Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination Questions and Answers

How is a signal preserved when it has to travel a long distance to the effector muscle
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
How is a signal preserved when it has to travel a long distance to the effector muscle
How is a signal preserved when it has to travel a long distance to the effector muscle
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
How is a signal preserved when it has to travel a long distance to the effector muscle
How do neurons facilitate cell signaling and what role do neurotransmitters play in the transmission of signals between neurons otwork
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
How do neurons facilitate cell signaling and what role do neurotransmitters play in the transmission of signals between neurons otwork
Na channels open K channels open Na channels closed K channels open Na channels open K channels closed Na channels closed K channels closed rising phase resting potential Membrane potential mV 501 50 100 Time falling phase 1 dundershoot resting potential
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Na channels open K channels open Na channels closed K channels open Na channels open K channels closed Na channels closed K channels closed rising phase resting potential Membrane potential mV 501 50 100 Time falling phase 1 dundershoot resting potential
There are many different types of nerve cells that allow our bodies to function One such cell ar astrocytes Please explain the function of astrocytes why this function is vital and how these cells accomplish this function
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
There are many different types of nerve cells that allow our bodies to function One such cell ar astrocytes Please explain the function of astrocytes why this function is vital and how these cells accomplish this function
the definitions below with a term from the list given The dura mater that protects the brain is the touch outer layer The layer that protects the brain The meninges is the middle cushioning is the inner layer of the
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
the definitions below with a term from the list given The dura mater that protects the brain is the touch outer layer The layer that protects the brain The meninges is the middle cushioning is the inner layer of the
Regarding behavioral therapy which of the following statements is FALSE In systematic desensitization the goal is to use relaxation as an incompatible response to fear in order to weaken the bonds between the frightening st and the fear response Behavior therapy is also referred to as behavior modification Since behavior therapy is focused on directly changing problem behaviors it tends to be relatively brief compared to other forms of therapy Aversive conditioning uses principles of operant conditioning to help people extinguish undesirable behaviors Gradual exposure can help people overcome specific phobias social phobias and post traumatic stress disorder
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Regarding behavioral therapy which of the following statements is FALSE In systematic desensitization the goal is to use relaxation as an incompatible response to fear in order to weaken the bonds between the frightening st and the fear response Behavior therapy is also referred to as behavior modification Since behavior therapy is focused on directly changing problem behaviors it tends to be relatively brief compared to other forms of therapy Aversive conditioning uses principles of operant conditioning to help people extinguish undesirable behaviors Gradual exposure can help people overcome specific phobias social phobias and post traumatic stress disorder
O centers of gray matter deep to the cortex tracts of white matter connecting different cortical centers collections of synapses along afferent sensory pathways collections of cell bodies in the brain stem Question 24 1 point Which brain area contains nuclei responsible for heart rate breathing rate and alertness the cerebellum the basal nuclei the reticular formation
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
O centers of gray matter deep to the cortex tracts of white matter connecting different cortical centers collections of synapses along afferent sensory pathways collections of cell bodies in the brain stem Question 24 1 point Which brain area contains nuclei responsible for heart rate breathing rate and alertness the cerebellum the basal nuclei the reticular formation
dopaminergic cholinergic serotonergic adrenergic Question 30 1 point Which part of the retina gives you your best vision the choroid the ora serrata the fovea centralis the optic disc
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
dopaminergic cholinergic serotonergic adrenergic Question 30 1 point Which part of the retina gives you your best vision the choroid the ora serrata the fovea centralis the optic disc
What happens to the neuron s membr depolarization hyperpolarization no change in membrane potential Orepolarization Question 8 1 point Most neurons are this type of neuron Opseudounipolar multipolar
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Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
What happens to the neuron s membr depolarization hyperpolarization no change in membrane potential Orepolarization Question 8 1 point Most neurons are this type of neuron Opseudounipolar multipolar
Numerous Xenopus cells were exposed to varying amounts of ultraviolet light Som of the resulting cells were observed to lack nucleoli As a result one would expect that the cell could not synthesize ribosomal RNA Operform cellular respiration perform photosynthesis replicate its DNA
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Numerous Xenopus cells were exposed to varying amounts of ultraviolet light Som of the resulting cells were observed to lack nucleoli As a result one would expect that the cell could not synthesize ribosomal RNA Operform cellular respiration perform photosynthesis replicate its DNA
What is a recombinant or transgenic organism human cell DNA nucleus F O plasmid insulin gene recombinant DNA transgenic bacterium with plasmid containing insulin gene The ability for bacteria to secrete human insulin Recombinant bacteria gain ability to secrete human insulin O No answer text provided insulin An organism s DNA has been inserted into the DNA sequence of a different species An organism unicellular or multicellular that has received recombinant DNA
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
What is a recombinant or transgenic organism human cell DNA nucleus F O plasmid insulin gene recombinant DNA transgenic bacterium with plasmid containing insulin gene The ability for bacteria to secrete human insulin Recombinant bacteria gain ability to secrete human insulin O No answer text provided insulin An organism s DNA has been inserted into the DNA sequence of a different species An organism unicellular or multicellular that has received recombinant DNA
For each statement choose whether it applies to rods or cones 1000 do not work in the dark yield color vision give high resolution vision yield black and white vision cannot work in bright light present at the fovea centralis yield fuzzy vision 1 rods 2 cones
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
For each statement choose whether it applies to rods or cones 1000 do not work in the dark yield color vision give high resolution vision yield black and white vision cannot work in bright light present at the fovea centralis yield fuzzy vision 1 rods 2 cones
Figure 14 1 illustrates a reflex arc directing which organ O the stomach O the eye O the heart the liver
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Figure 14 1 illustrates a reflex arc directing which organ O the stomach O the eye O the heart the liver
Looking at figure 13 12 which type of mechanoreceptor is found in the dermal papilla Ofree nerve endings O Merkel cell fibers O tactile corpuscles Ruffini endings
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Looking at figure 13 12 which type of mechanoreceptor is found in the dermal papilla Ofree nerve endings O Merkel cell fibers O tactile corpuscles Ruffini endings
According to figure 13 11 open mechanically gated channels allow which type of ion to enter the neuron O potassium O sodium O chloride O calcium
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
According to figure 13 11 open mechanically gated channels allow which type of ion to enter the neuron O potassium O sodium O chloride O calcium
The posterior root ganglion contains cell bodies of neurons 111 O pseudounipolar motor O multipolar motor multipolar sensory
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
The posterior root ganglion contains cell bodies of neurons 111 O pseudounipolar motor O multipolar motor multipolar sensory
Which nerve innervates both the quadriceps muscle group and the skin over the patella the tibial nerve the sciatic nerve the femoral nerve
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Which nerve innervates both the quadriceps muscle group and the skin over the patella the tibial nerve the sciatic nerve the femoral nerve
Spinal nerve plexuses are formed out of O anterior roots O anterior rami O posterior roots O posterior rami
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Spinal nerve plexuses are formed out of O anterior roots O anterior rami O posterior roots O posterior rami
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm Othe phrenic nerve O the vagus nerve O the musculocutaneous nerve the sciatic nerve
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm Othe phrenic nerve O the vagus nerve O the musculocutaneous nerve the sciatic nerve
A network of spinal nerves is a nerve O plexus O triad O system O division
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
A network of spinal nerves is a nerve O plexus O triad O system O division
Which cranial nerve is the longest O II optic OV trigeminal O VII facial vagus
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Which cranial nerve is the longest O II optic OV trigeminal O VII facial vagus
A fascicle of axons is covered by O endoneurium O perineurium
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
A fascicle of axons is covered by O endoneurium O perineurium
Most nerves fall into this category O motor O sensory mixed
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Most nerves fall into this category O motor O sensory mixed
Which division of the peripheral nervous system is also known as the Autonomic Nervous System somatic sensory division O visceral sensory division Osomatic motor division visceral motor division
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Which division of the peripheral nervous system is also known as the Autonomic Nervous System somatic sensory division O visceral sensory division Osomatic motor division visceral motor division
Which one of the following functions of CSF allows CSF to protect the brain from its own weight OCSF helps regulate electrolyte levels within the brain CSF allows the brain to float OCSF removes wastes CSF maintains a constant temperature within the cranial cavity
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Which one of the following functions of CSF allows CSF to protect the brain from its own weight OCSF helps regulate electrolyte levels within the brain CSF allows the brain to float OCSF removes wastes CSF maintains a constant temperature within the cranial cavity
Ependymal cells are a type of neuroglia One of the functions of ependymal cells is to produce CSF from fluid that leaks out of the choroid plexus Where does CSF production occur in the ventricles in the epidural space O in the arachnoid granulations the dural sinuses O
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Ependymal cells are a type of neuroglia One of the functions of ependymal cells is to produce CSF from fluid that leaks out of the choroid plexus Where does CSF production occur in the ventricles in the epidural space O in the arachnoid granulations the dural sinuses O
Name the two structures of the brain that are directly concerned with maintaining your body s homeostasis the hypothalamus the reticular formation the thalamus the cerebellum
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Name the two structures of the brain that are directly concerned with maintaining your body s homeostasis the hypothalamus the reticular formation the thalamus the cerebellum
If you cut the brain in the midline between the two halves of the thalamus what structure do you cut through between those two halves the corpus callosum the hypothalamus the third ventricle the fourth ventricle
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
If you cut the brain in the midline between the two halves of the thalamus what structure do you cut through between those two halves the corpus callosum the hypothalamus the third ventricle the fourth ventricle
look at the inferior surface of the brain anterior to the optic chiasm pull apart the frontal parietal and temporal lobes make a midline incision through the corpus callosum follow the brainstem up from the sihinal cord
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
look at the inferior surface of the brain anterior to the optic chiasm pull apart the frontal parietal and temporal lobes make a midline incision through the corpus callosum follow the brainstem up from the sihinal cord
If you were to pull the cerebral cortex into the shape of a blanket rather than all of the ups and downs of gyri and sulci how big would it be 1 square foot 2 5 square feet 5 square feet 10 square feet
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
If you were to pull the cerebral cortex into the shape of a blanket rather than all of the ups and downs of gyri and sulci how big would it be 1 square foot 2 5 square feet 5 square feet 10 square feet
Place the events of the action potential in order voltage gated potassium channels open potassium channels re set themselves voltage gated sodium channels open local potential depolarization of the trigger zone sodium channels re set themselves
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Place the events of the action potential in order voltage gated potassium channels open potassium channels re set themselves voltage gated sodium channels open local potential depolarization of the trigger zone sodium channels re set themselves
B Name 3 proteins in these signal transduction pathways that we discussed that have SH2 domains Discuss what these proteins bind to and their function in the signal transduction pathway The STATS bind to the receptor through their SH2 domain Then the JAKS phosphorylate the STATS Phosphorylation causes them to change shape dissociate away from the receptor and form a dimer through their SH2 domains They are able to be imported to the nucleus and act as transcription factors I C Explain which proteins the proteins named in part B bind to with their SH2 domains
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Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
B Name 3 proteins in these signal transduction pathways that we discussed that have SH2 domains Discuss what these proteins bind to and their function in the signal transduction pathway The STATS bind to the receptor through their SH2 domain Then the JAKS phosphorylate the STATS Phosphorylation causes them to change shape dissociate away from the receptor and form a dimer through their SH2 domains They are able to be imported to the nucleus and act as transcription factors I C Explain which proteins the proteins named in part B bind to with their SH2 domains
pons midbrain brain stem cerebrum hypothalamus thalamus medulla oblongata cerebellum
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
pons midbrain brain stem cerebrum hypothalamus thalamus medulla oblongata cerebellum
Base your answers to questions 11 and 12 on the data table below which shows the volume and mass of three different samples A B and mineral pyrite Sample A B C Pyrite Volume cm 2 5 6 0 20 0 Mass g 12 5 30 0 100 0 Mass grams 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10 Volume cm 15 2
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Base your answers to questions 11 and 12 on the data table below which shows the volume and mass of three different samples A B and mineral pyrite Sample A B C Pyrite Volume cm 2 5 6 0 20 0 Mass g 12 5 30 0 100 0 Mass grams 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 5 10 Volume cm 15 2
Place the events of the action potential in order sodium channels re set themselves A 2 LY V 1 V U voltage gated sodium channels open potassium channels re set themselves local potential depolarization of the trigger zone voltage gated potassium channels open
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Place the events of the action potential in order sodium channels re set themselves A 2 LY V 1 V U voltage gated sodium channels open potassium channels re set themselves local potential depolarization of the trigger zone voltage gated potassium channels open
Some axons are myelinated What is the purpose of myelination to receive signals from sensory receptors to speed the conduction of action potentials to provide nutrients to the axon to transport proteins made in the cell body
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Some axons are myelinated What is the purpose of myelination to receive signals from sensory receptors to speed the conduction of action potentials to provide nutrients to the axon to transport proteins made in the cell body
Question 11 1 point There are 25 O O O O 10 20 times as many neuroglial cells in the CNS than there are neurons
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Question 11 1 point There are 25 O O O O 10 20 times as many neuroglial cells in the CNS than there are neurons
Match the function with the neuroglial cell that performs the function the macrophages of the CNS produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid CSF wrap foot processes around the brain s capillaries produce myelin for CNS axons 1 astrocyte 2 oligodendrocyte 3 microglial cell 4 ependymal cell
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Match the function with the neuroglial cell that performs the function the macrophages of the CNS produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid CSF wrap foot processes around the brain s capillaries produce myelin for CNS axons 1 astrocyte 2 oligodendrocyte 3 microglial cell 4 ependymal cell
Match the structural region of a neuron with its general function 1 3 2 Y V axon terminals cell body axon 1 receptive 2 conductive 3 secretory
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Match the structural region of a neuron with its general function 1 3 2 Y V axon terminals cell body axon 1 receptive 2 conductive 3 secretory
Neurons that carry touch sensations from your skin are typically which type multipolar bipolar
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Neurons that carry touch sensations from your skin are typically which type multipolar bipolar
Match each structure with its components 2 V 4 1 3 cell bodies in the PNS Peripheral nervous system axons in the CNS Icell bodies in the CNS axons in the PNS 1 nucleus of the CNS not the cell or the atom 2 ganglion 3 nerve 4 tract
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Match each structure with its components 2 V 4 1 3 cell bodies in the PNS Peripheral nervous system axons in the CNS Icell bodies in the CNS axons in the PNS 1 nucleus of the CNS not the cell or the atom 2 ganglion 3 nerve 4 tract
Most neurons are which type Opseudounipolar neurons unipolar neurons bipolar neurons
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Most neurons are which type Opseudounipolar neurons unipolar neurons bipolar neurons
Question 1 In some cases just a few hormone molecules binding to the surface of a cell can trigger a very large response because O each hormone can bind to transcription factorssimultaneously causing amplification of the signal O the signal is amplified by activation of enzymes that each catalyze multiple reactions the hormone triggers the cell to release more hormones amplifying the signal O the signal is amplified by activation of transcription factors that each catalyze multiple reactions O each hormone can bind to multiple receptors simultaneously causing amplification of the signal
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Question 1 In some cases just a few hormone molecules binding to the surface of a cell can trigger a very large response because O each hormone can bind to transcription factorssimultaneously causing amplification of the signal O the signal is amplified by activation of enzymes that each catalyze multiple reactions the hormone triggers the cell to release more hormones amplifying the signal O the signal is amplified by activation of transcription factors that each catalyze multiple reactions O each hormone can bind to multiple receptors simultaneously causing amplification of the signal
When a neurotransmitter released from one neuron binds to a O voltage gated ion channel O nuclear receptor O ligand gated ion channel O G protein coupled receptor O enzyme linked receptor on a secondneuron that neuron depolarizes and fires
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
When a neurotransmitter released from one neuron binds to a O voltage gated ion channel O nuclear receptor O ligand gated ion channel O G protein coupled receptor O enzyme linked receptor on a secondneuron that neuron depolarizes and fires
In small groups students will a create a paragraph addressing the following question Why does how we approach fear matter
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
In small groups students will a create a paragraph addressing the following question Why does how we approach fear matter
Which of these muscles is involved in mastication O temporalis Osternocleidomastoid O trapezius O diaphragm Question 4 1 point Listen Which of these muscles extends the head O the sternocleidomastoid the scalenes the trapezius the tibialis anterior
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Which of these muscles is involved in mastication O temporalis Osternocleidomastoid O trapezius O diaphragm Question 4 1 point Listen Which of these muscles extends the head O the sternocleidomastoid the scalenes the trapezius the tibialis anterior
When the action potential stops the muscle will relax The calcium ions are pumpec back into the O rough endoplasmic reticulum Olysosomes peroxisome sarcoplasmic reticulum
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
When the action potential stops the muscle will relax The calcium ions are pumpec back into the O rough endoplasmic reticulum Olysosomes peroxisome sarcoplasmic reticulum
Look at Figure 10 14 the Neuromuscular Junction NMJ Where is the NMJ located at the plasma membrane of the muscle cell on either end of the muscle fiber at the triad made of 2 terminal cisternae and 1 T tubule at the mitochondria of the muscle cell
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
Look at Figure 10 14 the Neuromuscular Junction NMJ Where is the NMJ located at the plasma membrane of the muscle cell on either end of the muscle fiber at the triad made of 2 terminal cisternae and 1 T tubule at the mitochondria of the muscle cell
How does neurotransmitter released by the neuron at the NMJ cause a signal at tl motor end plate the neurotransmitter binds to a receptor on the motor end plate the neurotransmitter diffuses through the motor end plate the neurotransmitter activates an enzyme on the motor end plate the neurotransmitter activates a transcription factor
Biology
Human Physiology - Neural Control & Coordination
How does neurotransmitter released by the neuron at the NMJ cause a signal at tl motor end plate the neurotransmitter binds to a receptor on the motor end plate the neurotransmitter diffuses through the motor end plate the neurotransmitter activates an enzyme on the motor end plate the neurotransmitter activates a transcription factor