Biological Classification Questions and Answers

List each taxon in the Linnaean system of classification, from most general to most specific.

How are organisms in the domain Bacteria classified?

How are organisms in the domain Eukarya classified?

Which ONE of the following contributes to the asymmetry seen in a lipid bilayer? Charged head groups on a sphingolipid. The presence of beta barrel proteins. GPI anchored proteins on the cytosolic leaflet. The enzymatic activity of scramblases.

Although not as common as receptor tyrosine kinases, there are examples of cell division being regulated by growth factor binding to G-protein coupled receptors. Consider two related cell lines, A and B, both of which can be stimulated to divide by a growth factor that binds to a G protein coupled receptor. This response can be mimicked in cell line A, but not cell line B, by the addition of ionomycin, a drug that makes membranes permeable to extracellular Cat+ ions. It's likely that cell line A responds to ionomycin treatment because growth factor binding to its receptor eventually induced activation of: Adenylyl cyclase. Protein Kinase C. Phosphatidylinositol. Protein Kinase A.

The transport of molecules across cellular membranes is important for the proper functioning of cells. Explain the role of transport across cell membranes in the proper functioning of red blood cells, cells in the digestive system, and the release of hormones.

What is the main function of the beta-galactosidase protein made by the lacZ gene? To synthesize lactose To break down glucose To synthesize a lacl repressor To break down lactose To synthesize a protein channel to move lactose into the cell

Which of the following is in written in proper binomial nomenclature? Pan troglodytes pan Troglodytes pan Troglodytes Pan troglodytes

What features designate a bacterium as a member of Family Enterobacteriaceae? A. gram positive cocci in clusters that are catalase positive B. gram negative curved rods that are oxidase positive C. gram positive, endospore forming rods D. gram negative and oxidase negative

Some strains of Escherichia coli bacteria use a syringe-like mechanism to inject bacterial proteins into the host cell. Some of these proteins become receptors in the host cell's membrane, which help the bacterium bind firmly to the cell's surface. The proteins also trigger a pathway that causes the host cell to form a "pedestal" for the bacterium. Which VF allows E.coli to accomplish this infection strategy? A. Enterotoxins B. flagella (H antigen) C. Type III Secretion system D. capsule (K antigen)

Once you find a resource that seems to match up with your topic, what is your next step? A. Find another resource B. Cite the resource C. Read the resource

When tryptophan levels are low, ribosome stalls at the 2 trp codons in region 4. True False

What uses the MOST amount of energy? A. reduce B. reuse C. recycle D. throw away

Which of the following groups does NOT belong to the Eukaryota? Chlorobionta Eubacteria Protista Metazoa Fungi

Which of the following ransacked the Bureau of Indian Affairs' office in Washington D.C. in protest of unfair treatment? A. AIM B. BIA C. NOW D. UFWOC

Accidental is to planned as developed is to homely immature blossom

A prokaryote has a Gram-positive cell wall, a basic cell membrane, is rod shaped, and has multiple flagella. Referring to the Prokaryote Dichotomous Key from your lab manual, what is the identity of this organism? Spirillum volutans Listeria monocytogenes Methanosarcina barkeri Escherichia coli Bacillus megaterium

Which of the following types of white blood cells produce the antibodies that are present in blood? B cells Thelper cells CTLS Monocytes Plasma cells

You extract DNA from a eukaryotic organism and isolate a specific gene that consists of exons and introns. You restriction digest the gene to cut both ends, restriction digest a plasmid to open it up, and you insert the gene into the plasmid and ligate the cut ends together, being sure to have the gene under the appropriate control of a bacterial promoter. You then transform E. coli with this new plasmid. What will E. coli do with this plasmid? Produce a much larger protein than the eukaryotic organism did from this gene Perform RNA splicing on the corresponding mRNA Be unable to read the sequence of this gene Be unable to transcribe this gene

Which of the following is the most difficult to categorize using the term "species"? Plant Animal Fungus Bacteria

The idea that species are defined as the smallest possible group which descends from a common ancestor and carries recognizable derived traits is in agreement with which species concept? Phylogenic species concept Biological species concept Ontological species concept Natural species concept Qu

Which of the following are found in plant cells, not animal cells? Chloroplasts Central Vacuole Cytoplasm Cell Wall

Read the following lines taken from "The Fall of the House of Usher" by Edgar Allan Poe and answer the question that follows: "Not hear it?-yes, I hear it, and have heard it. Long-long-long-many minutes, many hours, many days, have I heard it-yet I dared not-oh, pity me, miserable wretch that I am!-I dared not -I dared not speak! We have put her living in the tomb! Said I not that my senses were acute? I now tell you that I heard her first feeble movements in the hollow coffin. I heard them-many, many days ago-yet I dared not-I dared not speak! And now-to-night-Ethelred-ha! ha!-the breaking of the hermit's door, and the death-cry of the dragon, and the clangor of the shield!-say, rather, the rending of her coffin, and the grating of the iron hinges of her prison, and her struggles within the coppered archway of the vault! Oh! whither shall I fly?" Roderick hears a strange noise and this shows which of the following? Inner conflict Problem Resolution

Why is Taq DNA Polymerase special? It can separate DNA strands quickly It can heat up samples quickly It can withsatnd hot temperatures needed for PCR It is not special, all cells make Taq DNA polymerase

The main advantage/s of qPCR over conventional PCR is/are... Choose all the correct answers. Precise relative quantification Measures the accumulation of DNA during a PCR reaction in a "real time" It is a semi-quantitative method Measures the accumulation of DNA during the exponential phase when the method is the most sensitive (i.e. higher increase in fluorescence with the amount of DNA copied) All the options are correct

Denaturation of DNA happens at... 94C 74C 60C 50C

Extension is the third step of PCR. "Extension" means that... DNA is copied DNA strands are separating Primers are binding PCR is finished DNA is copied into RNA

In sequential order, what are the three steps of PCR? Anneal primers, extend DNA, denature DNA Denature DNA, extend DNA, anneal primers Denature DNA, anneal primers, extend DNA Extend DNA, anneal primers, denature DNA

Which organisms would tend to produce a large number of organisms in a single reproductive effort? wolves rabbits both mice and rabbits mice

Match the prokaryotic cellular projection with its function. Pili Flagella Fimbriae Movement through a liquid Exchange of genetic material Attachment to another cell

Who developed the classification system that is currently in use? Darwin Linnaeus Plato

Which of the following best defines the term range? The middle number of a set. The most frequently occurring number in a set. The difference between the largest and smallest value in a set. The average of a set of numbers. The largest value in the set of data.

viruses have ______ genes than bacteria because ________ for each choice below, the 1st phrase/word (before the semicolon) goes into the 1st space of the question. the 2nd phrase/word (after the semicolon) goes into 2nd space of the question Fewer; they do less damage to our cells than bacteria more; they need to supply most of their own enzymes and factors for replication the same number of; they are cells too fewer; they have fewer components than bacteria more; they are larger than bacteria

which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which viruses can damage the human body (je- harm us)? multiply inside our cells and destroy them the virus leaving the cell (release step of life cycle) may cause our defenses/immune system to over-react (eg, release too much cytokine) may cause cancer takes nutrients away from our cells/tissues

viruses are not considered cells because: their general structure is much simpler than the structure of cells the can't perform life functions on their own they are obligate cellular parasites they do not have many of the components that are found in cells (eg- ribosomes, organelles, cell wall, etc) all the choices given

Match each vocabulary term to its definition. organization from broad to specific categories rules for classifying living things a group in the Linnaean system of classification system used to classify living things two word Latin name for a species a. binomial nomenclature b. hierarchical system C. taxon d. taxonomy e. Linnaean classification

Which ONE of the following best describes popular culture? (a) Highly commercialized, mass produced, standardized cultural products aimed at consumption by the mass of ordinary people (b) Cultural products that are so popular that they are seen as 'set apart' and 'special' and to be treated with respect and reverence (c) Cultural products of the elite which are counterfeited and sold to the masses (d) Cultural products that have wide popular appeal because they are regarded as being of lasting artistic or literary value

Cancers that are associated with an infectious agent may also be independently associated with one or more non-infectious agents. True or false?

The HIV virion is a complicated virus. Which of the following descriptions of the virus is incorrect? it contains 2 copies of viral DNA in the capsid it is surrounded by a phospholipid envelope each viral particle (virion) contains viral enzymes inside the capsid the capsid is surrounded by a protein matrix

What is the most interesting/surprising thing you learned about microbiology this summer?

HIV can be transmitted via.... Choose all that apply. blood & blood products vertically from mother to infant sexual contact insect bite

Billy is an eleven year old child who is in trouble for calling other kids names in his class. His teacher tells him that he should treat others the way he would want to be treated if he wants people to like him. After this incident Billy seems to stop being mean to his other classmates and even tells other stage of moral students to follow the "golden rule." Kohlberg would say that Billy is in the development. Pre-Conventional Conventional Post-Conventional Transcendental

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which level only has a small percentage of human beings actually reaching? Safety needs Physiological needs Self-Actualization Esteem/Ego needs

The nurse assesses a client's fundal height every 15 minutes during the first hour postpartum. The height of the fundus during this hour should be: A. 1-2 fingerbreadths under the umbilicus B. 4 fingerbreadths under the umbilicus C. 1 fingerbreadth above the umbilicus D. 4 fingerbreadths above the umbilicus

SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus responsible for the disease COVID-19, contains an RNA genome surrounded by a protein capsid (coat) and a lipid envelope (membrane). Its spike proteins enable it to bind to ACE2 receptors of epithelial cells, allowing it to gain entry. Once inside, the virus hijacks the cellular functions and effectively turns the cell into a virus producing factory, with the synthesis of viral genome and proteins allowing virus particles to assemble and exit the cell. This overall process is representative of what viruses in general accomplish when infecting cells. Based on this information and your understanding of the definition of life, are viruses alive? Please explain, including in your answer specific definitions of what it means to be alive, and addressing whether or not these apply to viruses. Your answer should include approximately 4-5 sentences. Note: this answer is worth 4 points.

Fireflies are examples of organisms that use bioluminescence to emit light. This process relies on enzymes. The tail of fireflies contains thousands of luciferase enzymes, which help bind oxygen to a molecule called luciferin. This produces oxyluciferin. The chemical reaction requires energy and releases light. During this reaction, what are the substrates? What is the product?

Find the source of the work cited below. Kramer, Cosmo F. "A Health Threat Baffling for Its Lack of a Pattern." New York Times 22 June 2003, natl. ed.: A14. Newspaper Book Website

The wear and tear of daily cellular activity requires continuous replacement of aged dysfunctional proteins with newly synthesized proteins. These two processes are essential for maintaining cellular function and maximizing the lifespan of the cell. Protein synthesis occurs more efficiently in neutral pH while protein degradation occurs more efficiently in acidic pH. Which cells provide the best conditions to carry out both processes? Prokaryotes, because they have only one compartment with a neutral pH. Eukaryotes, because they have specialized membrane-bound organelles with acidic pH. Prokaryotes, because they can live in an acidic environment. Eukaryotes, because they have only one compartment that alternates between neutral and acidic pH.

The state of ________ was the first to bring up the idea of public education in the American colonies. A. New York B. Virginia C. Pennsylvania

1. Which of the following process can reverse gelatinized starch molecule? a. None of the above b. Pasting c. Gelatinization d. Constant stirring