the most oxygen rich blood Ductus venosus The Ductus arteriosus Foramen ovale the digestive Function in fetus Carry cleoxygenated blood from fetal circulation to Placental 20 What organ serves as a respiratory digestive excretory organ for the fetus which vein which drains the lesser Fate Placenta

Adrenaline also known as epinephrine is a hormone involved in the fight or flight re sponse When released into the bloodstream glycogen in the liver is broken down into glu cose to be used for energy by the cells Which of the following describes the role of adrenaline in the fight or flight response A B C D Adrenaline is taken into the cell by pinocytosis glycogen is broken down into glucose within the endocytic vesicle Adrenaline binds to a surface receptor the receptor breaks down glycogen to glucose Adrenaline binds to a surface receptor the receptor then stimulates the production of the second messenger CAMP which ultimately signals the breakdown of glycogen stored inside liver cells Adrenaline is taken into the cell using transport proteins and then dimerizes in the cytosol

Hemoglobin is a protein that binds oxygen in the lungs for its transport through the circula tory system to other cells in the body The mechanism by which hemoglobin binds the oxy gen is similar to the way that enzymes bind their substrates Carbon monoxide acts as a high affinity competitive inhibitor to oxygen and prevents it from binding to hemoglobin One of the first treatments in cases of carbon monoxide poi soning is the direct and prolonged supply of oxygen which increases the concentration of oxygen in the lungs Which of the following statements best predicts the effect of increasing the concentration of oxygen after exposure to carbon monoxide A B C D Competitive inhibition will decrease because the proportion of the binding sites occu pied by the oxygen will increase There will be an increase in carbon monoxide binding because the affinity of hemoglo bin will increase Competitive inhibition will cease because oxygen will bind to carbon monoxide and stop the competitive inhibition The bonds between the R groups in the binding site of the hemoglobin will become de natured decreasing its affinity

28 Which type of vessel normally contains valves that prevent the backward flow of materials A arteriole C capillary B artery Medi D vein 29 The concentration of oxygen is highest in the blood flowing through the A pulmonary vein B inferior vena cava C pulmonary artery D superior vena cava 30 Which condition has been linked to a diet that is high in saturated fats A arthritis B emphysema C angina pectoris D mental retardation

Base your answers to questions 8 through 10on the diagrams below which represent three common types of blood vessels and on your knowledge of biology A 1 10 Through occur A 1 2 8 Which vessel would normally contain the highest systolic and diastolic blood pressure A 1 B 2 C 3 9 Which vessel contains valves and transports blood back to the heart b E 3 B 2 GO B 2 C 3 the walls of which vessel does gas exchange C 3

6 The movement of blood from the legs toward the heart is hindered by gravity The effect of gravity is counteracted by A valves in the veins B cilia lining the blood vessels C smooth muscle in the capillaries D lymph nodes near maior vessels