Cell Cycle and Cell Division Questions and Answers

3 What is the role of the embedded proteins and how do they complete their job Hint they have 6 jobs at least 4 Identify what is the Fluid Mosaic Model of cell membranes and describe how it functions Use steroids cholesterol and glycoproteins in your response 5 Skill practice Which model best represents the structure of a plasma membrane in a nonaqueous environment with a cytosol environment similar to living cells

Can you make two question about neurons and cell signaling and answer it in ur own wrd un 2 paragraph T

Answer the following questions This portion constitutes 25 of this total lab 1 Compare and contrast the process of mitosis and meiosis This response will require at least 10 sentences and a full explanation I

Aneuploidy occurs as a result of which of the following O Nondisjunction during meiosis O Failure of meiosis in a germ cell O Failure of the first cleavage division

growth in meat Natamycin Sorbic acid Nisin Nitrites Question 7 Carbon dioxide is a supercritical gas what does it do to microbes O It inhibits cell wall synthesis It creates thymine dimers 0 5 pts

The sequence between two potential stop codons is an open reading frame ORF Upon closer examination of the RNA sequence from the previous questions you determine the presence of an ORF that may encode for a putative protein which is 600 amino acid residues long How long is the ORF Open reading frame a stretch of DNA or RNA which is uninterrupted by a stop codon and may therefore encode for a protein Questions How many times do we need to tell you to stop 1 through 5 27 bases 83 bases 2 500 bases 600 bases 1 800 bases 259 bases 200 bases

is a drug that blocks cell division by stabilizing microtubules as a result it is used in the treatment of Taxol breast cancer Vincristine listeriosis Nocodazole athlete s foot

Dynamic assembly and disassembly of a cytoplasmic microtubule in a cell occurs primarily at its plus end because its minus end is usually anchored to a basal body a mitochondrial outer membrane a microtubule organizing center the plasma membrane

II Observing Chromosomes Mitosis and Cytokinesis in Animal Cells In this exercise you will observe chromosomes and the stages of mitotic division in whitefish blastula cells You will also compare these chromosomes with the plant chromosomes studied in Exercise III Chromosome structure in animals and plants is basically the same in that both have centromeres and arms However plant chromosomes are generally larger than animal chromosomes Interphase Mitosis Prophase Mitosis Metaphase Mitosis Anaphase Mitosis Telophase Cytokinesis 1

Part B Melosis I Modeling Meiosis Draw out meiosis for a 2n 6 cell Do not draw crossing over recombination Meiosis I Prophase I Each chromosome is duplicated forming a tetrad Crossing over occurs Metaphase I The tetrad aligns in the center of the cell Anaphase I The homologous chromosomes split up Telophase I Sister chromatids reach separate poles Cytokinesis Cell division forms two cells Meiosis II Prophase II Chromosomes move to middle of the cell Metaphase II The sister chromatids align in the center of the cell Anaphase II The sister chromatids are split up Telophase II One chromatic reaches each cellular pole Cytokinesis Cell division of each of the two cells from Meiosis I results in four total haploid cells

1 Look at prepared slides Observing Mitosis and Cytokinesis in Plan Cells The root tip of plants is an area of rapid cell division Using the microscopes available in the lab examine an Allium Onion Root Tip slide to see cells undergoing mitosis You will probably want to start by examining your slide at 40x magnification then 100x and 400x Find cells that are in each of the following cellular stages and sketch what they look like You will probably want to examine cells at 400x magnification for this exercise Interphase Mitosis Prophase Mitosis Metaphase Mitosis Anaphase Mitosis Telophase Cytokinesis 1

I Definitions Using your textbook define each of the following cellular stages of interphase mitosis and cytokinesis and describe the appearance of the cell and what is happening to the cellular DNA at each stage 1 Interphase II Mitosis A Prophase B Metaphase c Anaphase D Telophase III Cytokinesis Laboratory Objectives After completing this lab topic you should be able to 1 Describe the activities of chromosomes and microtubules in the cell cycle including all phases of mitosis and meiosis 2 Identify the phases of mitosis in root tip and whitefish blastula cells 4 Describe differences in mitosis and cytokinesis in plant and animal cells 5 Describe differences in mitosis and meiosis Introduction The nuclei in cells of eukaryotic organisms contain chromosomes with clusters of genes discrete units of hereditary information consisting of double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid DNA Structural proteins in the chromosomes organize the DNA and participate in DNA folding and condensation When cells divide chromosomes and genes are duplicated and passed on to daughter cells Single celled organisms divide for reproduction Multicellular organisms have reproductive cells eggs or sperm but they also have somatic body cells that divide for growth or

Eukaryotic cells spend most of their cell cycle in which phase O interphase O telophase O prophase O metaphase

Crossing over happens O Both meiosis and mitosis O Mitosis O Meiosis 1 O Melosis 2

The frequency of sickle cell traits differs between Western Central Africa and African Americans SCT in US 8 10 SCT in W C Africa 15 28 Yet African Americans are descended from W C Africans at on average 84 African and 16 European ancestry Can you use the General Model of Selection to explain the differences between the frequencies of these two groups If so should the simulation that demonstrates how this could have occurred Hint consider the environmental differences between the United States and West Central African nations

O 15 Explain how the cells resulting from meiasis are not identical

7 Iustrate the phases of meiasis 1 And meiosis 2

O 13 Describe the differences in chromatid cohesin in melosis and mitosis

12 Ilustrate the differences between chromosome behavior in mitosis and melosis

11 Describe the distinct features of meiosis

O 10 Explain the consequence of errors in meiosis

5 Explain the process of synapsis

4 Describe how homologous Chromosomes pair during meiosis

7 One goal of pedigree analysis is to determine what diseases a family will display if two people are related a b C gene loci whether a gene has a dominant or recessive pattern of d inheritance e what treatment a person should undergo

rning Objectives 1 Distinguish between diploid and haploid cells

15 Explain the role of caks in the cell cycle control system

14 Distinguish the role of Chuck points in the control of the cell cycle

10 Distinguish between the 5 phases of mitosis

11 Illustrate the phases of mitosis

O 9 Describe the events that take place during interphase

Synaptonemal E complex Centromere Homologues Sister chromatids Kinetochore 12 E Image Description

Products of meiosis I in a frog A geneticist examines the karyotype of a diploid cell from a particular species of frog and determines that 12 chromosomes are present If a germ line cell from this species divides by meiosis then at the end of meiosis I each cell will have Check all that apply Check All That Apply 12 centromeres 12 chromatids 6 chromosomes

Sister chromatids are joined by centrosomes Onucleosomes O centrioles centromeres

1 2 PHASE 2 Phases of micrograp Complete the Match micr micrograph meiosis I b the images stained red Select Veri

I Anaphase I Telophase I Cytokinesis 1 2 PHASE 2 Phases of mei micrographs Complete the follo Match microsco micrographs to meiosis I by re c the images chro stained red Select Verify to

RATORY SIMULATION

83 A 1 2 3 Phases of m whiteboard Complete the fo Place the sket undergoing m by moving the whiteboard Place each na under correct names into the whiteboard Select Verify t

KRANKOS Meiosis V 1 VAG Prophase II Germ line cell Meiosis II 6 Meiosis I Do not replicate Chromosomes Anaphase II These four along the bottom go in stage specific order Synapsis and crossing over 2 Gametes 5 A Diploid B Metaphase I C Prophase D Telophase II E Anaphase I F Haploid G Metaphase II Homologous pairs align 3 Separate homologous pairs 4 Telophase I

Question 3 x is the two word name of the process happening below Spelling counts A b B C C C a C C a C C C a C

91 Question 2 Chromosome Duplication and Segregation Name and discuss the two chromosomal sequences structures areas and their functions whose job it is to ensure that the duplication and number of chromosomes are kept constant from one generation of the cell to the next Hint we ve briefly discussed them this week and in Topic 6 and they are required for DNA replication and chromosome segregation

Match the type of information with the fibers that carry it You stub your toe and feel pain 3000 You realize that you need to pee You scratch your head Your pupils dilate 1 somatic sensory division 2 visceral sensory division 3 somatic motor division 4 visceral motor division

Which cranial nerve sends fibers through the ethmoid bone OI olfactory OII optic III oculomotor VII facial

19 The image to the below illustrates O interphase O All of the above O Metaphase Cytokinesis n

Match the term with the appropriate defininition example The form of cell replication that takes place with bacteria This process typically occurs with the formation of rings made of FtsZ protein at the center of bacterial cells A Condensin B GO C Septation D Chromatin E Cancer F Karyotype DNA plus the histones DNA is wrapped around is called and makes up chromosomes G Centromere H Binary Fission Includes 2 SMC proteins for careful DNA looping The primary growth phase of the cell 1 46 J G1 The phase of the cell cycle in which the cytoplasm divides K Aster producing 2 daughter cells L Cytokinesis M Spindle N Tubulin O Cyclins 199 9090909090 How many chromosomes not pairs do human body cells possess An image or array of chromosomes found within a cell is known as this A resting state in the cell cycle The point of constriction on the chromosome that contains repeated DNA sequences The protein that forms microtubules The specialized arrangement of microtubules during mitosis The special proteins that are produced during the early divisions of embryos that help regulate cell cycle This checkpoint ensures that all of the chromosomes are attached to the spindles in preparation for anaphase Unrestrained uncontrolled growth of cells in animal cells

Question 1 Place the stages of mitosis in order starting with Interphase Prophase Interphase Telophase Anaphase Metaphase

You should buy an iPhone They re great I bought last year and it has given me nothing but flawless performance Begging the question O Faulty Analogy O Hasty Generalization Slippery Slope

President Obama says the tax increase is for revenue enhancement The phrase revenue enhancement is a O Euphemism O Hasty Generalization O Dysphemism WAPEN for tax increase

Genetic drift resulting from a disaster that drastically reduces population size is called natural selection gene flow the bottleneck effect the founder effect

What are the implications of mutations occurring in somatic cells versus gametes

How do we categorize the typ occur in the DNA