Biotechnology & its Applications Questions and Answers

Mammals cannot normally regenerate lost limbs However if the p21 protein is missing in mice the mice can regenerate lost limbs What does this tell us about the role of p21 All of these The absence of p21 could potentially result in uncontrolled cell growth and the production of cancerous tumors The presence of p21 plays an important role in inhibiting the cell cycle when present The presence of p21 is essential to the normal growth of cells

Question 7 Points 1 Why are elections so critical to the democratic process O Elections give the power to the people O Elections force political parties to spend large amounts of money O Elections always produce the best choice for the times O Elections can be easily manipulated

3 Complete the table for the 3 steps involved in cellular respiration Name of step Where does it occur in the cell With or without oxygen of ATP molecules produced

Question 1 What is one f

Connections to biology 5 Ribozymes are RNA polymers that are found to catalyze a number of important biochemical reactions similar to protein enzymes Among the most common reactions they catalyze is the cleavage of RNA polymers One potential mechanism by which they catalyze the cleavage of the RNA backbone is shown in the figure to the right where the ribozyme uses a base X to facilitate nucleophilic attack of an alcohol group and an acidic group Y H to facilitate the leaving group ability of the alcohol attached to the ribose B O O H B O OH Y H De B O OH I m 1 he 0 9 0 O A H O B b Would you predict the change in entropy AS to be positive negative or negligible for this reaction OH a Is the mechanism shown an example of a concerted addition elimination or elimination addition type c Would you predict the presence of the ribozyme to increase make more positive decrease make more negative or not affect the change in free energy AG of this reaction

ne True False

Select the statements that are true in the context of any of the G phases Skin cells are an example of a cell that is permanently in the G phase The G phase is a stage of non division A cell may enter the G phase following cytokinesis A cell that enters the G phase can never divide again

All of the statements below about epigenetics are correct EXCEPT choose the incorrect statement O Epigenetic modifications are essential for differentiation of embryonic cells into specialized cells and tissues O Epigenetic modifications primarily induce changes to the genetic code itself A C G T O Epigenetic modifications occur in response to both positive and negative environmental exposures and experiences O Epigenetic modifications can occur throughout the lifespan O Epigenetic modifications are reversible but tend to persist in a cell

Imagine you are a researcher assessing DNA methylation patterns of genes important for physiological stress responses You discover that the promoter region of a gene known as NR3C1 highly methylated in those who experienced early life stress Based on this information what do you predict O Expression of the Nr3C1 gene is likely promoted unless the histones are also acetylated O Expression of the NR3C1 gene is likely unaffected by DNA methylation altogether Expression of the NR3C1 gene is likely repressed and or very low in these individuals O Expression of the NR3C1 gene is likely promoted and or very high in these individuals

Bat echolocation allows them to detect objects in the dark moths have ears which can detect ultrasound echolocation calls Scientists have argued that this relationship is both co evolution and an arms race Using bats and moths as a model explain what sort of co evolution this is and what we mean by an arms race Here are three answer versions Two are created by chatGPT One is created by me I d give chatGPT a C grade on both of its answers and myself a B or A Your task is to read all three and then explain which one is best and why Answer 1 The co evolution between bats and moths is a classic example of predator prey co evolution Bats have evolved the ability to use echolocation to navigate and locate prey while moths have evolved ears that can detect the high frequency sounds produced by bats allowing them to avoid being captured An arms race is a term used to describe a situation where two or more species evolve in response to each other s adaptations resulting in an escalation of traits that provide an advantage in the struggle for survival In the case of bats and moths this has resulted in an evolutionary arms race with each species evolving increasingly sophisticated adaptations in response to the other s adaptations As bats evolved more sophisticated echolocation abilities moths evolved more sensitive ears that could detect the high frequency sounds produced by bats allowing them to avoid being detected In response bats evolved more complex echolocation calls which made it harder for moths to avoid being detected This process has continued over millions of years with bats and moths evolving increasingly sophisticated adaptations in an ongoing arms race In summary the co evolution between bats and moths is an arms race where each species has evolved adaptations in response to the other s adaptations resulting in an ongoing escalation of traits that provide an advantage in the struggle for survival Answer 2 The co evolution between bats and moths is a classic example of predator prey co evolution Bats use echolocation to detect prey such as moths in the dark and moths have evolved to detect the echolocation calls of bats and evade them The arms race aspect of this co evolution refers to the continual adaptation and counter adaptation between the predator and prey As bats evolve to better detect moths moths in turn evolve to evade detection This leads to a back and forth escalation of adaptations with each species trying to gain an advantage over the other For example some species of moths have evolved ears that can detect the echolocation calls of bats and respond with their own ultrasound clicks effectively jamming the bat s detection system Meanwhile some species of bats have evolved to produce echolocation calls at higher frequencies making it harder for moths to detect them Overall the co evolutionary relationship between bats and moths is an ongoing arms race with each continual cycle of adaptation and counter adaptation

Which of the following bacterial concentrations would produce a TFTC plate at the 10 dilution Consider you plated 1mL of the bacterial suspension 2 10 organisms ml 2 x 10 organisms ml 2 x 10 organisms ml 2 x 10 organisms ml

To genetically transform an entire organism you must insert the new gene into every cell in the organism Which organism is better suited for total genetic transformation one composed of many cells or one composed of a single cell Explain

DNA has been loaded onto an agarose gel a Does DNA carry an overall positive neutral or negative charge b When placed in the gel box DNA migrates toward which electrode c Does DNA fragment size have an effect on how fast DNA migrates through a gel Explain d Why are we able to see DNA fragments in the gel when it is exposed to UV light

ourses SC BIOL1000 N Biology I Cel Consider the following unknown sequ 5 GATCGGAATTC3 1 List the functional group present

Dashboard My courses SC BIOL1000 N Biology I Cells Molecular Biolog

My courses SC BIOL1000 N Bi