Human Physiology - Breathing & Exchange of Gases Questions and Answers

to inhale and exhale more forcefully the maximum amount of air moved in and out of the lungs is called the VITAL CAPACITY which is the amount of air a person can expel from the lungs at maximum inhalation Materials Balloons metric ruler meter stick Prediction Which factor s have the most affect a person s vital capacity Rank in order from MOST effect 1 to least effect 5 The weight of the person The sex of the person Activity level athletics PROCEDURE Consider the factor you think will have the greatest effect on both vital capacity and tidal volume Explain your choice In this activity you will be measuring the vital capacity of members of the class If you have any breathing difficulties asthma or other condition you should not participate You will be using the diameter of a balloon and the graph shown to estimate your capacities 1 Choose 3 subjects from your group and record data on their height age sex and activity level The height of the person The age of the person 2 Measuring Vital Capacity Stretch a round balloon several times to stretch it out Take a deep breath and then exhale into the balloon Pinch the end of the balloon and measure its diameter in cm Record on data table 3 Convert the diameter to volume using the graph and record this on your table 4 Estimated Vital Capacity Research has shown that the capacity of a person s lungs is proportional to the surface area of his body and his height This online calculator will use your height and age to estimate your vital capacity Have each of your subjects record their data Go to this site http biol co vitcap1 DATA TABLE Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3 Subject 4 Sex Height Age Subject Data Lung volume cubic centimeters 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Metric ruler Diameter 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Baloon diameter centimeters and input information on test subjects It will calculate the vital capacity Activity Level low medium high Balloon Diameter Vital Capacity Volume from graph Volume from Calculator ANALYSIS 1 What is the difference between tidal volume and vital capacity Suggest a way you could measure a person s tidal volume

Number 1 on the graphic refers to nitrogen What happens when nitrogen is breathed in by an organism A It reacts with the tissues in the lungs and causes the organism to die B It dissolves into tissues and sometimes builds up to deadly levels C It is exhaled 20 95 Percent of the Atmosphere 0 97 2 1 78 08

Carotid and Aortic Bodies directly monitors blood pressure heart rate blood concentration of O2 and CO2 respiration rate

If our blood CO2 carbon dioxide increases then there is an increase of hydrogen ions or a decrease in pH that is detected by central CNS receptors True o False Previous

The respiratory tract is a fragile system if trauma occurs and one lung is punctured and collapses unfortunately then the other lung will also collapse and death will occur True False

The mechanics associated with air movement into and out of the lungs are best explained by none of these are correct Daltons Law Newton s Law Law of conservation of energy Charles Law

Cigarette Smoke acts to complete the sentence from the choices given decrease the movement of the alveoli s cilia o increase the movement of cilia within the trachea decrease the movement of cilia within the trachea increase the movement of microvilli within the trachea Previous

The anatomic location where gas exchange occurs in the respiratory tract is the a bronchi alveoli more than one is correct o nasal cavity otrachae opharynx

Write the component part definitions using the correct format with the separation marks slashes placed in the appropriate location s for the term TRACHEOTOMY

Write the component part definitions using the correct format with the separation marks slashes placed in the appropriate location s for the term RHINITIS

2 pts Write the medical term without separation marks slashes from the definition condition of difficult voice

Write the main definition for the medical term atelectasis

The graph below shows oxygen dissociation curves for the haemoglobin of a mother and her foetus Which one of the following statements describes the difference in the behaviour of the two types of haemoglobin 100 Percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 20 0 A fetus B mother C 2 6 8 10 12 14 16 Partial pressure of oxygen po kPa O a Both foetal and adult haemoglobin carry the same amount of oxygen per mole of haemoglobin O b Adult haemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as foetal haemoglobin O c Foetal haemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as adult haemoglobin O d Foetal haemoglobin has a higher oxygen affinity than adult haemoglobin Adult haemoglobin has a higher oxygen affinity than foetal haemoglobin

An article can pass one part of the CRAAP test but not another True False

Atmospheric pressure at the summit of Mount Everest is about one third the pressure at sea level which is 760 mm Hg If oxygen makes up 21 of the by volume the partial pressure of oxygen PO2 on Mount Everest is approximately O 53 mm Hg O 255 mm Hg O 157 mm Hg O 760 mm Hg

The rate of breathing and O2 levels The rate of breathing would increase if O2 levels fall too low but would be unchanged even if CO2 levels increase True or False True False