Human Physiology - Circulatory System Questions and Answers

If excess hydrogen ions are added to the blood, the body will respond with Multiple Choice increased respiration and increased reabsorption of bicarbonate ions. increased respiration and increased excretion of bicarbonate ions. decreased respiration and decreased excretion of hydrogen ions. decreased respiration and increased reabsorption of hydrogen ions.

Step 5: Imagine you are a red blood cell sitting in the right atrium of the heart. Write a paragraph that describes what happens to this red blood cell as it moves through the body. Describe what structures it will pass through - be detailed in the structures of the heart that you mention, including valves and heart chambers. How will it interact with oxygen and carbon dioxide?

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to assess the electrical activity of the heart blood pressure the sounds of valves closing in the heart the blood volume moved with each ventricular contraction

Damage to the AV node in humans........ would block the transmission of the electrical impulse from atria to ventricles would block conductance between the bundle branches and the Purkinje fibers. would disrupt the rate and timing of cardiac muscle contractions. would have an effect on blood pressure monitors in the aorta is a major contributor to heart attacks.

Organisms in which the circulation fluid is distinct from the tissue fluid are also likely to have a closed circulatory system and extensive numbers of capillaries a gastrovascular cavity and closed digestive system branched tracheae and multiple tracheoles an open circulatory system and large tissue sinuses filled with hemolymph. none of these are correct

Which sequence of blood flow can be observed in either a reptile or a mammal? vena cava → right atrium → ventricle → pulmonary circuit right atrium →→ pulmonary artery → left atrium → ventricle pulmonary vein → left atrium →ventricle → pulmonary circuit right ventricle pulmonary vein → pulmocutaneous circulation left ventricle aorta →lungssystemic circulation

Which of the following is NOT a role of the circulatory system? Transport nutrients absorbed from the small intestines throughout the body Transport O2 absorbed at the lungs throughout the body Transport CO2 from cells to the lungs Carry white blood cells and other components of the immune system throughout the body All of the above are correct Only two options are correct None of these are functions

A systolic pressure under 100 mmg ora diastolic pressure under 60 mmHg is diagnostic for shock. A. True B. False

If a person has both B and Rhesus antigens, what is their blood type? A. B+ B. O+ C. AB+ D. O-

The surfaces of red blood cells contain protein markers called A. antibodies B. antigens C. Ophospholipids D. aquaporins

Most strokes involve a portion of the Vertebral artery Circle of Willis Middle cerebral artery Common carotid artery

During development what happens if a t cell interacts with an MHC I marker? Why does this happen?

Lymphatic fluid flows Multiple Choice toward the heart away from the heart both toward and away from the heart

This is the second Rh positive child born to an Rh negative mother. Why doesn't hemolytic disease of the new-born happen when an Rh positive child is born to an Rh-nositive mother?

If a hypothesis is refuted, does that mean it was wrong? No. Failure means that they were wrong, but you are right Yes. Your hypothesis is wrong, then you are wrong. No. If a hypothesis comes back different, it is just time to reevaluate. Yes. You have failed your experiment

Please select the best example of homeostasis from the choices below. When muscle cells need more oxygen, heart rate increases to pump blood faster. When plants do not get enough water, their vacuoles shrink and plants wilt. Technology can help a person to breathe when they cannot get enough oxygen on their own. Bacteria live inside the digestive organs of animals, often supplying them with essential nutrients.

A drop of a patient's blood is placed in pure water, and the red blood cells (RBCs) rise to the top of the beaker. This is likely due to the patient suffering from which illness and what does this say about the specific gravity of their RBCs? O Dehydrated;> 1.01 Anemia;< 1.05 Anemia; > 1.05 Anemia; = 1.05 Dehydrated; < 1.01

Which of the following is the best justification for why the rabbit hemoglobin proteins were found throughout the tadpole? (A) Rabbit mRNA is composed of nucleotides that are more stable than those in frog mRNA. (B) Rabbit hemoglobin is synthesized more efficiently than frog hemoglobin in frog cells. (C) After differentiation, the rabbit hemoglobin proteins move through the circulatory system of the tadpole to every cell. (D) The mRNA injected into the newly fertilized frog eggs is distributed in the cytoplasm of every daughter cell during cell division.

Critical Thinking Question (5 pts.) (You may use the back of the page to write your answer if needed). Here is a case-study for you to solve. Use what you learned about blood types and Rhesus factor to solve this situation. Two friends, Mike and Jake were returning late at night from a club in the same car. Suddenly, Mike, who was driving, lost control of the car and they crashed into a big tree. Mike ended up with only a few bruises and scratches, but Jake got hurt. Jake had internal bleeding and was taken to a hospital, but he lost a lot of blood and needed a blood transfusion. Mike, feeling responsible for his friend's condition, wanted to donate blood to his friend. Both Mike and Jake had blood type O. So, in the ER, Mike gave 2 pints of blood to Jake. Two weeks later, Jake became anemic. So, Mike, being a good friend, decided to give blood again. However, after the second transfusion, Jake went into an anaphylactic shock (severe immune response) and almost died. What, do you think, was the problem here? Your answer should have two parts: 1. Explain, what happened in Jake's body after the first blood transfusion - why did he become anemic so soon after the transfusion? (hint: it's not from bleeding)

White blood cells (leukocytes) are typically classified as granulocytes, monocytes or lymphocytes. Examples of granulocytes include ___ and lymphocytes ___. platelets and eosinophils. basophils and B-cells. neutrophils and platelets. eosinophils and erythrocytes. erythrocytes and T-cells

Blood was dropped from a distance of 30 cm. Although the height was the same, two different patters emerged. How do you account for the difference?

What happens to the blood of a patient who has Type A if the A antibodies are added? Nothing It will mix evenly It will agglutinate (clump up) It will turn into water

Tom is a new EMT and is very nervous on his first emergency call. The patient is in need of IV fluids. Tom administers the fluids but quickly realizes that he has given the patient distilled water instead of the usual saline IV solution. To his dismay, Tom's patient quickly crashes and goes into distress. What happened to the patient's red blood cells as a result of Tom's error? Water flowed into the RBCs and they eventually burst or lysed. The RBCs clotted up in the blood vessels. The patient began to bleed inside the body. The RBCs lost water and dehydrated.

Based on this scenario - When you feel your heart rate increase, you take many slow and deep breaths, your heart rate would go down to the normal range. 1. What is your 2. What is your hypothesis? 3. Describe how you would design your test/ experiment and explain the possible results/ outcomes. observation/question? 4. Explain your conclusion based on the possible results/outcomes.

Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding baroreflex. The nucleus solitary tract receives information from the baroreceptors Caudal ventrolateral medulla inhibits rostral ventrolateral medulla Rostral ventrolateral medulla excites the parasympathetic efferents, which results in Increase in blood pressure and heart rate The nucleus solitary tract sends information to the ventrolateral medulla, specifically the caudal ventrolateral medulla

Which of the following describes the blood vessels, sweat glands, and temperature of the skin after a period of exercise? Blood vessels - constricted; Sweat glands - inactive; Skin temperature - high Blood vessels - constricted; Sweat glands - inactive; Skin temperature - low Blood vessels - constricted; Sweat glands - active; Skin temperature - low Blood vessels - dilated; Sweat glands - active; Skin temperature - high

A man without von Willebrand Factor will have trouble: Select one: a. Forming a platelet plug in an injured vessel b. Activating complement to destroy a pathogen c. maintaining an adequate Oxygen supply in his blood d. Creating and breaking down fibrin

Which of the following does show the blood direction/pathway in a correct order? left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, semilunar valve, pulmonary arteries Right atrium, semilunar valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary veins Left ventricle, left atrioventricular valve, left atrium, aorta, brachiocephalic artery Right ventricle, semilunar valve, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, lungs

The normal pH of blood is 7.35-4.45. The normal pCO2 level is 35-45mmHg. John has blood work performed. His recorded pH is 7.1. His recorded PCO2 is 20mmHg. Based on this describe the acid base state of John. (ie, metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis). Support your answer.

Calculate the frequency of Rh(+) individuals in the class. Write the answer as a decimal.Include only the first3 numbers after the decimal and round up if necessary. (For example, if the calculated answer is0.524833, you should write the answer as 0.525. If the calculated answer is 0.524167, you should write the answer as 0.524.) Frequency of Rh(+) individuals in the class=

Which of the following is considered "specific" immunity? O gastric juice O inflammatory response O Lymphocytes producing antibodies Phagocytic cells

Hypertension is both a disorder in and of itself (a pathology which may require treatment) AND a risk factor for other diseases. True False

Which structure(s) would best be described as the backup pacemaker in the heart? Bundle branches Purkinje fibers AV Node SA Node

Damage to what layer of the arterial wall is a key factor in atherosclerosis and other vascular disorders? Tunica intima Tunica externa Tunica muscularis Tunica media

Which of the following statements regarding orthostatic hypotension is/are accurate? All of the above Associated with cardiomyopathy and hypervolemia Involves a decrease in diastolic/systolic pressure on standing Typically cannot be corrected once it develops (nearly always becomes chronic)

Hemolysis on Blood Agar is due to the break down of the membrane of red blood cells by a bacterial protein known as hemolysin. the precipitation of the bile salts in the agar the use of heme in the blood cells to build a cell wall. a drop in pH in the media as indicated by neutral red

Which statement about morphology is NOT correct? a. Colonies of bacteria do not vary in morphology. b. Morphology includes cellular arrangements. c. Morphology includes cell shape. d. Morphology is commonly used for identifying and classifying organisms, including microorganisms. e. Morphology is the study of the forms of organisms, individually and sometimes in discrete groups.

If you were to trace a drop of blood from the heart to the right forearm you would follow this route: Heart -> aortic arch -> _____ -> right subclavian artery -> axillary artery -> Brachial artery -> radial and ulnar arteries There is nothing between aortic arch and right subclavian artery Brachiocephalic artery Common carotid artery Axillary artery

Type O+ blood would have which of the following antigens on the surface of the red blood cells? A only B only Neither A nor B Rh factor only Rh factor, with neither A nor B

The blood vessel marked is the superior vena cava aorta pulmonary trunk inferior vena cava

Osmosis usually drives water into eukaryotic cells. How do animal cells prevent lysis due to osmosis? A. They have strong cell walls that surround their plasma membranes and prevent lysis. B. They import Na* to increase their internal osmolarity C. They use aquaporins to pump excess water out of their cytosol. D. They expel Na to decrease their internal osmolarity E. Both B and C are correct.

Trace a drop of blood from the aortic arch to the stomach. Try to think of arteries as roads and streets branching off from each other. Think of veins as tributaries merging into larger streams. Always try to take the most direct route. A. Aortic arch-->thoracic aorta--> abdominal aorta--> celiac trunk--> stomach B. Aortic arch-->abdominal aorta--> thoracic aorta--> celiac trunk--> stomach C. Aortic arch-->celiac trunk--> abdominal aorta--> thoracic aorta--> stomach D. Aortic arch-->abdominal aorta--> thoracic aorta--> stomach

Trace a drop of blood from the brain to the heart. Try to think of arteries as roads and streets branching off from each other. Think of veins as tributaries merging into larger streams. Always try to take the most direct route. A) Brain-->superior vena cava--> internal jugular vein--> braciocephalic vein-->heart B) Brain-->braciocephalic vein--> superior vena cava-->internal jugular vein-->heart C) Brain-->internal jugular vein--> braciocephalic vein-->superior vena cava-->heart D) Brain-->braciocephalic vein--> internal jugular vein-->superior vena cava-->heart