Ecology - Ecosystems Questions and Answers

Plates migrate at a rate of many miles per year O True O False

Plates are composed of which layer O core O lithosphere O asthenosphere

What information is used to recognize the boundaries between time increments on the geologic timescale O a change in the type of rocks igneous sedimentary metamorphic O a change in the fossil content O a change in color of the rocks

The bottom of the geologic time scale represents the beginning of the earth O True O False

How do sedimentary rocks differ from igneous and metamorphic rocks Sedimentary rocks are made from the weathered materials of previously existing rocks Sedimentary rocks crystallize from molten rock O Sedimentary rocks form under intense heat and pressure

Which of the following is a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic plasma membranes prokaryotic plasma membranes have a lipid bylayer while eukaryotic plasma membranes do not O prokaryotic plasma membranes contain sterols while most eukaryotic plasma membranes do not eukaryotic plasma membranes have a lipid bylayer while prokaryotic plasma membranes do not O eukaryotic plasma membranes contain sterols while most prokaryotic plasma membranes do not

In natural selection humans rather than the environment select the variations of traits to be passed to offspring O True O False

Depositional environment describes O the sorting of sediment O the grain size of sediment O the mass of the sediment O the physical environment at the site of deposition the rounding of sediment

Replacement describes soft tissue being compressed and blackened minerals precipitating into the pore spaces of tissue the dissolution of organismal tissue and minerals precipitating in their place an impression of a surface onto soft sediment

Arthropoda Arthropods include insects and scorpians and spiders An evolutionary novelty of Arthropods i an exoskeleton i e body armor made of chitin an organic material List two possible uses fo such an adaptation

Tracheophytes no specimen to look at 1 Tracheophytes are plants with vascular tissue tissue with transportation vessels and comprise most of the plants you are familiar with tree grasses flowers We will look at living and fossil specimens in detail later in the course Why do you think tracheophytes are ab to grow large Explain

In the tree below Taxon C is most closely related to A B C D E F G H 5 Taxon A Taxon H Taxon G Taxon F 3 8 4 7 9

Soln Today let s talk about horses and their cool trick the stay apparatus in their legs It s like a special system that lets them sleep while standing so they can rest and stay alert at the same time This stay apparatus locks their leg joints giving support without using muscles This trick is super important for horses in the wild helping them quickly react to danger and survive

Draw a three pronged tree that depicts the three major groups of organisms on earth the Domains and their al attributes

What system do biologists and paleontologists use to name organisms and groups of organisms O Phenetics O Linneaen hierarchy O English Cryptography

If we say the dog is more closely related to the lizard than the fish what is the justification for that They must have an evolutionary novelty that indicates they share a more recent common ancestor with each other than wit the fish one that they have to the exclusion of the fish From the choices select a novelty that would fit this requirement four limbs O backbone O eyes O hear mouth

Discuss whether this evolutionary tree used the method of cladistics or phenetics to achieve the results In the process be sure to provide enough detail about each method to clearly identify which was used here tortoise Shared Characteristics horse wolf hair leopard house cat purring retractable claws carnivorous

What does closeness of relationship mean in the context of the evolutionary history of a given group of organisms how close together two or more organisms live in a habitat O how similar they look O how recently the groups in question shared a common ancestor

Punctuated equilibrium is O When a population undergoes gradual change and spawns a new species O When a population disappears become extinct When a population undergoes rapid change and spawns a new species O When a population undergoes no change at all over time

Match the species definition to the correct description biological morphological genetic the genotypes are similar mating pairs can produce viab the phenotypes look the same

Which type of species definition is best suited for recognizing microbial species Why Edit View Incert

Draw a simple cell Label the drawing with respect to the following features Save as a graphic or take a photo Upload the file a nucleus or nucleoid b location of DNA c location of ribosomal RNA d cytoplasm e cell wall membrane f location of genes

Discuss the characteristics of each of the following biomes to include soil type annual rainfall mean temperature and biotic features Chaparral savanna taiga temperate forest temperate grassland tropical rain forest tundra

Discuss ecological succession and compare the effects of primary succession versus secondary succession

a Explain how biotic and abiotic factors can impact growth of populations biotic Predation Competition for seagant bPotic Climate availibity of nutrients 01 b How does one feeding niche impact others in a community

11 Food web food chain explain how human activities can affect a food web or food chain

19 Energy pyramids why is a pyramid a good representation for how energy flows through a community of organisms a Which level will have the greatest amount of organisms and why b Which level will have the fewest amount of organisms and why c What is the general rule about how much energy flows to the next trophic level in an energy pyramid d How do you calculate the amount of energy travels between trophic levels

A has the goal of determining if an article is fraudulent OB is accomplished by experts in the same field OC makes sure the experimental design is correct OD both B and C E all of the above

Understanding the history of biological anthropology is important because All sections O The history of knowledge and past research is what drives the current research questions e g fossil research in Africa had historically been ignored in part due to scientific racism but now there is much research there O All of these answers O You can learn what mistakes have been made and how they were corrected e g scientific racism or misunderstanding how gene are inherited O Sometimes multiple researchers independently come to the same conclusions for example with natural selection building new paradigms e g contributions Goodall and Imanishi or Wallace and Darwin

Which of the following occurs when the Sun Moon and Earth are in alignment OA No tidal bulges occur B A lower tidal range occurs OC A higher tidal range occurs D Neap tides occur

The worldwide average salinity of seawater is A 10 OB 5 OC 3 5 D 20

Keynesian Economics does NOT argue that O Big Government national treasury and the Big Bank central bank have prevented reoccurrence of a crisis like the Great Depression after WWII a capitalist economy is fundamentally stable and prone to full employment it is the unstable and volatile investment that primarily causes fluctuation in an economy higher minimum wage and generous welfare programs can lead to strong economic growth through their support on aggregate demand

The codon table identifies the amino acid sequence be translated from a human mRNA sequence This chart can also be used to identify amino acid sequences for other organisms Select all of the organisms that use the codon assignments shown in the codon table Staphylococcus aureus white shark oak tree lizard cat First Position U Phenylalanine Serine U Phenylalanine Serine Leucine Serine Leucine Serine C A G Leucine Leucine Leucine Leucine Isoleucine Isoleucine Isoleucine Methionine Valine Valine Valine Valine Proline Proline Proline Proline Threonine Threonine Threonine Threonine Alanine Alanine Alanine Alanine A Tyrosine Tyrosine Stop Stop Histidine Histidine Glutamine Glutamine Asparagine Asparagine Lysine Lysine Aspartic acid Aspartic acid Glutamic acid Glutamic acid G Cysteine Cysteine Stop Tryptophan Arginine Arginine Arginine Arginine Serine Serine Arginine Arginine Glycine Glycine Glycine Glycine

A heterotroph is an organism that obtains it energy from consuming another organisms or dead organisms O False QUESTION 3 Which of the following is undergoing active cell respiration to provide ATP for the living organism O Inorganic soil O Geminating com seeds O Dry com seed QUESTION 4 Most plants only contain one pigment associated with photosynthesis that being cholorphyll

Match the information from the two columns Superinfection Narrow spectrum antimicrobial agent Dosage Route of administration Synergistic drug interactions Antagonistic drug interactions Choose Choose Amount of medication in a time interval Beneficiall effects Targets wide variety of pathogens Targets specific microbes Harmful effects Secondary infection from a preexisting infection Method used to give the drug to a patient CHOOS Choose

What is meant by Earth s carrying capacity in relation to human population growth A B C D The population of people currently living on the planet The total amount of people that can consistently be supported by Earth The total amount of people that have existed on Earth to date The total amount of people currently using renewable resources

Car Salesman Look you can either spend some money and get this elegant sports car or you can continue driving that rust bucket you came in with Really don t you think you deserve better O Hasty Generalization O False Dilemma O Slippery Slope O Faulty Analogy

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4 Define emergent properties

3 Characterize the hierarchical organization of living systems cellular level and population level

A population can be defined as Individual Population Community Ecosystem all individuals of a species regardless of location or time period in which they live a group of individuals of different species living in the same place at the same time a group of individuals of a species plus all of the other species with which they interact a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed

ow does a person s ecological footprint relate to the amount of resources they consume

List factors that affect the size of an ecological footprint

Summarize what is meant by Earth s carrying capacity

The appraisal of work performance is not necessary for every organization O True False

Which inflation is more likely to be associated with stagflation imported inflation O market power inflation demand pull inflation cost push inflation

The mechanism behind slipped strand mispairing is that O a short repeats allow for slippage of the RNA polymerase during transcription of the affected genes b an invertible promoter slips into different reading frames O c short repeats allow for slippage of DNA polymerase during replication which leads to an out of frame reading sequence Od short repeats slip and turn genes off but they can never be turned back on O e the genes coding for lipopolysaccharide in Gram negative bacteria can be slinned in and out of frame