Biomolecules Questions and Answers

A B C D E F G H 1 0 387 0 344 0 58 0 049 0 049 0 05 0 049 0 049 2 0 397 0 352 1 504 0 51 0 049 0 049 0 049 0 049 3 0 397 0 359 0 596 0 5 0 049 0 05 0 05 0 05 4 0 463 0 888 2 03 0 428 0 052 0 049 0 051 0 052 5 0 552 0 972 0 583 0 05 0 049 0 05 0 049 0 05 6 0 5 1 141 2 013 0 052 0 049 0 049 0 049 0 049 7 0 469 0 895 1 522 0 05 0 05 0 049 0 049 0 049 8 0 503 1 141 1 72 0 051 0 05 0 05 0 082 0 049 9 0 51 1 228 1 965 0 051 0 051 0 05 0 06 0 052 10 0 513 1 302 0 553 0 047 0 049 0 051 0 048 0 05 11 0 552 1 351 1 682 0 05 0 049 0 049 0 05 0 05 12 0 089 595 0 049 595 0 049 595 0 049 595 0 046 595 0 049 595 0 052 595 0 05 595

lank luate fraction 1 luate fraction 2 luate fraction 3 Jash D E F G H 1 2 0 06 0 262 0 095 0 077 0 053 3 4 5 0 074 0 404 0 311 0 188 0 062 6 0 057 0 29 0 323 0 114 0 059 7 0 06 0 436 0 381 0 145 0 056 8 0 069 0 545 0 158 0 1 1 074 9 10 0 058 0 241 0 44 0 167 0 116 0 079 0 286 0 324 0 136 0 097 11 0 057 0 256 0 239 0 12 0 074 12 0 055 280 0 404 280 0 309 280 0 117 0 574 280 280

N Normal n affected What are the chances of having an affected male 1 Point XN Xn 0 25 75 XN Y

11 REKID 13 OCTO Acts 19 7 14 THE 20 OUX 10 11 ME 15 a normal male a normal female a trisomy 21 male 21 a trisomy 21 female 22 16 700 17 46 X EXTER 12 18 Base Y

Male Pattern Baldness is an X linked reces sive trait The shaded symbols on the pedigrees are bald Using the pedigree below what do you know about the parents of 6 1 Point 5 6 2 12 7 13 14 8 O Mom is bald dad is not bald 3 9 15 4 10 Mom is a carrier of baldness dad is bald Mom is a carrier of baldness dad is not bald 11

inco fluidity regarding membrane Proteins are in a fixed position in the plasma membrane and display no motion The more unsaturated fatty acids found in the phospholipid bilayer the greater the membrane fluidity At low temperatures cholesterol increases membrane fluidity At high temperatures cholesterol increase membrane stability Cholesterol associates with the phosphate heads of the phospholipid bilayer

Many species of bacteria are becoming resistant to antibiotics Recently studies have analyzed the chromosomal DNA of antibiotic resistant bacteria One bacteria studied is methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA Researchers have found that its chromosomal DNA does not contain the genes for antibiotic resistance They also found that when MRSA is cultured with a non resistant bacteria the non resistant bacteria becomes antibiotic resistant a Identify the location of the antibiotic resistant genes b Discuss how the antibiotic resistant genes are being transmitted to non resistant bacteria when cultured together

2 In the space below draw the general structure of an amino acid max 2 points

1 In what ways did Churchill contribute to the start of the Cold War 2 In what ways did Stalin contribute to the start of the Cold War did Truman contribute to the start of the Cold War

4 What do the political cartoons tell you about what these countries thought about each other during the Cold War 5 Based on everything you ve read and seen which country leader was mostly responsible for the origins of the Cold War Please explain using evidence

Drag and drop t When compal A cell placed A cell placed

Highlight the statements that describe pinocytosis and receptor mediated endocytosis Select at least 4 sentences to check your answer 1 Receptor mediated endocytosis uses the protein caveolin to coat the plasma membrane 2 Pinocytosis is known as cell drinking 3 Pinocytosis brings in small ions needed by the cell along with a droplet of fluid 4 The lack of receptors can prevent the uptake of materials needed by the cell and result in disease 5 Pinocytosis uses the protein clathrin to coat the vesicle needed to bring materials into the cell 6 Receptor mediated endocytosis targets specific molecules 7 A variation of pinocytosis is phagocytosis

Term Active transport Electrochemical gradient Pump Primary active transport Secondary active transport ATP Definition The charge difference across a selectively permeable membrane Movement of ions across a membrane which is directly fueled by cellular energy The cellular energy used to fuel active transport Proteins that drive the process of active transport Movement of a substance across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration with the use of cellular energy Movement of ions across a membrane that is not directly dependent on cellular energy

Select the statement s that is are related to passive transport Passive transport moves molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration with the use of energy A difference in the amount of a substance on either side of a cell is known as a concentration gradient Membranes that will allow any substance to cross the plasma membrane is known as selectively permeable Plasma membranes are amphiphilic

Drag and drop the examples to their correct category of carrier proteins Uniporter Symporter Antiporter Calcium is removed from the cell while sodium enters the cell using an exchange protein Sodium potassium and chloride ions are transported by the loop of Henle and reabsorbed in the blood Calcium is actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells Plants transport hydrogen ions and potassium ions into and out of root ca

IF a person increases his or her activity level THEN here heart heat rate will increase due Ro the bealy cells increased need for oxygen BECAUSE

Drag and drop the characteristics of macromolecules to their correct category Phospholipids Proteins Carbohydrates Proteins and Carbohydrates Phospholipids and Proteins Involved in the transport of materials in or out of the cell Function as enzymes Amphiphilic Forms a bilayer Involved in cell recognition Contains saturated or unsaturated fatty acids Component of glycoproteins and glycolipids The main component of the plasma membrane Found only on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane

Use the information you gathered from the previous page to complete the statement below You should use the open space before the box to come up with a rough draft of your statement IF a person increases his or her activity level THEN Olmakiong

According to Professor Jewell President Abraham Lincoln decided to prosecute th Civil War for O Territorial reasons O Political reasons O Religious reasons

cDNA can be produced from mRNA The cDNA includes Introns and promoter region Exons and promoter region O Introns and exons O Exons only

All cells share the following features except All cells use proteins as catalysts O All cells translate RNA into protein the same way O All cells require ATP O All cells replicate their hereditary information by templated polymerization All cells are enclosed in a cell wall O All cells store their hereditary information in DNA

An glycolytic pathway is one that is both catabolic and anabolic energy producing enzymatic amphibolic redox reaction

Which coenzyme yields the most amount of energy when converted to ATP dur the ETC and chemiosmosis Acetyl COA NADH BGH FADH2

For the following question please refer to Met Ala Gly His Gln Cys

U CI PROBLEM 8 Given the following DNA sequence CGAATCCGTATGCGTACAAGCTGCTATGO 1st 2nd 3rd 1 Assume the sequence is on the coding strand a Assume that the first reading frame was us corresponding polypeptide b Assume that the second reading frame was corresponding polypeptide was 11

this phylum The unicellular Paramecium is often used as a model ciliate Individual Paramecium cells exchange genetic material through conjugation a non reproductive sexual process After conjugation there are no daughter cells Only the two original cells are present Therefore it is not considered sexual reproduction The smaller micronuclei of the two cells are copied and swapped in the process A Paramecium that is undergoing conjugation may sometimes be confused with one that is going through fission asexual reproduction Paramecium Cytology 35 E Laurent Contractile vacuole Macronucleus Micronucleus Oral groove Pellicle Food vacuoles Mitochondrion Paramecium conjugation Anal pore Cilia Examine prepared slides of Paramecium or living cultures if available Paramecium conjugating and Paramecium undergoing fission For live cultures use a drop of Protoslo to slow the motion of the organism Draw and label the organism using the atlas as a guide Note the prominent nucleus and smaller structure micronucleus near the nucleus The indented portion represents the oral groove The cilia may appear as a faint fuzzy halo around the organism adjust the iris diaphragm and light intensity if necessary to view the cilia Describe the shape of the organism Paramecium Paramecium fission

10 pts Please respond to one of the below prompts A B or C You may respond to multiple prompts if you wish but only one response is required Multiple responses will not earn extra points beyond 10 pts 10 pts Comment on at least one of your peers responses with feedback The peer you respond to does not have to be on the same prompt you responded to for example if you respond to B for your first post you can comment on someone s post to prompt A or C Your comments could ask a question of the original poster give constructive feedback or respond to their comment If you disagree or wish to correct information posted by your peer please be sure to do so kindly Prompt A Columns 1 2 and 13 18 Groups 1A 8A of the periodic table all share an important trait The column tells you how many valence electrons an atom has In Group 1A Hydrogen Lithium and sodium all have 1 valence electron In group 2A Beryllium and magnesium have 2 valence electrons In group 3A Boron has 3 valence electrons In group 4A Carbon and Silicon have 4 valence electrons This means both Carbon and Silicon can make 4 covalent bonds Theorize why do we only see carbon based life If Silicon can make 4 bonds shouldn t it be able to make all the same structures Carbon does Research a little is Silicon based life likely to exist Prompt B The four macromolecules covered in chapter 5 not only make up the majority of our diet and make up our bodies We are what we eat after all What we choose to eat has a lot of factors going into it but it never hurts to be better informed Choose one of the macromolecules in the chapter and make a post about its affect on our diet For example proteins what are essential amino acids Can we get them from a plant based diet Or what is more calorie dense carbohydrates or fats Are trans fats still added to our foods or present in our foods What are hydrogenated oils Or you can choose your own prompt regarding the four macromolecules Prompt C In chapter 6 we learn about cells and all the components that make up a cell We only have time to touch on the basics of each organelle in this course but there s a lot more to each of them in fact cell biology is an entire semester long upper division course at 4 year universities and sometimes even multiple semesters For this prompt choose one of the organelles you find interesting and do some research on it Pubmed and Google Scholar are great places to find new cutting edge research Locate an article you find interesting about your chosen organelle link it here and provide a very short 1 2 line summary of the

4 What tool is used to predict the genetic outcome of offspring from parents Hint it s not 23 and me

What was the significance of Hershey and Chase s findings THERE FOR V7 TEN OA They provided evidence that DNA carries heritable information OB They supported the idea that alleles are passed on independently of one another OC They introduced the concept of a transforming principle OD They showed that offspring inherit one allele for a trait from each parent showeve Home SOUTHER TIME WHATS Market T

Genes store genetic information regarding which of the following A The number of DNA molecules that make up a chromosome OB The number of nucleotides needed to build a DNA molecule C The order of amino acids that make up specific proteins D The sequence of proteins used to organize chromosomes

Carboxyl group QUESTION 9 What level of protein structure involves covalent and pleated sheats within a polypeptide chain

H N CH C NH CH C OH CH What is being indicated by the red arrow Jonic bond CH SH

QUESTION 2 Match the functional groups R Q H R G O R 910 C OH A Carboxyl B Amino C Methyl D Carbonyl E phosphate F Hydroxyl

on Completion Status Teraary Quaternary ESTION 10 ne that you are given a nurloi

OH OH OH CH OH O Polysaccharide 0 Monosaccharide OH O OH OH OH How would you classify this molecule O Disaccharide

OH How would you classify this molecule O O 02 OH Disaccharide 3 QUESTION 6 How many fatty acid chains could potentially be joined to glycerol maximum 01 Polysaccharide Monosaccharide

What type of molecule is being depicted below HHHHHHHHH FELELTHET C C C C C C C C C C H TELELI 0 0 H C O H C 0 0 H C O 0 0 I HHHHHHH I O H H HHHHH EEELLE I C C C C C C C C C C H EEEEELT HHHHHHH HH EF C C C C C C C C C H HHH Saturated triglyceride Steroid Cholesterol Unsaturated triglyceride Phospholipid I 0 I O I H 1 H H

Given the following cladogram and list of characteristics Moss Fern Conifer Flowering Plant Chlorophyll a b Yes Vascular tissue No Seeds No Flowers No Moss Fern Yes Yes No No 2 Flowers 3 Seeds Conifer Yes Yes Yes No Based on what you know about the principle of parsimony which of the following is most likely a synapomorphy of conifers and flowering plants 1 Both chlorophylls a and b and seeds Flowering Plant Yes Yes Yes Yes

A prokaryote would use to move nutrients internally and eliminate waste

If a cell has a damaged organelle or has some inclusion which needs digestion it will merge with a the Golgi apparatus Acceptable Formats Give me options These are small organelles created by

3 The three arcs below represent part of the cell membran a Label the cell membrane and cytoplasm for each cell b Sketch and label the following structures if present on membrane periplasm LPS teichoic acid mycolic acid pori

Which of the following is NOT TRUE of dehydration synthesis O Larger molecules can be made from smaller subunits using dehydration synthesis O The breakdown of the sugar lactose into the smaller sugars glucose and galactose would be an example of dehydration synthesis O Many polymers are the product of dehydration synthesis The process of dehydration synthesis results in the removal of a water molecule QUESTION 4 Which of the following IS NOT a polymer Protein DNA K Phospholipid

Farmers spray pesticides on their plants to protect the Some individual insects have a genetic mutation that the pesticides Which statement best describes how or resulted in the pesticide becoming ineffective The resistant insects change the toxin on the plants making it safe The resistant insects eat the contaminated surface and leave the res The resistant insects are able to survive to reproduce and create a p O The resistant insects grow larger and eat less of the plants

Percentages of Nitrogenous Bases Organism A Human Chicken Rat E coli 73 2 O 28 4 O 26 6 29 4 G 28 0 29 3 20 7 20 0 28 4 21 4 C 26 9 21 6 25 7 Based on Chargaff s rule the percentage of cytosine of a rat in the figure above should be arou Seg n la regla de Chargaff el porcentaje de citosina de una rata en la figura anterior debe ser de alrededor T 30 0

Which of the following statements is FALSE Reducing agents like BME affect tertiary structure but not quaternary structure A change in protein primary structure may affect quaternary structure Increasing or decreasing pH does not affect primary structure Secondary structure is completely disrupted by treating a protein with urea

Which level of protein structure does or can involve covalent bonding tertiary O quaternary O primary All of the above None of the above 500

Which of the following levels of structure will be affected by boiling Select all that apply Answer any level that is directly affected by boiling even if some aspects of that level of structure may remain 000 Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

Shown below is a randomly selected internal fragment of a polypeptide i e the ends are NOT SHOWN The polypeptide is the amino N terminus and new amino acids would be added to the end if it is still undergoing SH NH CH CH OH Left left Left right Right left Right right O NH CH CH C10 NH CH C NH CH3 CH end of this polymerization

Shown here is a monosaccharide HO CH C H H C HO Alpha Beta L H C C OH OH H TE anomer

Which arrow s in the polypeptide shown point to peptide bond s below A B C D R A B C D both A and D N 0 R R HN 0 R NH R