Biology Questions

Metabolic Pathways Metabolic pathways are sequences of enzymatically catalyzed chemical reactions in a cell Metabolic pathways are determined by enzymes 6 Anabolic becaus is building Substrates Enzyme 1 Enzyme 2 Enzyme 3 te H Product Product HO 10000 Produce melanin

NADH FADH RESPIRATION NADH FADH Electrons Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis NADH Acetyl CoA Krebs cycle ATP Glycolysis Glucose Pyruvic acid CO H O FERMENTATION Pyruvic acid or derivative NADH Fermentation Formation of fermentation end products

The Sand Hills of Nebraska are a relatively recent geological formation with an age of approximately 10 000 to 15 000 years old Because of quartz crystals in the sand the Sand Hills are lighter in color than the surrounding area Deer mice Peromyscus maniculatus inhabit much of the Midwest and have a dark brown coat color However at the Sand Hills where the sand is lighter the Deer Mice have a lighter golden coat In other words the mice on the Hills have a coat color that blends in with the sand The main predators of these mice are birds and it is thought that blending in with the background increases the mice s likelihood of survival Scientists have identified a single gene Agouti which is responsible for the differences in coat color Linnen et al 2009 Below are partial DNA nucleotide sequences from the coding region of the Agouti gene which codes for the protein that affects coat color These sequences were obtained from five mice from five different deer mouse populations Mice A B and C come from regions other than the Sand Hills whereas Mice D and E come from the Sand Hills Mouse A dark Mouse B dark Mouse dark Mouse D light Mouse E light AGG CCT TGC TCA AAA GTA TCG CGC TAG AGG CCT TGC TCA AAA GTA TCG CGC TAG AGG CCT TGC TCA AAA GTA TCG CGC TAG AGG CCT TGC TCA GTA TCG CGC TAG AGG CCT TGC TCA GTA TCG CGC TAG Using a technique called mutation analysis the new Sand Hills Agouti allele gene variant in mouse D and mouse E is estimated to be around 8 000 years old That means the lighter coat color appeared after the formation of the Sand Hills How would a biologist best explain the reason for the appearance of the allele One mouse living in the Sand Hills randomly obtained the lighter coat color mutation and produced lighter coat colored offspring Because they survived more than the darker colored mice all the lighter coat colored mice are descendants of the original mouse O The dark coat color gene mutated into the light coat color gene because the mouse was exposed to the lighter colored sand O A group of mice came to the Sand Hills and the dark coat color gene mutated because the mice needed to blend in with the sand to avoid being eaten by birds

C 35 million years old past O vestigial trait O genetic drift 3 15 million years old transitional feature atavism 2 3 8 million years old TIME The figure above shows the front foot of the modern horse and three related extinct species The oldest species had more toes lived in the forest and was not a fast runner The modern wild horse has only one well developed toe lives in grasslands and is a fast runner The toes are numbered in the image The changes in length and number of toes over time is an example of a n Modern horse present

Explain positive and negative selection in the development of T cells in the thymus

infected strain A cells killed or not killed Explain AXB F H 20 b Thymectomy Lethal x irradiation Spleen cells LCMV infected strain A cells Strain B thymus graft H 26 A X B F hematopoietic stem cells H 2a b Infect with LCMV LCMV infected strain B cells

The evolutionary advantage of aspect of K strategy is ensuring that your genetics will continue to be inherited A the slow growth rate C maturing late in life B the parental care D having few offspring

Kappa and lambda light chain genes O are located on the same chromosome O arrange before the heavy chain genes O can both be expressed on the same B celll none of the above

grow rapidly have multiple offspring and have little investment in parental care A K strategists C Elephants B Humans D R strategists

When does class switching occur in the B cell after what event For the toolbar press ALT F10 PC or ALT FN F10 Mac

A mayfly is born matures mates and dies all in the same day Mayflies are most likely A to exhibit logistic growth C R stategists B K strategists D nurturing parents

identify this molecule whole molecule Les Obch 9999 199 8888 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 1 O 3 Peptide binding cleft B 01 microglobulin 02 band

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a K strategist A mature late in life C reproduce later in life B grow at an exponential rate D grow at a slow logistic rate

Listen Assuming equal spore production rates what is bryophyte with both asexual and sexual reproduction versus one with reproduction OA Species with both types of reproduction have higher rates of genetic diversity than species with only sexual reproduction OB Species with both types of reproduction are less evolutionarily advanced than species with only sexual reproduction C Species with both types of reproduction have higher population growth rates than species with only sexual reproduction DI Species with both types of reproduction occur primarily in dry environments

What is the purpose of a complete B cell receptor why is it not enough to just have membrane bound antibody on a B cell For the toolbar press ALT F10 PC or ALT FN F10 Mac

Question 12 Spleen cells are taken from a mouse immunized with the LCM virus 2 assays are used to determine antigen specific functional activity of the spleen cells Assay 1 the spleen cells T cells are incubated with macrophages that have been briefly exposed to LCM virus phagocytized the virus production of IL 2 by the T cells is considered a positive response Assay 2 the spleen cells are incubated with LCM infected target cells lysis of the infected target cells is considered a positive response Activity of which cell population is detected in Assay 1

Boom and bust population growth is most often seen in A elephant populations B R stategists C K strategists D monogamous organisms

Listen Which of the following statements about the transition from ocean to is most likely to be accurate OA The transition to land occurred within a few generations OB The high light levels of terrestrial systems favored individuals that contained flexible photosynthetic enzyme systems The transition to land was likely gradual with plants evolving traits that let them survive ever drier conditions Rising sea levels favored individuals that were able to survive ever drier conditions

Identify molecule whole molecule Peptide binding cleft 1 02 3 79997 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 U 8 8 8 LULE

Where will a B cell more than likely encounter antigen and go through class switching For the toolbar press ALT F10 PC or ALT FN F10 Mac

Listen If one were to propose a new taxon of plants that includ pollinated by animals but excluded all plants that are not pollinated by animals the this new taxon would be Al monophyletic OB paraphyletic C identical in composition to the phylum Anthophyta

Listen The evolution of a vascular system in plants allowe OA decreased height improved competition for water and decreased spore dispersal distances OB increased height improved competition for water and increased spore dispersal distances C decreased height improved competition for light and decreased spore dispersal distances increased height improved competition for light and increased spore dispersal distances

Oseed Opollen grain Ob bud ovary anther estion 3 1 point Listen

Analyzing the right Staffing and Scheduling levels to meet a given demand falls under descriptive analytics True False

Listen Which of the following sex and generation tube of angiosperms D Al female gametophyte OB male gametophyte OC male sporophyte female sporophyte on 014 Cl

Scatter Plots are created between two categorical data types True False

The provider orders phenytoin Dilantin 400mg IVBP x 3 doses The pharmacy supplies phenytoin 400mg in 100mL bag of 0 9 Sodium Chloride solution How will the nurse program the IV pump to infuse the IVPB over 15 minutes Round to the nearest whole number ml hr

Bacteria and are the only organisms known to exhibit exponential growth A protists B humans C viruses D fungi

A patient is prescribed a low residue diet What foods should the nurse instruct the patient to avoid while on this diet O chilled fruit gelatin desserts O canned vegetables Owine liquor rice pasta

Colonies of this organism have black color Oyeasts Oamoebas Rhizopus Penicillium cup fungi

Which of the following is true about protists Select all that apply They are all photosynthetic They are in Kingdom Animalia They are all single celled They are prokaryotes They are in Domain Eukarya

Studying the number of organisms per unit at any area or given time helps to track endangered species A ecosystem density B population density C biome density D community density

Colonies of this organism have blueish green color Ocup fungi Rhizopus Oyeasts O amoebas Penicillium

This single celled protist moves by means of cilla Oeuglenoids paramecium Odiatoms O amoebas yeasts

This organism is responsible for causing the disease malaria O Penicillium Paramecium Plasmodium Fucus Spirogyra

is the number of organisms per unit area at any given time A Population density B Ecosystem density C Community density D Biome density

The population dispersion type called is driven by the plentiful availability of resources A matrixed B clumped C even D random

The growth of a population is calculated by births immigration A deaths emmigration B deaths emmigration C deaths x emmigration D deaths emmigration

The study of the size growth and distribution of a population to predict change is called d A demographics B ecology C nomographics D ethology

How does the expression of genes result in variations among cells O A When genes are turned on the cell will make specific proteins that it needs OB The types of genes in a cell change over time as the needs of the cell change O c Cells use all of their genes all the time to make sure they always have what they need O D Each cell in an organism has a unique set of genes for the proteins it needs

In a parasitic symbiosis one species lives another species A in the same habitat as C on or in B nearby D harmoniously with

is a symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other neither gains nor loses anything A Mutualism C Commensalism B Co habitism D Parasitism

refers to species interaction that impacts the fitness of each organism involved A Commensalism C Symbiosis B Parasitism D Mutualism

According to the plus system which of the following is a 0 symbiotic relationship A cohabitism C parasitism B commensalism D mutualism

is a symbiotic relationship characterized by the plus system as A Cohabitism C Commensalism B Parasitism D Mutualism

Species that live together and impact each other s fitness are said to be in a n relationship A symbiotic C obligate anaerobic B mutualistic D parasitic

In an aquatic biome is not much of a limiting factor compared to a terrestrial biome A sunlight C temperature B nutrients D oxygen

A mangroves C ginkos high salinity B cypress D oaks

A major limiting factor for a biome is water because trees require an abundant supply A tundra C grassland B forest D tropical

Measuring percent dissolved oxygen DO in an aquatic environment is a way to follow energy production as oxygen is a byproduct of produces sugar energy which A cellular respiration B photo synthesis C chemi sythesis